Didn’t Get the Score You Wanted? Here’s How to Retake the ASVAB
The Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) is the foundational assessment tool used by the United States military to evaluate the qualifications of individuals seeking to enlist in one of its branches. The ASVAB was developed not only to measure a candidate’s eligibility for military service but also to identify which military occupational specialties (MOS) or job roles would best align with their abilities.
Each year, more than one million applicants take the ASVAB. These test-takers include high school students exploring career options through school-sponsored testing programs, as well as adults actively seeking to begin a career in military service. Despite its name, the ASVAB is not merely a vocational test. It also serves as a gatekeeper, ensuring that only individuals who meet specific intellectual and practical benchmarks are allowed to enlist.
Unlike academic exams focused strictly on performance in school-related subjects, the ASVAB tests a blend of practical knowledge, reasoning ability, and mechanical comprehension. While high scores may not directly reflect intelligence, they do indicate a strong potential for success in technical and operational training programs within the military.
The ASVAB was introduced in 1968 during the Vietnam War era. At the time, the U.S. military needed a standardized method to screen recruits efficiently and place them into appropriate training programs. Before the ASVAB, enlistment processes varied widely across military branches and recruitment centers, leading to inconsistencies in qualification standards.
The test became the official military entrance exam in 1976, adopted by all branches of the Armed Forces. Over time, it has been refined to keep pace with evolving technologies, educational standards, and job requirements within the military. These updates ensure that the ASVAB remains a reliable predictor of a recruit’s success in training and performance in specialized roles.
There are two main versions of the ASVAB: the CAT-ASVAB (Computerized Adaptive Test) and the P&P-ASVAB (Paper-and-Pencil).
The CAT-ASVAB is administered at Military Entrance Processing Stations (MEPS). This version is adaptive, meaning the difficulty of the test adjusts based on the test-taker’s responses. If a question is answered correctly, the next one will be slightly more challenging. If answered incorrectly, the subsequent question will be easier. This adaptive structure allows for a more personalized and efficient assessment and typically results in a shorter test time.
The P&P-ASVAB is taken at Military Entrance Test (MET) sites, often by those not located near a MEPS facility. This traditional version includes a fixed number of questions for each subtest. Unlike the CAT-ASVAB, the difficulty of the P&P version does not change based on the test-taker’s responses. Time management becomes especially important with this format, as all examinees face the same set of questions in the same order.
Regardless of format, all ASVAB questions are multiple-choice with four possible answers. You are encouraged to answer every question, even if you are unsure, as there are no penalties for incorrect responses. This strategy can help maximize your overall score.
The ASVAB consists of ten subtests that measure abilities across a wide range of subjects. These include:
These subtests are designed to gauge both academic and mechanical aptitudes. While not all scores from these sections impact military eligibility, they are essential for job placement within the military. For example, high scores in Electronics Information and Mechanical Comprehension can open up opportunities in advanced technical or engineering roles.
A crucial element within the ASVAB framework is the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT). This is not a separate test but a composite score derived from four of the ASVAB subtests: Arithmetic Reasoning, Word Knowledge, Paragraph Comprehension, and Mathematics Knowledge.
The AFQT score determines overall eligibility to enlist in the military. This score is presented as a percentile ranking from 1 to 99, indicating how a candidate’s results compare to those of a standard reference group. For example, an AFQT score of 50 means that the test-taker scored as well or better than 50% of a representative sample of peers.
Each military branch sets its own minimum AFQT score requirements, which vary for high school graduates and those with a GED or equivalent.
Meeting the minimum AFQT score allows an applicant to be considered for enlistment, but a higher score improves the likelihood of acceptance and eligibility for a wider range of occupational specialties.
In addition to the AFQT, the ASVAB generates various line scores. These are combinations of different ASVAB subtests tailored to specific branches and career fields. For instance, a technical job might rely heavily on scores from Electronics Information, Mathematics Knowledge, and Mechanical Comprehension.
Each branch has its method for calculating line scores. As an example, the Army uses nine different composite scores to determine qualification for various MOS categories, such as General Technical (GT), Clerical (CL), and Mechanical Maintenance (MM). Each MOS has a minimum line score requirement.
A strong performance across all ASVAB sections broadens your access to desirable roles, increases your chances of securing enlistment bonuses, and enhances your overall career trajectory within the military.
Not everyone is immediately eligible to take the ASVAB. Before scheduling your test, you must meet with a military recruiter. The recruiter will assess your eligibility based on various factors:
Only candidates who pass this initial screening process will be allowed to take the ASVAB. In many cases, applicants are scheduled for their ASVAB and physical exam on the same day, requiring them to be both mentally and physically prepared.
Although the minimum passing scores for enlistment might seem low, it is crucial to aim higher. A strong ASVAB performance does more than just meet the baseline requirement; it creates opportunities. Higher scores increase your chances of qualifying for competitive and specialized roles within the military. These positions often come with better pay, bonuses, leadership potential, and long-term career benefits.
In addition, scoring well can allow for future flexibility. Many roles within the military require ongoing education and training. Strong foundational skills, as measured by the ASVAB, can make transitioning into these advanced training programs much smoother.
In the next part, we will explore each ASVAB subject in more detail, explaining what is tested, how it is scored, and what strategies you can use to prepare effectively. By understanding the structure and focus of each subtest, you will be in a better position to create a focused and successful study plan tailored to your goals.
The ASVAB contains ten subtests, each designed to measure specific skill sets and aptitudes. While only four of these subtests directly influence your AFQT score, all sections play a role in determining which Military Occupational Specialties (MOS) or career fields you may qualify for. Understanding what each subtest covers and how to prepare for it will significantly improve your performance and expand your career opportunities in the military.
The ten subtests are:
Each section evaluates different competencies. Let’s explore them in detail, along with preparation tips and strategies for mastering each one.
This section assesses your understanding of basic scientific principles in the fields of physical science, biology, and earth science. Questions might ask you about human anatomy, physics concepts like force and energy, chemical reactions, weather systems, and more.
The GS subtest is important for technical and mechanical roles within the military. A strong understanding of general science concepts is especially beneficial if you’re aiming for a career in engineering, health care, or electronics.
Preparation tips:
This section tests your ability to solve basic arithmetic word problems. Questions require you to apply mathematical reasoning to real-life situations, such as calculating discounts, comparing distances, or interpreting quantities.
AR is one of the four subtests that count toward your AFQT score, so it’s critical to perform well here to be eligible for enlistment.
Preparation tips:
This subtest measures your vocabulary skills and your ability to understand word meanings through synonyms. You may be given a word and asked to select the closest meaning or complete a sentence with the best vocabulary choice.
WK is another subtest that contributes to your AFQT score. It also plays a role in many line scores for administrative and technical jobs.
Preparation tips:
The PC section evaluates your reading comprehension skills. You’ll read short passages and answer questions based on the content, including main ideas, details, and inferences.
This subtest, along with Word Knowledge, helps form your Verbal Expression (VE) score, a component of your AFQT score.
Preparation tips:
MK tests your understanding of high school-level math, including algebra, geometry, and basic statistics. Topics include equations, polynomials, angles, and probability.
This subtest is the fourth that directly influences your AFQT score, making it essential for determining your eligibility to enlist.
Preparation tips:
The EI subtest focuses on electrical systems, currents, circuits, and electronic components. It’s especially important for candidates interested in technical fields such as avionics, communications, or electronics maintenance.
Preparation tips:
These two subtests are often combined into a single score (AS) on the CAT-ASVAB. They assess your knowledge of automobile mechanics and workshop tools, and practices.
The AI section may include questions on engines, brakes, transmissions, and car maintenance. The SI section deals with tools, materials, and shop techniques.
Preparation tips:
MC evaluates your understanding of mechanical principles such as force, pressure, motion, and mechanical advantage. It often features diagrams or illustrations showing pulleys, levers, gears, and springs.
This subtest is highly relevant for mechanical or engineering roles in the military.
Preparation tips:
This subtest measures your spatial reasoning ability—the skill to visualize how different pieces fit together. You may be asked to determine which parts go where or how a rotated object would appear from another angle.
AO is particularly important for roles requiring technical precision, such as engineering, construction, and intelligence analysis.
Preparation tips:
Now that you understand what each subtest entails, it’s time to build an effective study schedule that balances review with practice.
Preparation isn’t just about knowing the material—it’s also about being mentally and physically ready to perform well on test day.
Being relaxed and confident can make a significant difference in how well you recall and apply what you’ve studied.
Now that you understand the ASVAB’s subtests and how to prepare for them, the next step is to learn about scoring, retaking the ASVAB, and what your scores mean in terms of career opportunities.
ASVAB Scoring, Passing Requirements, and Retaking the Exam
The ASVAB is unique in its scoring approach. Unlike traditional tests that show how many answers you got correct out of a total, the ASVAB compares your performance to a nationally representative sample of test-takers. This comparison produces a percentile score, which tells you how you rank relative to others.
For example, if your score is 65, that means you performed as well as or better than 65% of the people in the comparison group. This group is a sample of 18 to 23-year-olds who took the test in a national norming study.
The ASVAB produces multiple scores, but two main types are the most important:
Understanding both is key to interpreting your results and planning your military career path.
The AFQT score is derived from four specific subtests within the ASVAB:
These four sections assess your basic math and verbal skills. Together, they form your AFQT score, which determines whether you’re eligible to enlist in the military.
The formula used to calculate the AFQT score is:
AFQT = (AR + MK) + (2 × VE)
VE stands for Verbal Expression, which is a combination of your Word Knowledge and Paragraph Comprehension scores.
Your AFQT score is expressed as a percentile. If your AFQT is 55, you performed better than 55 percent of the test-takers in the national reference group. It is important to note that this score is not a direct percentage of correct answers. Instead, it is a norm-referenced percentile score.
Each branch of the U.S. Armed Forces has its own minimum AFQT score requirement. These scores may vary depending on whether the candidate has a high school diploma or a GED.
Here is a breakdown of the minimum AFQT scores by branch:
These minimum scores are the entry-level requirements. Scoring at or above these levels does not guarantee acceptance into the military, butit qualifies you to be considered. Higher scores can improve your chances of enlistment, qualify you for bonuses, and open the door to more career options.
Line scores are composite scores calculated from different combinations of the ten ASVAB subtests. These scores are used by military recruiters to determine which jobs (MOS or ratings) you qualify for. Each military branch uses its method for combining subtest scores to form line scores.
For example:
These line scores are crucial because they determine what specific jobs you can pursue in the military. Even if you pass the AFQT, a low line score in a relevant area could disqualify you from a desired role.
Sometimes, test-takers do not meet the required AFQT score or fall short on the line scores needed for a specific job. Fortunately, the military allows retakes under certain conditions.
Here’s how the retake policy works:
This means you could take the test up to three times within about two months, but after that, the process slows down significantly. Planning and preparing thoroughly before each attempt is essential to avoid long delays.
Retesting is not always automatically allowed. If you’re already in the Delayed Entry Program (DEP) or have committed to a particular military job, your recruiter may need to request special approval for you to retake the test. In general, the military prefers that applicants take the ASVAB seriously the first time.
Also, your most recent score is the one that counts for enlistment purposes, even if it’s lower than a previous score. You cannot “keep” your highest score; you are bound to the most current one unless a waiver is granted.
ASVAB scores remain valid for two years from the date of testing. If you do not enlist within that time frame, you may need to retake the test.
If you’re applying to a different military branch than the one you initially tested for, or if too much time has passed, you may be required to retake the ASVAB regardless of your previous score.
If you plan to retake the ASVAB, approach it strategically. Simply repeating the same study routine is unlikely to improve your score significantly. Here are ways to maximize your improvement:
Retaking the ASVAB makes sense if:
However, if your current score is already high and you’ve secured a job you’re satisfied with, retaking the test may not be necessary.
It’s worth discussing your goals and scores with a recruiter. They can help you decide whether a retake is in your best interest based on the positions you want and the branch you’re pursuing.
Once you achieve a passing AFQT score and qualify for your desired career field, the next steps in the enlistment process will involve a physical examination, job selection, and entry into the Delayed Entry Program (DEP) or immediate training, depending on availability and scheduling.
At this point, your ASVAB results will play a lasting role in your military journey. Many opportunities in training, advancement, and specialized assignments are influenced by how well you performed on the ASVAB.
Scoring well not only gets you in the door, it determines how far you can go and how quickly you can rise within your military career.
The ASVAB is more than just a pass/fail exam. It evaluates your aptitude in a wide range of subjects, produces multiple scores for different military uses, and plays a central role in shaping your career path. While the AFQT score determines whether you’re eligible to serve, the line scores open the door to specific jobs.
If you don’t get the score you need on your first try, you can retake the ASVAB, though there are waiting periods and potential risks if your score goes down. With smart preparation, targeted study, and a clear goal in mind, many candidates see significant improvement on a second or third attempt.
Preparing for the ASVAB isn’t something you should cram for in a few days. Instead, a successful preparation strategy relies on a structured study plan that balances time, topics, and rest. A smart study plan should ideally start four to six weeks before your exam date, with a focus on consistency over intensity.
Start by identifying your strengths and weaknesses. You can do this by taking a full-length diagnostic practice test. This will help you understand which ASVAB subtests you need to spend more time on. Once you’ve done that, divide your preparation weeks into content areas.
For example:
Each week, plan to study at least five days. Sessions should last between one to two hours, depending on your availability and attention span. Leave one day per week completely free to rest your mind and avoid burnout.
Not everyone learns the same way. Some people are visual learners, while others retain information more effectively through reading or listening. A good ASVAB study routine will combine a variety of tools and formats.
Here are some highly effective tools and techniques to consider:
Knowing the content is only part of the equation. Many candidates score lower not because they lack knowledge, but because they run out of time, misinterpret questions, or feel overwhelmed during the test. Practicing test-taking strategies is essential for managing time and increasing confidence.
Key strategies include:
Stress and anxiety are major factors that can negatively affect test performance. While some nervousness is natural, too much can interfere with concentration, memory recall, and logical thinking. That’s why managing your mental state before and during the exam is just as important as mastering the material.
Here are techniques to stay calm and focused:
Taking full-length practice tests is a must before test day. These exams not only help you identify knowledge gaps, but they also improve your stamina and time management. The ASVAB can take up to three hours to complete, depending on the version, so it’s important to build your endurance.
Schedule at least two full-length practice exams in the final two weeks of your study plan. Simulate the test environment as closely as possible: find a quiet place, avoid using your phone, and time each section accurately.
After each practice exam:
Studying for the ASVAB can be challenging, especially if you’re juggling school, work, or family responsibilities. Staying motivated is key to sticking with your study schedule and reaching your goal.
Try these tips:
As test day approaches, shift your focus from heavy studying to review and mental preparation. This final week is not the time to cram new information. Instead, reinforce what you already know and stay mentally sharp.
Here’s a suggested schedule:
Knowing what to bring and what to expect can reduce last-minute stress. You’ll need:
Items not allowed:
You will be provided with any necessary tools, such as pencils and scratch paper, during the test.
Once you finish the ASVAB, your results may be available immediately if you took the computerized version. Paper-based tests may take a few days. Review your scores carefully with your recruiter, who can explain what jobs you qualify for based on your line scores.
If your scores meet your goals, you can move on to the next steps in the enlistment process. If not, discuss with your recruiter whether retaking the ASVAB is the best option.
Performing well on the ASVAB is not just about intelligence—it’s about preparation, consistency, and managing your mindset. The more effort you put into understanding the test format, mastering the content, and developing strong study habits, the better your chances of achieving a score that opens the doors to your ideal military career.
Whether your goal is to simply qualify or to be eligible for specialized, high-demand roles, a strong ASVAB score gives you more choices, more respect, and a stronger foundation for your future.
If you’re ready, you can move on to working directly with a recruiter to explore your next steps and plan for boot camp or further training based on your career field.
The ASVAB is more than just an entry requirement for the military—it’s a critical tool that shapes the course of your future in the Armed Forces. A strong performance not only determines your eligibility to enlist but also expands your options for specialized roles, career advancement, and long-term success both in and out of uniform. While the test may seem intimidating at first, with proper preparation, focus, and the right mindset, it becomes entirely manageable. Whether you’re aiming for a technical specialty, a leadership position, or simply trying to qualify, the effort you put into preparing for the ASVAB will pay off. It’s not about being perfect—it’s about being ready. With a solid study plan, consistent practice, and a clear goal, you can approach test day with confidence and take that first meaningful step toward a fulfilling military career.
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