220-1201  CompTIA A+ Certification Exam: Core 1 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 2 Q21-40

Visit here for our full CompTIA 220-1201 exam dumps and practice test questions.

Question 21:

Which type of RAM is non-volatile and retains data even when power is removed?

A) DRAM
B) SRAM
C) Flash
D) SDRAM

Answer: C) Flash

Explanation:

Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory, meaning it retains stored data even when power is removed. It is commonly used in USB drives, SSDs, memory cards, and embedded devices. Flash memory allows rapid read and write access and is durable compared to mechanical storage devices like HDDs. Non-volatility is a key feature, enabling persistent storage of operating system files, user data, and firmware.

Option A, DRAM (Dynamic RAM), is volatile memory that loses all data once power is cut. It is primarily used as the main system memory due to its high speed, but data persistence requires constant power refresh cycles.

Option B, SRAM (Static RAM), is also volatile memory. It does not require constant refresh like DRAM, but still loses data when power is removed. SRAM is mainly used for CPU caches due to its speed.

Option D, SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM), is a synchronized form of DRAM used for system memory. Like DRAM, it is volatile and loses data when power is removed.

Flash memory stores data using floating-gate transistors, allowing retention without power. Modern SSDs use NAND flash to provide fast access and durability for operating systems and applications. Flash has limited write cycles, but wear-leveling techniques extend lifespan. Its non-volatile nature allows reliable backup solutions, firmware storage, and portable memory devices.

Dynamic memory is used in computers to store data temporarily while the device is on. It keeps each bit in a tiny capacitor, which loses charge over time, so the data must be refreshed constantly. This makes it slower than some other types of memory, but it can store a lot of information at a low cost, so it is used as the main memory in most computers and devices.

Another type of memory is faster and does not need refreshing. It stores data using small circuits called latches, which keep the information as long as the power is on. Because it is very fast and reliable, it is used in processor caches and other areas where quick access to data is important. However, it is more expensive and takes more space, so it is used only for smaller amounts of memory.

There is also memory that keeps data even when the power is turned off. It stores information using special transistors that trap electrons. Some versions are good for storing large amounts of ddata like USB drives and solid-state drives, while others are better for storing programs in devices. This type can wear out after many write cycles, but modern techniques help it last longer.

A faster version of dynamic memory works in sync with the computer’s clock. This allows it to move data quickly and handle several instructions at once. Improved versions can transfer data twice as fast per clock cycle. This type is used as the main memory in modern computers because it is fast, efficient, and suitable for large amounts of data.

In short, temporary memory is cheap and can store a large amount,,s but needs refreshing. Fast memory is quick and reliable, le but expensive. Non-volatile memory keeps data without power and is used for storage, while synchronized memory is faster and used in modern computers for main memory. Each type of memory has a specific role depending on speed, cost, and whether the data should stay when the power is off.

In summary, Flash is non-volatile memory capable of retaining data without power, making option C correct. Unlike DRAM, SRAM, or SDRAM, it provides persistent storage suitable for modern computing needs.

Question 22:

Which of the following expansion cards is required to enable a computer to connect to a Wi-Fi network?

A) GPU
B) NIC
C) Wireless Adapter
D) Sound Card

Answer: C) Wireless Adapter

Explanation:

A wireless adapter is a device that enables computers to connect to wireless networks. It may be integrated into the motherboard or added as a PCIe or USB expansion card. Wireless adapters support Wi-Fi standards such as 802.11ac or 802.11ax and provide features like dual-band operation, encryption, and security protocols.

A Graphics Processing Unit, commonly called a GPU, is a specialized processor designed to handle graphics and visual computations. It is mainly used for rendering images, videos, and animations on a computer screen. Unlike a CPU, which handles general-purpose processing, the GPU is optimized for parallel processing, making it highly efficient at performing repetitive mathematical calculations required in graphics rendering. Modern GPUs are also used in tasks beyond graphics, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cryptocurrency mining, due to their ability to process multiple operations simultaneously. GPUs can be integrated into the motherboard or CPU, or exist as separate dedicated cards that provide higher performance. The performance of a GPU is measured in terms of its core speed, number of cores, memory size, and memory bandwidth, all of which determine how quickly and smoothly graphics and visual data are processed. By offloading graphics tasks from the CPU, a GPU not only improves visual performance but also frees the CPU to handle other computing tasks more efficiently.

A Network Interface Card, or NIC, is a hardware component that enables a computer to connect to a wired network, such as Ethernet. It provides the physical interface between the computer and the network, allowing data to be transmitted and received over network cables. NICs can be integrated into the motherboard or added as expansion cards, depending on the system. They are essential for communication in local area networks (LANs) and enterprise environments, where fast and reliable wired connections are required. NICs operate using unique identifiers called MAC addresses, which help in identifying devices on a network and managing data traffic. Modern NICs also support advanced features such as Wake-on-LAN, network booting, and offloading tasks like TCP/IP processing from the CPU to improve overall system performance. In addition to wired NICs, many systems now include integrated support for wireless networking, but the primary function of a traditional NIC remains reliable wired connectivity.

A Wireless Adapter is a device that allows computers or other digital devices to connect to wireless networks, such as Wi-Fi. Unlike a NIC, which requires a wired connection, a wireless adapter uses radio signals to communicate with a wireless access point or router. Wireless adapters can be built into the device or added externally via USB ports, PCIe slots, or other interfaces. They operate using specific wireless standards, such as 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax, which determine speed, range, and compatibility with other network devices. Wireless adapters are essential in environments where running cables is impractical, such as homes, offices, and public spaces. They provide mobility and convenience, allowing users to connect to the internet or local networks without being physically tethered. Security is an important aspect of wireless adapters, as they must support encryption protocols like WPA2 or WPA3 to protect data from unauthorized access. By enabling wireless communication, these adapters play a crucial role in modern networking and connectivity.

A Sound Card is a hardware component responsible for managing audio input and output in a computer. It converts digital data from the computer into analog signals that can be played through speakers or headphones, and also processes incoming audio from microphones or other devices. Sound cards can be integrated into the motherboard or exist as dedicated expansion cards, offering higher-quality audio, advanced features, and multiple input/output options. They are commonly used in multimedia applications, gaming, music production, and professional audio work where high-fidelity sound is required. Sound cards also support digital audio standards, surround sound, and audio effects that enhance the listening experience. By offloading audio processing from the CPU, a sound card ensures smoother performance in applications that require complex audio computations, providing clear, detailed, and immersive sound.

In summary, a GPU handles graphics and visual processing, significantly improving rendering and parallel computation tasks. A NIC provides wired network connectivity and manages data transmission in local networks. A wireless adapter enables devices to connect to Wi-Fi networks, offering mobility and convenience without cables. A sound card processes audio input and output, improving the quality and performance of multimedia applications. Each of these components plays a distinct role in a computer system, enhancing performance, connectivity, and user experience in its respective areas.

Wireless adapters convert digital data to radio signals and vice versa. Modern adapters support advanced security protocols like WPA2 and WPA3 to secure connections. Integrated Wi-Fi adapters are common in laptops, while desktops often require separate PCIe or USB adapters. They provide mobility and convenience, allowing devices to connect without cables.

In summary, a wireless adapter is required for Wi-Fi connectivity, making option C correct. It differs from NICs, GPUs, or sound cards, which serve other functions.

Question 23:

Which type of connector is commonly used for telephone lines?

A) RJ-45
B) RJ-11
C) USB-C
D) HDMI

Answer: B) RJ-11

Explanation:

RJ-11 connectors are standard for telephone lines, typically with four or six contacts, and are widely used in residential and business phone systems. They connect telephones, modems, and fax machines to the telephone network.

RJ-45 is a type of connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. It is designed to connect computers, routers, switches, and other network devices over wired local area networks (LANs). The RJ-45 connector has eight pins, which correspond to four twisted pairs of wires inside the Ethernet cable. These twisted pairs help reduce electromagnetic interference and allow high-speed data transmission. RJ-45 connectors support various Ethernet standards, including Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and 10-Gigabit Ethernet, each with increasing data transfer speeds. They are widely used in homes, offices, and data centers to establish stable and reliable network connections. The connector is designed to clip into Ethernet ports securely, preventing accidental disconnections while allowing easy removal when necessary. By providing a physical interface for wired networking, RJ-45 ensures consistent and high-speed connectivity, which is especially important for tasks that require large data transfers or low-latency connections.

RJ-11 is a smaller connector primarily used for telephone lines. It typically has four or six positions but uses only two or four wires for most telephone connections. RJ-11 connectors are commonly found in homes and offices to connect telephones, fax machines, and modems to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Unlike RJ-45, which is designed for high-speed data transmission, RJ-11 handles low-frequency analog signals suitable for voice communication. The connector is compact, making it suitable for residential and small business installations. RJ-11 also plays a role in DSL internet connections, where it carries digital data signals over existing telephone lines, allowing users to access broadband services without requiring separate cabling. While RJ-11 is largely limited to voice and low-speed data applications today, it remains a standard for legacy telephone systems and certain DSL networks.

USB-C, or Universal Serial Bus Type-C, is a modern, versatile connector designed to handle data transfer, power delivery, and video output through a single cable. Unlike older USB types, USB-C is reversible, meaning it can be plugged in either way, which enhances user convenience. It supports a wide range of protocols, including USB 3.1, USB 3.2, Thunderbolt 3, and DisplayPort, allowing high-speed data transfers, charging of laptops and smartphones, and connection to external monitors. USB-C has become increasingly common in modern devices such as laptops, smartphones, tablets, and peripherals because it can replace multiple cables with a single, standardized interface. Its ability to deliver high power, up to 100 watts in some implementations, makes it suitable for charging larger devices like laptops. USB-C also supports alternate modes, enabling video output to HDMI, DisplayPort, or VGA devices, further increasing its versatility. This connector has become the standard in modern computing due to its speed, power capabilities, and universal compatibility.

HDMI, or High-Definition Multimedia Interface, is a connector used to transmit high-quality digital audio and video signals between devices. HDMI is commonly used to connect televisions, monitors, projectors, gaming consoles, Blu-ray players, and computers. It supports high-definition video resolutions, multi-channel audio, and additional features like Ethernet over HDMI and Consumer Electronics Control (CEC), which allows devices to control each other. HDMI connectors come in various sizes, including standard, mini, and micro, catering to different devices from large TVs to small cameras. By transmitting both audio and video through a single cable, HDMI reduces clutter and simplifies connectivity compared to older analog connections such as VGA and RCA. HDMI supports multiple video formats, including 4K and 8K, and high dynamic range (HDR), ensuring vibrant, high-quality media output. It has become the standard interface for digital home entertainment systems and multimedia applications due to its ability to carry high-definition signals reliably and efficiently.

In summary, RJ-45 connectors provide wired network connectivity and support high-speed Ethernet communications. RJ-11 connectors are smaller, used primarily for telephone and low-speed DSL connections. USB-C is a modern, versatile connector capable of handling data, power, and video through a single reversible port. HDMI is designed for high-quality audio and video transmission between multimedia devices, simplifying digital connectivity. Each of these connectors plays a specific role in networking, telecommunications, computing, and entertainment, reflecting the technological requirements of their respective applications.

RJ-11 connectors are compatible with standard phone cables and support analog or digital phone systems. Their compact design and widespread adoption make them the standard for telephone connectivity. They are not interchangeable with RJ-45 due to physical and pinout differences.

Question 24:

Which tool is used to attach RJ-45 connectors to Ethernet cables?

A) Multimeter
B) Crimper
C) Cable tester
D) Loopback plug

Answer: B) Crimper

Explanation:

A crimper is used to attach RJ-45 connectors to Ethernet cables. It ensures proper alignment and a secure connection for reliable network communication. Crimpers can also be used for RJ-11 connectors for telephone cables.

A multimeter measures electrical properties such as voltage, current, and resistance, but it does not attach connectors, so it cannot be used for terminating network cables. A cable tester verifies connectivity and pin alignment, ensuring that the wires in a cable are correctly mapped, but it cannot physically attach RJ-45 connectors to the cable. A loopback plug is used to test network interfaces by looping signals back into the system, but it also does not attach connectors. Crimping, on the other hand, is the process of attaching an RJ-45 connector to a network cable. This involves stripping the cable jacket, arranging the individual wires according to T568A or T568B standards, inserting them into the connector, and compressing the pins to establish a secure electrical connection. Proper crimping ensures minimal signal loss, reliable network performance, and stable data transmission. Therefore, the crimper is the correct tool for attaching RJ-45 connectors, making option B the correct answer.

Question 25:

Which type of expansion card enables video output to monitors?

A) NIC
B) GPU
C) Sound Card
D) Modem

Answer: B) GPU

Explanation:

A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is an expansion card responsible for rendering images and video for display. Modern GPUs support 2D, 3D, and high-definition video, hardware acceleration for gaming, video editing, and compute-intensive tasks.

A Network Interface Card, or NIC, is a hardware component that allows a computer or other device to connect to a network. It provides the physical interface between the device and the network medium, whether it is wired, like Ethernet, or wireless, like Wi-Fi. NICs are responsible for transmitting and receiving data packets, managing network addresses using MAC addresses, and supporting various networking protocols. Some NICs come integrated into the motherboard, while others are separate expansion cards. They are essential for communication in local area networks (LANs) and enterprise environments, providing reliable and high-speed connectivity. Modern NICs often include advanced features such as offloading network processing from the CPU, supporting high-speed Gigabit or 10-Gigabit Ethernet, and enabling Wake-on-LAN functions. NICs play a critical role in networking, allowing devices to access the internet, share resources, and communicate efficiently.

A Graphics Processing Unit, or GPU, is a specialized processor designed to handle complex graphics calculations and rendering. It is optimized for parallel processing, which allows it to perform multiple calculations simultaneously, making it highly efficient for tasks involving images, videos, and animations. GPUs are widely used in gaming, multimedia, and professional applications like 3D modeling and video editing. Modern GPUs are also utilized in non-graphics tasks such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cryptocurrency mining, where large-scale parallel computations are required. GPUs can be integrated into the CPU or motherboard, known as integrated graphics, or exist as dedicated cards offering higher performance. The performance of a GPU is determined by factors such as core speed, number of cores, memory size, and memory bandwidth. By offloading graphics and parallel computation tasks from the CPU, GPUs enhance system performance and enable smoother visuals, making them indispensable for modern computing and gaming applications.

A Sound Card is a hardware component that manages audio input and output in a computer system. It converts digital data into analog signals that can be played through speakers or headphones and processes incoming audio from microphones or other sources. Sound cards can be built into the motherboard or exist as dedicated expansion cards that provide higher-quality audio, advanced features, and multiple input/output options. They are commonly used in gaming, multimedia, music production, and professional audio work, where high-fidelity sound is required. Sound cards also support digital audio standards, surround sound formats, and audio effects that enhance the listening experience. By handling audio processing separately from the CPU, sound cards improve system performance in applications that require complex audio computations. This makes them important for users who need superior sound quality, such as musicians, video editors, and gamers.

A Modem is a device that enables a computer or network to communicate over telephone lines, cable systems, or other types of data connections. Its name comes from “modulator-demodulator,” reflecting its role in converting digital signals from a computer into analog signals suitable for transmission and vice versa. Modems are used to connect to the internet, allowing users to send and receive data over long distances. Traditional dial-up modems use telephone lines, while modern broadband modems support high-speed connections over DSL, cable, or fiber-optic networks. Modems often include additional functions such as routing, firewall protection, and Wi-Fi capabilities. While modems are essential for establishing internet connectivity, they are not responsible for graphics processing or multimedia tasks.

In summary, a NIC allows network connectivity, a sound card handles audio processing, and a modem enables internet communication, while a GPU is specialized for graphics and parallel computation tasks. The GPU is essential for rendering images, videos, and animations, as well as performing advanced computations for AI and gaming applications. Unlike the other components, it directly enhances visual and computational performance, making it the correct answer in scenarios where graphics and high-performance parallel processing are required. Each of these components has a distinct role in a computer system, supporting networking, multimedia, or internet access, but the GPU is uniquely designed for handling visual and computational workloads efficiently.

GPUs come in integrated and dedicated forms. Dedicated GPUs have their own memory and processing power, improving performance for demanding applications. Integrated GPUs share system memory and are suitable for basic tasks. GPU output connectors include HDMI, DisplayPort, DVI, and VGA.

In summary, the expansion card that enables video output is a GPU, making option B correct.

Question 26:

Which of the following storage types is fastest for reading and writing data?

A) HDD
B) SSD
C) Optical Disc
D) Tape Drive

Answer: B) SSD

Explanation:

Solid-State Drives (SSDs) are the fastest storage medium compared to traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), optical discs, or tape drives. SSDs use NAND flash memory to store data electronically, eliminating moving parts found in HDDs. This results in significantly faster read and write speeds, lower latency, and reduced access time. SSDs can achieve speeds of 500 MB/s to several GB/s depending on the interface, such as SATA, PCIe, or NVMe.

Option A, HDDs, use spinning magnetic platters and a mechanical read/write head to access data. While HDDs offer large capacities at a lower cost, their mechanical nature makes them slower and more prone to failure due to moving parts. A Hard Disk Drive, or HDD, is a traditional storage device that uses spinning magnetic disks, called platters, to store digital data. Data is read and written using a magnetic head that moves across the platters as they spin at high speeds. HDDs offer large storage capacities at relatively low cost, making them ideal for storing operating systems, applications, and large files. However, because they rely on mechanical parts, HDDs are slower in data access compared to solid-state storage, and they are more prone to physical damage from shocks or drops. HDDs have been a standard storage solution in personal computers, servers, and data centers for decades due to their cost-effectiveness and ability to provide terabytes of storage in a single drive.

A Solid State Drive, or SSD, is a modern storage device that uses flash memory to store data electronically, without any moving parts. This allows SSDs to offer much faster read and write speeds compared to HDDs, reducing system boot times and application load times significantly. SSDs are more durable and resistant to physical shock since they do not rely on mechanical components. They also consume less power, making them ideal for laptops and portable devices. SSDs can come in various form factors, including 2.5-inch drives, M.2, and PCIe NVMe drives, each providing different performance levels. While SSDs are generally more expensive per gigabyte than HDDs, their speed, reliability, and energy efficiency have made them the preferred choice for high-performance computing, gaming, and professional applications.

An Optical Disc, such as a CD, DVD, or Blu-ray, is a removable storage medium that stores data in the form of pits and lands on a reflective surface. Data is read and written using a laser in an optical drive. Optical discs are widely used for distributing software, media content, and backups, although their popularity has declined with the rise of flash storage and cloud services. CDs typically store around 700 MB, DVDs up to 4.7 GB (single-layer), and Blu-ray discs up to 25 GB or more per layer. Optical discs offer a convenient way to archive data or share media, but they are slower in access speed compared to HDDs and SSDs, and they are more susceptible to scratches and damage that can result in data loss.

A Tape Drive is a storage device that uses magnetic tape to store large amounts of data sequentially. Tape drives are primarily used for archival and backup purposes, especially in enterprise environments where long-term storage of massive datasets is required. Tape storage offers high capacity at a relatively low cost per gigabyte and has excellent longevity if stored properly. However, because tape is sequential-access storage, retrieving specific files can be slower compared to random-access storage devices like HDDs or SSDs. Tape drives are often part of automated tape libraries in data centers, where robotic systems manage large numbers of tapes efficiently. Despite being considered an older technology, tape drives remain relevant for backup, disaster recovery, and archival storage due to their reliability and cost-effectiveness.

In summary, HDDs are mechanical drives that provide large capacity at low cost but with slower performance, while SSDs are flash-based, faster, more durable, and energy-efficient. Optical discs are removable media suitable for distributing software, media, or backups, but have limited capacity and slower access. Tape drives are sequential storage devices used for archival and backup in enterprise environments, offering high capacity and reliability but slower random access. Each of these storage technologies serves a specific role, balancing performance, cost, durability, and capacity based on the intended application, from everyday computing to professional archival and data center use.

Option C, optical discs (CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray), use laser technology to read and write data. Optical drives are considerably slower than both SSDs and HDDs and have limited storage capacity.

Option D, tape drives, are used primarily for long-term backups and archival purposes. Tape drives offer large storage capacity but extremely slow access times and are unsuitable for frequent read/write operations.

SSDs provide immediate data access and faster boot times for operating systems, as well as rapid application loading. Modern NVMe SSDs connected via PCIe interfaces achieve even higher bandwidth, leveraging multiple lanes to transfer data simultaneously. SSD durability is higher due to the lack of mechanical parts, though they do have limited write cycles, which can be mitigated using wear-leveling technologies.

In addition to speed, SSDs improve overall system responsiveness and multitasking performance. They are essential for gaming, media production, virtual machines, and enterprise workloads requiring high input/output operations per second (IOPS).

In summary, SSDs are the fastest storage option for reading and writing data, making option B correct. They outperform HDDs, optical discs, and tape drives in speed, reliability, and system responsiveness.

Question 27:

Which component is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations in a CPU?

A) Control Unit
B) ALU
C) Cache
D) FPU

Answer: B) ALU

Explanation:

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is a core component of a CPU that executes all arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as logical operations like AND, OR, NOT, and XOR. It is the central execution unit that handles computations and decision-making processes within the processor.

Option A, the Control Unit, directs the flow of data and instructions between CPU components but does not perform calculations. It fetches instructions, decodes them, and signals the ALU and other components to execute tasks.

Option C, cache, is high-speed memory that stores frequently accessed data and instructions to reduce latency, but it does not perform operations.

Option D, FPU (Floating Point Unit), performs specialized mathematical calculations with floating-point numbers. While it complements the ALU for complex computations, the ALU handles all basic arithmetic and logical operations.

The ALU operates in conjunction with registers, which temporarily store operands and results, and the Control Unit, which ensures instructions are executed in sequence. Modern CPUs integrate multiple ALUs and FPUs for parallel processing and higher performance. Some CPUs also support SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instructions, allowing one ALU to operate on multiple data points simultaneously.

Efficient ALU operation is critical for performance in tasks such as calculations, comparisons, and decision-making in software programs. For example, gaming, simulations, and data processing rely heavily on ALU throughput.

In summary, the ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU, making option B correct. While the Control Unit manages execution and FPUs handle floating-point operations, the ALU handles the essential computational core functions.

Question 28

Which type of network topology uses a central device to manage all data transmission?

A) Ring
B) Mesh
C) Star
D) Bus

Answer: C) Star

Explanation:

In a star topology, all devices connect to a central device, typically a switch or hub, which manages data transmission. Each device communicates directly with the central device, which then forwards the data to the intended recipient. This topology is widely used in modern Ethernet networks because it is easy to install, troubleshoot, and expand.

Option A, ring topology, circularly connects devices. Data travels sequentially through each device until reaching its destination. While it ensures equal access, a single device failure can disrupt the network.

Option B, mesh topology, connects every device to every other device. Mesh provides redundancy and fault tolerance but requires more cabling and is complex to implement.

Option D, bus topology, uses a single backbone cable to which all devices are connected. It is simple and cost-effective but suffers from congestion and a single point of failure.

Star topology improves fault isolation because a failure in one device does not affect others. If the central device fails, the entire network is disrupted, but modern switches with redundancy can mitigate this risk. Star topology also allows for easier bandwidth management, as each device has a dedicated connection to the central switch, minimizing collisions.

In summary, the star topology, with a central device managing all data transmissions, is widely used due to its simplicity, fault isolation, and scalability, making option C correct.

Question 29:

Which wireless standard operates in the 5 GHz band and supports high throughput?

A) 802.11b
B) 802.11g
C) 802.11n
D) 802.11ac

Answer: D) 802.11ac

Explanation:

802.11ac, also known as Wi-Fi 5, operates primarily in the 5 GHz band and provides high-speed wireless connectivity. It supports higher throughput compared to previous standards due to wider channels (up to 160 MHz), advanced modulation (256-QAM), and Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) technology.

Option A, 802.11b, operates on 2.4 GHz and supports up to 11 Mbps, making it slow and susceptible to interference.

Option B, 802.11g, also operates on 2.4 GHz with speeds up to 54 Mbps but lacks modern enhancements.

Option C, 802.11n, can operate on both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz and reaches up to 600 Mbps with MIMO, but is slower than 802.11ac.

802.11ac improves Wi-Fi performance in high-density environments by allowing simultaneous communication with multiple devices and reducing congestion. Beamforming directs the Wi-Fi signal toward clients, improving coverage and signal quality. This makes it ideal for streaming, gaming, and large office networks.

In summary, 802.11ac is the 5 GHz standard supporting high throughput, making option D correct. It outperforms older standards like 802.11b/g/n in speed, range, and efficiency.

Question 30:

Which tool is used to verify the integrity of network cabling?

A) Loopback plug
B) Multimeter
C) Cable tester
D) Crimper

Answer: C) Cable tester

Explanation:

A cable tester is a device used to verify the integrity of network cabling. It checks continuity, wiring configuration, shorts, open circuits, and miswiring in Ethernet cables. Cable testers are essential for network installation and troubleshooting, ensuring reliable connectivity.

Option A, loopback plug, tests network interface cards by looping transmitted signals back to the device, but does not test cabling integrity.

Option B, a multimeter, can measure voltage and resistance, but is not optimized for checking multiple cable pairs quickly.

Option D, crimper, attaches connectors to cables but does not verify proper wiring or continuity.

Advanced cable testers also include tone generators for tracing cables through walls and identifying specific pairs. They ensure adherence to standards like T568A or T568B, preventing future network issues. Proper testing reduces downtime, improves performance, and confirms installation quality.

In summary, the tool used to verify network cabling integrity is a cable tester, making option C correct. It ensures proper connectivity and reduces troubleshooting time compared to other tools.

Question 31:

Which type of expansion card is used to improve audio output quality for speakers and headphones?

A) NIC
B) GPU
C) Sound Card
D) Capture Card

Answer: C) Sound Card

Explanation:

A sound card is an expansion card that processes and outputs audio signals to speakers, headphones, or other audio devices. Sound cards convert digital audio data from the computer into analog signals for playback, improving clarity, depth, and overall audio quality. They also support multiple audio channels, surround sound, and advanced effects for gaming, music production, and multimedia applications.

Option A, NIC (Network Interface Card), handles network traffic and connectivity and does not process audio.

Option B, GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), renders graphics and visual content but has no role in audio output.

Option D,   capture card, is primarily used to record or stream video and sometimes audio, but does not enhance audio output quality directly.

Sound cards can be integrated into the motherboard (onboard audio) or added as dedicated expansion cards to achieve superior audio fidelity. Dedicated sound cards often include higher-quality digital-to-analog converters (DACs), better signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and support for professional audio standards. They are essential for content creators, musicians, and gamers seeking enhanced sound performance.

Additionally, sound cards may support MIDI input/output for musical instruments, audio sampling, and effects processing. Modern systems often leverage onboard audio solutions, which are sufficient for general use, but dedicated cards provide reduced latency and higher audio precision.

In summary, the expansion card used to improve audio output quality is a sound card, making option C correct. NICs, GPUs, and capture cards serve entirely different functions related to networking, video, or recording.

Question 32:

Which type of connector is typically used for HDMI video and audio connections?

A) RJ-45
B) USB-A
C) HDMI
D) DisplayPort

Answer: C) HDMI

Explanation:

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is the standard connector for transmitting both high-definition video and audio over a single cable. HDMI supports digital video and audio, ensuring signal quality is maintained across varying distances without analog interference. It is widely used in monitors, TVs, laptops, and gaming consoles.

Option A, RJ-45, is an Ethernet connector used for networking and cannot transmit video or audio signals.

Option B, USB-A, transfers data and power but is not primarily designed for high-definition video/audio transmission. USB-C may support video via DisplayPort Alt Mode, but USB-A does not.

Option D, DisplayPort, also transmits high-definition video and audio, but is a different standard primarily used in professional monitors or workstations. While capable, HDMI remains the universal standard for consumer electronics and multimedia connections.

HDMI supports resolutions up to 8K, HDR (High Dynamic Range), multi-channel audio, and advanced features like CEC (Consumer Electronics Control) and ARC (Audio Return Channel). Its digital nature prevents signal degradation and provides a simple single-cable solution for audio-video transmission.

In summary, the correct connector for HDMI video and audio transmission is HDMI itself, making option C correct. Other connectors serve different functions, such as networking or general data transfer.

Question 33:

Which component provides temporary storage for data that the CPU is actively using?

A) SSD
B) RAM
C) ROM
D) Hard Drive

Answer: B) RAM

Explanation:

RAM (Random Access Memory) provides temporary, volatile storage for data actively used by the CPU. It allows rapid read and write access, enabling programs to execute quickly. RAM is essential for multitasking, application performance, and system responsiveness.

Option A, SSD, provides non-volatile storage for long-term data retention but cannot match the speed of RAM.

Option C, ROM (Read-Only Memory), contains permanent instructions, such as firmware, and cannot be rewritten during normal operation.

Option D, Hard Drives (HDDs), store large volumes of data long-term but have slower access times compared to RAM.

RAM stores operating system components, active applications, and frequently accessed data, reducing the need to access slower secondary storage. DDR4 and DDR5 RAM modules offer high speeds, low latency, and increased bandwidth to support modern computing demands. Efficient RAM management ensures smooth multitasking and prevents bottlenecks in CPU processing.

In summary, RAM provides temporary storage for actively used data by the CPU, making option B correct. SSDs, ROM, and HDDs serve long-term storage or firmware purposes rather than fast temporary access.

Question 34:

Which tool is used to check for power at an electrical outlet?

A) Crimper
B) Cable Tester
C) Multimeter
D) Loopback Plug

Answer: C) Multimeter

Explanation:

A multimeter is used to measure electrical properties, including voltage at an outlet. It allows technicians to verify that outlets provide the correct voltage and are functioning safely. Multimeters can also measure current, resistance, and continuity in circuits.

Option A, crimper, is used to attach connectors to cables and does not measure voltage.

Option B, cable tester, checks network cable integrity but cannot measure electrical power.

Option D, loopback plug, tests network ports by looping signals back into the device, but does not measure electrical outlets.

Proper use of a multimeter involves selecting the correct measurement mode, connecting probes safely, and observing readings. Testing outlets prevents equipment damage, confirms safety standards, and identifies faulty wiring. Multimeters are essential tools for IT technicians, electricians, and hardware professionals.

In summary, the tool used to check power at an outlet is a multimeter, making option C correct. Other tools perform entirely different functions unrelated to voltage measurement.

Question 35:

Which expansion card allows a computer to connect to a wired network?

A) NIC
B) GPU
C) Sound Card
D) Capture Card

Answer: A) NIC

Explanation:

A Network Interface Card (NIC) enables a computer to connect to a wired network using Ethernet cables. It handles data transmission and reception, MAC addressing, and network protocols, allowing computers to communicate within local networks or with the Internet.

Option B, GPU, renders graphics but does not manage network connectivity.

Option C, Sound Card, processes audio signals and does not connect to networks.

Option D, Capture Card, records video/audio but does not provide wired network access.

NICs can be integrated into the motherboard or installed as expansion cards (PCIe or USB). Modern NICs support high-speed Ethernet standards such as 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps, and beyond. They also offer features like Wake-on-LAN, VLAN support, and TCP offloading to improve network performance. Proper installation and configuration ensure reliable communication and connectivity for home or enterprise networks.

In summary, a NIC is the expansion card that allows wired network connectivity, making option A correct. GPUs, sound cards, and capture cards do not serve networking functions.