CompTIA CV0-004 Cloud+ Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 10 Q181-200

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Question 181 

Which cloud service model provides virtualized infrastructure resources, leaving operating system and application management to the user?

A) IaaS
B) PaaS
C) SaaS
D) DaaS

Answer:  A) IaaS

Explanation:

IaaS, or Infrastructure as a Service, delivers fundamental computing resources over the cloud such as virtual machines, storage, networking, and other low-level infrastructure components. This model allows users to provision and control computing resources without worrying about the underlying physical hardware. Users are responsible for managing the operating system, middleware, runtime environments, and applications. The provider handles the hardware, virtualization layer, and network infrastructure, ensuring scalability, redundancy, and maintenance without user involvement. This approach provides organizations with high flexibility, control, and customization of their environments while reducing physical hardware overhead.

PaaS, or Platform as a Service, differs significantly from IaaS because it abstracts much of the underlying infrastructure. PaaS provides developers with a managed platform that includes runtime environments, middleware, development frameworks, and application hosting services. Users focus on writing and deploying code rather than managing servers or operating systems. The infrastructure details are hidden, so while PaaS simplifies development, it offers less control over the environment than IaaS.

SaaS, or Software as a Service, delivers fully functional applications over the internet. End users access these applications through a web browser or thin client, with all infrastructure, platform, and software management handled by the provider. Users do not need to worry about software updates, patching, or server management. SaaS removes all responsibilities for managing operating systems and infrastructure, making it suitable for organizations that want ready-to-use software but limiting customization and control over the computing environment.

DaaS, or Desktop as a Service, provides virtual desktop environments hosted in the cloud. While it abstracts some aspects of infrastructure management for users, it does not provide full infrastructure resources for hosting custom applications or operating systems. DaaS focuses on delivering desktop access rather than general-purpose computing infrastructure.

The correct answer is IaaS because it allows organizations to provision and control virtualized infrastructure resources while leaving operating system, middleware, and application management in the hands of the user. IaaS combines flexibility and control, making it ideal for organizations that require customizable environments but want to avoid physical hardware management.

Question 182 

Which cloud computing model allows developers to focus solely on code deployment without managing servers?

A) IaaS
B) PaaS
C) Serverless Computing
D) SaaS

Answer: C) Serverless Computing

Explanation:

IaaS provides virtualized servers and infrastructure, but developers are responsible for configuring the operating system, runtime, and deployment environment. While IaaS allows flexibility and control, it still requires users to manage servers, which can be time-consuming and complex. Users need to handle patching, scaling, and maintenance, which diverts attention from actual application logic.

PaaS abstracts the infrastructure and provides a managed platform for development. Developers can focus more on writing and deploying applications because the platform handles server provisioning, runtime, and scaling. However, developers still manage deployment processes, app configuration, and often some aspects of runtime scaling, so the infrastructure is not entirely invisible.

Serverless Computing allows developers to write and deploy code functions without provisioning or managing any servers. The cloud provider handles the execution environment, scaling, availability, and server maintenance. Functions are triggered by events such as HTTP requests, file uploads, or database changes. This event-driven architecture ensures that developers can focus exclusively on the business logic and functionality of their code rather than operational overhead. Serverless platforms automatically scale based on demand, optimizing resource usage and cost.

SaaS provides fully managed applications to end users and does not allow developers to deploy custom code functions directly. Users only consume the application services, and there is no environment for deploying code independently.

The correct answer is Serverless Computing because it abstracts all infrastructure, runtime, and scaling concerns, allowing developers to focus entirely on coding and event-driven execution. It provides maximum operational simplicity and efficiency in modern application development.

Question 183 

Which cloud deployment model combines private infrastructure with public cloud resources to provide flexibility and cost efficiency?

A) Public Cloud
B) Private Cloud
C) Hybrid Cloud
D) Community Cloud

Answer: C) Hybrid Cloud

Explanation:

Public Cloud refers to shared infrastructure provided over the internet, where resources are available to multiple users on a pay-as-you-go model. Public clouds are scalable and cost-efficient, but they do not allow organizations to control sensitive workloads locally, which may create compliance or security concerns.

Private Cloud is a dedicated infrastructure for a single organization. It offers maximum control, security, and customization. However, private clouds are expensive to build and maintain, and scaling can be limited compared to public cloud resources. Organizations may struggle to accommodate sudden workload spikes without significant investment.

Hybrid Cloud integrates private infrastructure with public cloud resources. Organizations can keep sensitive or critical workloads on-premises or in a private cloud while offloading variable or non-sensitive workloads to the public cloud. This combination provides flexibility, scalability, disaster recovery, and cost optimization. Hybrid models allow dynamic workload placement, balancing security, control, and operational efficiency.

Community Cloud shares infrastructure among multiple organizations with similar compliance or regulatory requirements. While it reduces costs compared to private clouds and ensures collaboration, it does not inherently combine private and public resources in a flexible, hybrid manner.

The correct answer is Hybrid Cloud because it provides the advantages of both private and public cloud models, including security, flexibility, and cost efficiency, allowing organizations to optimize their workload distribution based on sensitivity and demand.

Question 184

Which cloud security control encrypts data to prevent unauthorized reading during transit or at rest?

A) MFA
B) Encryption
C) RBAC
D) Firewall

Answer: B) Encryption

Explanation:

MFA, or Multi-Factor Authentication, strengthens identity verification by requiring multiple forms of authentication, such as passwords and tokens. While MFA protects accounts from unauthorized access, it does not encrypt or protect the actual data content in transit or at rest.

Encryption converts plaintext data into unreadable ciphertext using cryptographic algorithms and keys. Only authorized users with the correct decryption key can access the original data. Encryption applies to both data stored on disks and data transmitted over networks, ensuring confidentiality and preventing unauthorized access or interception. It is one of the primary mechanisms for data security in cloud environments.

RBAC, or Role-Based Access Control, restricts access to resources based on user roles and permissions. While RBAC helps enforce security policies, it does not transform data into a protected format or prevent unauthorized reading of intercepted or stored data.

Firewalls monitor and filter network traffic to protect against unauthorized access or attacks. Although essential for perimeter security, firewalls do not encrypt data. Data could still be intercepted in transit if encryption is not used.

The correct answer is encryption because it directly protects the confidentiality of data, ensuring that unauthorized parties cannot read sensitive information either in storage or during transmission, complementing access controls and network protections.

Question 185 

Which cloud backup strategy maintains copies of data continuously in near real-time at a secondary site?

A) Full Backup
B) Incremental Backup
C) Differential Backup
D) Continuous Replication

Answer: D) Continuous Replication

Explanation:

Full Backup captures all data at scheduled intervals, such as daily or weekly. While it provides a complete copy of the system, it cannot guarantee protection for data created or modified between backups. Recovery time and potential data loss depend on the frequency of full backups.

Incremental Backup stores only changes since the last backup, reducing storage requirements compared to full backups. However, data between incremental snapshots is still vulnerable, and recovery requires restoring multiple incremental backups, which can be time-consuming and complex.

Differential Backup saves all changes since the last full backup. This provides faster restoration compared to incremental backups but still does not synchronize data in real-time. Any data created after the last differential backup could be lost in the event of a failure.

Continuous Replication ensures data is copied in near real-time to a secondary location. It minimizes the risk of data loss because changes are propagated immediately or almost immediately after they occur. This strategy supports high availability, disaster recovery, and business continuity. Unlike traditional backup methods, continuous replication ensures that both primary and secondary sites remain synchronized at all times, allowing near-instantaneous recovery.

The correct answer is Continuous Replication because it provides near real-time protection, maintaining up-to-date copies of data, which is critical for mission-critical workloads and minimizing downtime in disaster scenarios.

Question 186 

Which cloud storage type organizes data as objects with metadata and unique identifiers, ideal for large volumes of unstructured data?

A) Block Storage
B) File Storage
C) Object Storage
D) Cold Storage

Answer: C) Object Storage

Explanation:

Block Storage divides data into fixed-size blocks and stores them as separate pieces, typically for high-performance applications such as databases or transactional workloads. Each block can be individually addressed and manipulated, which provides fast read/write performance and flexibility for structured data. However, Block Storage lacks inherent metadata organization, making it less suitable for managing large volumes of unstructured data such as multimedia files, logs, and archives. It is optimized for low-latency I/O operations but does not scale as efficiently for large-scale, unstructured datasets.

File Storage, on the other hand, organizes data hierarchically into files and directories, similar to traditional file systems. This approach allows easy sharing, collaborative access, and structured organization, which makes it ideal for scenarios where users frequently access and modify files. File Storage is widely used in enterprise environments, NAS (Network Attached Storage) systems, and shared drive solutions. However, while convenient for structured data and collaborative workloads, File Storage can face performance bottlenecks and management challenges when dealing with extremely large unstructured datasets at scale.

Object Storage takes a fundamentally different approach. It stores data as discrete objects, each with its own metadata and a globally unique identifier. This allows efficient management of massive volumes of unstructured data, from multimedia content to large log files, backups, and archives. Object Storage offers built-in durability, redundancy, and scalability by design. Because each object carries its own metadata, searching, retrieving, and managing content becomes more flexible than with block or file systems. Furthermore, Object Storage is often integrated with cloud-native services and APIs, enabling automated workflows and cost-effective storage scaling.

Cold Storage refers to storage solutions optimized for infrequently accessed archival data. While it provides durability and cost efficiency for long-term retention, it is not intended for active workloads or real-time access. Cold Storage is ideal for compliance archives, historical records, or large datasets that are rarely needed. The correct answer is Object Storage because it efficiently manages vast quantities of unstructured data, provides metadata-driven retrieval, and scales seamlessly for active workloads, which neither Block Storage nor File Storage can handle as effectively at cloud scale.

Question 187 

Which cloud computing model delivers fully managed software applications to end users, removing infrastructure and platform responsibilities?

A) IaaS
B) PaaS
C) SaaS
D) DaaS

Answer: C) SaaS

Explanation:

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) provides virtualized computing resources such as servers, storage, and networking. While it abstracts physical hardware management, users are still responsible for managing operating systems, middleware, and applications. This makes IaaS suitable for organizations that need control over their environment but not ideal for users seeking ready-to-use applications without administrative overhead.

PaaS (Platform as a Service) delivers a managed development environment, offering runtime, frameworks, and tools for application deployment. PaaS eliminates the need to manage infrastructure but does not provide fully ready-to-use end-user applications. Developers use PaaS to build, test, and deploy applications faster, but end users still require software to be created and deployed on the platform.

SaaS (Software as a Service) provides complete applications over the internet, fully managed by the provider. Users do not handle infrastructure, platform maintenance, updates, or security. SaaS solutions, such as email, CRM, or office productivity suites, allow immediate access and usage via browsers or thin clients. Providers handle patching, scaling, and backend operations, freeing users from technical responsibilities.

DaaS (Desktop as a Service) delivers virtual desktops to end users but is focused on desktop environments rather than general application access. It does not offer a wide range of ready-to-use applications like SaaS. The correct answer is SaaS because it abstracts all operational management, enabling users to access fully functional applications without needing to manage underlying systems or platforms.

Question 188 

Which cloud networking technology improves application performance by caching content near end users?

A) VPN
B) SD-WAN
C) CDN
D) DNS

Answer: C) CDN

Explanation:

VPN (Virtual Private Network) establishes secure connections across public networks, encrypting traffic between endpoints. While it enhances privacy and security, it does not inherently improve content delivery performance, as data still traverses potentially long distances without caching optimizations.

SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) optimizes WAN connections by routing traffic over multiple links based on performance metrics. It enhances network reliability and can reduce latency within corporate networks, but it does not cache content closer to users to reduce access times.

CDN (Content Delivery Network) caches static and dynamic content on geographically distributed edge servers. This reduces the physical distance between users and content, lowers latency, improves load times, and reduces traffic on origin servers. CDNs are particularly effective for websites, media streaming, and global application delivery.

DNS (Domain Name System) translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses. While DNS is crucial for routing users to servers, it does not cache or accelerate content delivery. The correct answer is CDN because it is specifically designed to distribute content across multiple locations, improving performance and user experience on a global scale.

Question 189 

Which cloud backup type stores only changes since the last full backup, simplifying recovery while using moderate storage?

A) Full Backup
B) Incremental Backup
C) Differential Backup
D) Continuous Replication

Answer: C) Differential Backup

Explanation:

Full Backup copies all data to storage, ensuring a complete, standalone snapshot for recovery. It guarantees maximum recovery simplicity but consumes significant storage and takes longer to complete, which can impact performance and efficiency.

Incremental Backup captures only the data that has changed since the last backup of any type. It reduces storage and backup time compared to full backups. However, restoring data requires the last full backup and all subsequent incremental backups, making recovery more complex and potentially slower.

Differential Backup stores all changes made since the last full backup. This balances storage efficiency and recovery speed because restoring requires only the last full backup and the most recent differential backup. Differential backups grow larger over time but simplify recovery compared to incremental backups.

Continuous Replication involves real-time data duplication across systems, providing immediate failover. While excellent for minimizing data loss, it differs from snapshot-based backup methods and is not used primarily for traditional recovery operations. The correct answer is Differential Backup because it provides a practical compromise between storage usage and ease of restoration, ensuring faster recovery than incremental methods while avoiding the heavy storage burden of full backups.

Question 190 

Which cloud feature replicates workloads across multiple regions to maintain service continuity in the event of a regional outage?

A) Cold Storage
B) Geo-Redundant Backup
C) Local RAID
D) Incremental Backup

Answer: B) Geo-Redundant Backup

Explanation:

Cold Storage is intended for long-term archival storage and cost savings. It is not designed to provide active replication or high availability for ongoing workloads, making it unsuitable for ensuring continuity during regional failures.

Geo-Redundant Backup duplicates data and workloads across multiple geographically separated regions. In the event of a regional outage, services can fail over to alternate locations, maintaining availability and minimizing downtime. Geo-redundancy protects against regional disasters such as natural events, power outages, or network failures, making it essential for critical business continuity planning.

Local RAID protects against hardware failures at a single site by storing redundant copies across drives. While RAID improves reliability for localized storage, it cannot protect against regional outages or disasters affecting the entire data center.

Incremental Backup captures changes since the last backup, but typically stores data in a single location. While efficient for storage, it does not inherently provide multi-region replication or resilience against regional disruptions. The correct answer is Geo-Redundant Backup because it ensures continuity and resilience by replicating data and workloads across multiple regions, maintaining operations even if a primary site is compromised.

Question 191 

Which cloud feature allows multiple tenants to securely share the same physical infrastructure while maintaining logical separation?

A) Public Cloud
B) Multi-tenancy
C) Private Cloud
D) Hybrid Cloud

Answer: B) Multi-tenancy

Explanation:

Public Cloud refers to a computing environment where services are offered over the internet to multiple customers on shared infrastructure. While it provides scalability and cost efficiency, it does not necessarily guarantee strict logical separation between tenants. Users share the underlying resources, and security and isolation depend on the provider’s implementation. This means that although multiple organizations may operate in the same environment, without proper design, one tenant’s activities could potentially impact another’s operations or access to data.

Private Cloud is an environment dedicated to a single organization. It provides enhanced control over security, compliance, and customization because the infrastructure is not shared with any other entity. However, because it is designed for exclusive use, it does not support multiple tenants. Private clouds are more resource-intensive and expensive to operate compared to shared environments because the organization bears the full cost of infrastructure.

Hybrid Cloud combines private and public cloud environments to provide flexibility, allowing workloads to move between them based on requirements. While it can offer some of the advantages of both public and private clouds, hybrid cloud itself is not inherently a multi-tenant design. It focuses more on integrating different deployment models to optimize workload placement rather than isolating multiple tenants within a single infrastructure.

Multi-tenancy, on the other hand, is a design principle specifically created for efficient resource sharing. It enables multiple users or organizations to coexist on the same infrastructure while maintaining logical isolation, ensuring privacy and security. Each tenant has the perception of a dedicated environment, even though the physical resources are shared. This model allows cloud providers to optimize utilization, reduce costs, and maintain secure, segregated operations for all tenants. The correct answer is Multi-tenancy because it directly addresses the need for secure sharing without compromising isolation or performance.

Question 192 

Which cloud disaster recovery site type is the most cost-effective but requires significant time to become operational?

A) Cold Site
B) Warm Site
C) Hot Site
D) Backup Tapes

Answer:  A) Cold Site

Explanation:

Cold Sites are disaster recovery facilities that provide the essential infrastructure needed to recover from a disaster, such as power, network connectivity, and physical space, but they do not include pre-installed hardware or software. This makes cold sites the most cost-effective option among disaster recovery sites because the organization only pays for the physical facility and basic services. However, because the systems are not pre-configured, significant time and effort are required to install equipment, load applications, and restore data before operations can resume.

Warm Sites are a compromise between cost and readiness. They include partially configured hardware and pre-installed software, enabling organizations to recover systems faster than cold sites. However, warm sites are more expensive than cold sites due to the need for ongoing maintenance and periodic testing to ensure the environment is functional. Recovery from a warm site is faster but still slower than a hot site.

Hot Sites are fully operational duplicates of production systems, including servers, storage, applications, and network configurations. They allow near-instantaneous failover in the event of a disaster, minimizing downtime and potential data loss. However, the cost of maintaining a hot site is significantly higher than a cold or warm site because it requires continuous synchronization, testing, and maintenance to keep it operational.

Backup Tapes provide offline data storage. They are inexpensive but do not provide a ready-to-use environment for disaster recovery. While useful for data retention, relying solely on tapes means that an organization must provision and configure hardware separately, which prolongs recovery time. The correct answer is Cold Site because it offers the most cost-effective disaster recovery solution despite requiring considerable time to become fully operational, balancing affordability with basic preparedness.

Question 193 

Which cloud security measure controls access based on user roles and permissions?

A) MFA
B) RBAC
C) Firewall
D) Encryption

Answer: B) RBAC

Explanation:

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) enhances security by requiring users to provide multiple verification factors before granting access. While MFA strengthens authentication and helps prevent unauthorized access, it does not control what a user can do once access is granted. It focuses solely on identity verification rather than defining permissions based on roles or responsibilities.

Firewalls regulate network traffic by filtering inbound and outbound connections according to predefined rules. They are effective at preventing unauthorized network access but do not determine what resources or applications an authenticated user may access. Firewalls protect the network perimeter but do not provide granular access control for internal resources.

Encryption secures data at rest and in transit, ensuring that information cannot be read or modified by unauthorized parties. While encryption is critical for confidentiality and data integrity, it does not manage user privileges or access policies. It protects information but does not define or enforce role-based access.

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) assigns permissions to users based on their roles within an organization. Each role has a set of privileges that determine what operations can be performed on resources. RBAC simplifies access management by grouping users with similar responsibilities and ensures that users only have the minimum necessary permissions. This approach enforces the principle of least privilege and enhances both security and compliance. The correct answer is RBAC because it directly governs access according to defined roles, making it a fundamental cloud security control for managing permissions.

Question 194 

Which cloud feature provides near-real-time insights into application performance and user experience?

A) CPU Monitor
B) Bandwidth Monitor
C) Application Performance Monitoring (APM)
D) SSL Certificate Tracker

Answer: C) Application Performance Monitoring (APM)

Explanation:

CPU Monitors track the usage of processor resources on servers or virtual machines. While they can indicate whether a system is overloaded or underutilized, they do not provide detailed information about application behavior, response times, or user experience. CPU monitoring alone is insufficient for diagnosing performance issues at the application level.

Bandwidth Monitors observe the flow of network traffic, helping administrators understand throughput and detect congestion. While network metrics are valuable, bandwidth monitoring does not provide insights into how applications perform internally, such as transaction times, database queries, or end-user response. It is focused primarily on the network layer rather than the application layer.

SSL Certificate Trackers monitor the validity and expiration of digital certificates used for securing communications. These tools help maintain compliance and prevent service interruptions due to expired certificates but do not provide performance analytics for applications or user interactions. They are focused on security rather than performance monitoring.

Application Performance Monitoring (APM) tools provide comprehensive insights into application behavior, including transaction performance, database queries, server response times, and user interactions. APM enables administrators to detect bottlenecks, troubleshoot issues, and optimize applications proactively. By correlating user experience with system performance, APM supports continuous improvement and operational efficiency. The correct answer is APM because it offers deep visibility across application layers, helping organizations maintain high performance and optimal user experience.

Question 195 

Which cloud backup type replicates data continuously, minimizing potential data loss between backups?

A) Full Backup
B) Incremental Backup
C) Differential Backup
D) Continuous Replication

Answer: D) Continuous Replication

Explanation:

Full Backups copy all data at scheduled intervals, creating a complete snapshot. While this approach ensures that all data is protected, it does not capture changes between backup cycles, leaving a window where recent updates could be lost in a disaster. Full backups also consume more storage and time than incremental approaches.

Incremental Backups store only changes made since the last backup, reducing storage requirements and backup time. However, restoring data requires a sequential process, starting with the last full backup and applying each incremental backup in order. While efficient for storage, incremental backups do not provide real-time protection.

Differential Backups capture changes since the last full backup. This approach simplifies restoration compared to incremental backups because only the last full backup and the most recent differential are needed. Although it reduces restore complexity, differential backups still cannot provide near-real-time protection, leaving data at risk between backup cycles.

Continuous Replication duplicates data to a secondary site in near real-time, ensuring that any changes are immediately captured. This minimizes potential data loss and allows rapid recovery in case of system failure. Unlike scheduled backups, continuous replication maintains a constant state of readiness, providing the highest level of data protection. The correct answer is Continuous Replication because it ensures ongoing protection, minimizing downtime and maximizing recovery capabilities.

Question 196 

Which cloud networking technology establishes encrypted tunnels for secure remote access to private networks?

A) VPN
B) SD-WAN
C) CDN
D) DNS

Answer:  A) VPN

Explanation:

Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that creates an encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet. This encrypted tunnel ensures that data transmitted between a remote client and a private network remains confidential and intact. VPNs are widely used for remote work, enabling users to securely access corporate resources as if they were physically present in the office. By encrypting traffic, VPNs protect sensitive information, such as login credentials and internal communications, from interception or eavesdropping.

Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) is a technology designed to improve network performance and reliability by intelligently routing traffic across multiple connections. While SD-WAN can enhance security through segmentation and policy enforcement, it does not inherently provide the end-to-end encryption and private access capabilities of a VPN. SD-WAN focuses more on optimizing connectivity, reducing latency, and ensuring consistent application performance.

Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed system of servers that caches and delivers content closer to users. CDNs improve the speed and reliability of web applications by reducing latency, distributing load, and preventing bottlenecks. However, CDNs are not intended for secure remote access; they do not create encrypted tunnels between endpoints or protect data in transit from one location to another.

Domain Name System (DNS) translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites easily. While DNS is essential for network navigation, it provides no encryption or privacy mechanisms for data transmission. DNS can even be a target for attacks, such as spoofing or cache poisoning, if not properly secured.

The correct answer is VPN because it specifically provides the encryption and secure tunneling required for remote access to private networks. Unlike SD-WAN, CDN, or DNS, VPN ensures that data is protected from unauthorized access while traversing untrusted networks. Organizations rely on VPNs to maintain confidentiality, integrity, and secure connectivity, making it the definitive solution for remote network access.

Question 197 

Which cloud feature allows developers to deploy applications without managing underlying operating systems or infrastructure?

A) IaaS
B) PaaS
C) SaaS
D) DaaS

Answer: B) PaaS

Explanation:

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including servers, storage, and networking. Users of IaaS are responsible for managing operating systems, middleware, and applications. While IaaS reduces the need to maintain physical hardware, it still requires significant management effort from developers and system administrators, making it less suitable for those who want to focus solely on application deployment.

Platform as a Service (PaaS) abstracts the underlying infrastructure and offers a managed platform for building, testing, and deploying applications. Developers can focus exclusively on writing code while the cloud provider handles operating systems, runtime environments, middleware, and scaling. PaaS simplifies development workflows by offering built-in services such as databases, authentication, and monitoring, which allows teams to accelerate application delivery and reduce operational overhead.

Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers fully functional applications over the internet to end users. Examples include email services, customer relationship management (CRM) tools, and office productivity suites. While SaaS eliminates the need to install or manage software locally, it does not provide a development environment for deploying custom applications. Users of SaaS consume ready-to-use applications rather than creating or managing their own.

Desktop as a Service (DaaS) delivers virtual desktops to users from the cloud, providing access to operating systems and applications without local infrastructure. While DaaS simplifies desktop management and accessibility, it is unrelated to application deployment. It does not provide a platform for developers to write or deploy code.

The correct answer is PaaS because it enables developers to build, deploy, and scale applications without worrying about infrastructure management. By handling servers, runtime, and middleware, PaaS allows organizations to focus on application logic, testing, and delivery. This separation of responsibilities reduces operational complexity and accelerates development cycles, making it the preferred choice for modern application deployment.

Question 198 

Which cloud computing feature processes data near its source to reduce latency and enhance real-time analytics?

A) Edge Computing
B) Cloud Bursting
C) SaaS
D) Multi-tenancy

Answer:  A) Edge Computing

Explanation:

Edge Computing refers to processing data close to where it is generated rather than sending it to a centralized cloud data center. By performing computation near the source, such as IoT devices or local servers, Edge Computing significantly reduces latency, enabling faster response times for applications that require real-time or near-real-time analytics. This approach is particularly valuable for industrial automation, augmented reality, video streaming, and autonomous systems, where immediate data processing is critical.

Cloud Bursting is a strategy that allows an organization to extend its workload to a public cloud when on-premises resources are insufficient. While cloud bursting can provide additional capacity during peak demand, it does not inherently reduce latency because the workload may still involve transmitting data over long distances to centralized cloud data centers. Its primary focus is scalability rather than proximity to the data source.

SaaS delivers software applications to end users over the internet. SaaS simplifies software deployment and maintenance but does not address where computation occurs. Applications running in a SaaS model rely on cloud servers, often far from the end user or data source, so they do not reduce latency in the same way Edge Computing does.

Multi-tenancy allows multiple users or organizations to share the same software environment while keeping their data isolated. Although multi-tenancy optimizes resource utilization and cost efficiency, it does not change where data is processed. It does not inherently improve performance or enable near-real-time analytics for latency-sensitive applications.

The correct answer is Edge Computing because it enables data processing at or near the source, minimizing delays and supporting immediate insights. By reducing the need to transmit large volumes of data to distant servers, Edge Computing enhances application responsiveness and makes real-time decision-making feasible for time-sensitive workloads.

Question 199 

Which cloud feature provides virtual desktops to end users, abstracting hardware and OS management?

A) IaaS
B) PaaS
C) SaaS
D) DaaS

Answer: D) DaaS

Explanation:

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides organizations with virtualized computing resources over the internet, including servers, storage, and networking. This model allows businesses to run virtual machines without the need for physical hardware, providing flexibility and scalability. However, with IaaS, users are responsible for managing the operating system, applications, updates, and security configurations on those virtual machines. While it is an effective solution for organizations looking to maintain control over their infrastructure, IaaS does not provide pre-configured, ready-to-use desktop environments. End users would need to install and manage software themselves, which adds complexity and administrative overhead.

Platform as a Service (PaaS) offers a managed environment for developers to build, deploy, and scale applications without worrying about underlying infrastructure. PaaS focuses on providing runtime environments, development tools, databases, and middleware to simplify application deployment and accelerate development cycles. While it abstracts server and infrastructure management, PaaS is not designed to deliver virtual desktops or full workstation experiences to end users. Its primary purpose is to support software development and testing, not to replace local desktop environments or provide remote workstation access.

Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers fully functional applications over the internet directly to end users. Examples include email platforms, customer relationship management systems, and productivity suites. SaaS removes the need for installation, updates, and local infrastructure management, allowing users to access software through a web browser or client application. However, SaaS does not provide a complete desktop environment or allow users to interact with an operating system in the way a physical or virtual desktop does. It simplifies software access but does not address broader desktop-level management.

Desktop as a Service (DaaS) is a cloud computing model that delivers fully managed virtual desktops to users over the internet. DaaS provides access to complete operating system environments, pre-configured applications, and storage while the provider handles infrastructure, maintenance, updates, and security. Users can access these desktops from multiple devices, including laptops, tablets, or thin clients, without requiring local hardware upgrades or complex software installations. This model allows organizations to centralize IT management, improve security by keeping data in the cloud, and support flexible or remote work scenarios.

The correct answer is DaaS because it specifically abstracts desktop management while providing full virtual desktop experiences to end users. Unlike IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS, DaaS delivers a complete operating system environment, simplifies maintenance, and enhances security, making it ideal for organizations seeking scalable, cloud-hosted desktop solutions. By offering flexibility, centralized control, and ease of access, DaaS addresses the needs of modern, distributed workforces effectively.

Question 200 

Which cloud feature replicates data across multiple regions to maintain availability during regional failures?

A) Cold Storage
B) Geo-Redundant Backup
C) Local RAID
D) Incremental Backup

Answer: B) Geo-Redundant Backup

Explanation:

Cold Storage is a cloud storage option designed primarily for long-term archival of data that is accessed infrequently. It offers a cost-effective way to retain large amounts of information over extended periods without requiring constant access or frequent retrieval. While cold storage is durable and reliable for storing historical or compliance-related data, it is not intended for high availability or rapid access. Additionally, cold storage typically resides in a single geographic location, which means it does not provide cross-region redundancy. This limitation makes it unsuitable for scenarios where maintaining access during regional outages or disasters is critical. Its main advantage lies in cost efficiency and secure, long-term retention rather than ensuring immediate access across multiple locations.

Geo-Redundant Backup, on the other hand, is specifically designed to replicate data across multiple, geographically dispersed regions. By distributing copies of data to different locations, this approach ensures that if one region suffers a failure due to natural disasters, network outages, or other unexpected incidents, the data remains accessible from alternate regions. This replication across regions is vital for maintaining business continuity, minimizing downtime, and supporting disaster recovery plans. Many organizations also rely on geo-redundant strategies to comply with regulatory requirements, which often mandate that critical data be stored in multiple geographic locations to reduce risk and ensure resilience. Geo-redundancy provides peace of mind that data is not confined to a single vulnerable site.

Local RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a method of protecting data at a single site by duplicating or distributing information across multiple disks. RAID configurations can prevent data loss from hardware failures, such as a disk crash, and are often used to maintain uptime for local storage systems. However, RAID does not protect against broader issues like site-level disasters or regional outages. Its redundancy is limited to the physical location of the infrastructure, meaning that if the entire data center becomes unavailable, all data could be lost or temporarily inaccessible.

Incremental Backup is a method of backing up only the changes made since the last backup. This approach is efficient in terms of storage and backup time but does not provide cross-region protection by itself. Incremental backups are often used in combination with other strategies, such as full backups or geo-redundancy, to ensure that data is both up-to-date and resilient.

The correct answer is Geo-Redundant Backup because it ensures that data remains accessible even in the event of a regional failure. By replicating information across multiple locations, organizations can maintain high availability, minimize downtime, and strengthen their disaster recovery capabilities. Geo-redundancy is critical for operational continuity in cloud environments and provides an added layer of protection that single-location storage options cannot offer.