Microsoft SC-401  Administering Information Security in Microsoft 365 Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 10 181-200

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Question 181

Your organization wants to classify sensitive information across Microsoft 365 applications and apply encryption automatically based on content. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Information Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: Microsoft Information Protection

Explanation

Protecting sensitive information such as emails and documents is critical for compliance and security. Microsoft Information Protection (MIP) enables administrators to define sensitivity labels like Confidential, Highly Confidential, and Public. These labels can be applied manually by users, automatically using content inspection, or with machine learning classifiers.

Once a label is applied, the solution enforces encryption, access restrictions, and rights management. This ensures that only authorized users can access content, and external sharing can be restricted or blockeD)MIP integrates with Microsoft 365 applications, including Exchange, SharePoint, Teams, and OneDrive, providing consistent protection across all platforms.

Alternative solutions like Intune manage device compliance, Azure Firewall protects network traffic, and Sentinel monitors security events, but cannot classify or protect content. Benefits of deploying MIP include automatic classification, enforcement of encryption policies, prevention of accidental leaks, regulatory compliance support, and seamless integration across hybrid and cloud environments.

Question 182

Your organization wants to continuously monitor cloud workloads for vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, and security threats, providing actionable remediation recommendations. Which solution is most appropriate?

A)Microsoft Defender for Cloud
B)Azure Key Vault
C)Microsoft Purview
D)Microsoft Intune

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Cloud

Explanation

Cloud workloads are dynamic and constantly changing, making them prone to misconfigurations, unpatched systems, and insecure network settings. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides continuous security assessment for Azure, hybrid, and multi-cloud workloads, evaluating resources against best practices and compliance frameworks such as CIS, NIST, and ISO.

It identifies misconfigurations, missing patches, unencrypted storage, and suspicious network activity. Behavioral analytics and Microsoft threat intelligence detect abnormal patterns. Alerts are prioritized by risk, enabling administrators to focus on critical issues. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows centralized monitoring, automated investigation, and remediation via playbooks.

Other solutions like Azure Key Vault (secrets management), Purview (data governance), and Intune (device compliance) do not provide comprehensive cloud workload security monitoring. Benefits include continuous security assessment, actionable remediation, threat detection, compliance reporting, and automated response, improving cloud security posture and supporting Zero Trust principles.

Question 183

Your organization wants to detect risky Azure AD sign-ins, such as logins from unfamiliar devices or locations, and automatically enforce multi-factor authentication or password resets. Which solution should you use?

A)Azure AD Identity Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation

Compromised accounts are a major threat vector. Azure AD Identity Protection evaluates the risk for each sign-in and user account using signals such as impossible travel, unfamiliar devices, and leaked credentials. Risk scores are assigned for each user or sign-in.

Administrators can define automated policies to enforce remediation for high-risk sign-ins, including requiring multi-factor authentication, enforcing password resets, or temporarily blocking access. Integration with Conditional Access ensures dynamic, real-time enforcement of security policies while balancing user productivity.

Alternative solutions like Intune, Azure Firewall, and Purview do not detect identity risks or enforce automatic remediation. Benefits include real-time risk detection, automated mitigation, granular risk scoring, audit logging for compliance, and Zero Trust alignment. Using Azure AD Identity Protection allows organizations to proactively reduce account compromise risk and protect sensitive resources.

Question 184

Your organization wants to detect insider threats in hybrid Active Directory environments, including abnormal behavior, lateral movement, and privilege escalation attempts. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Defender for Identity
B)Azure Firewall
C)Microsoft Intune
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Identity

Explanation

Insider threats are challenging because they originate from trusted accounts with legitimate access. Microsoft Defender for Identity monitors hybrid Active Directory environments by analyzing authentication requests, Kerberos tickets, LDAP queries, and group modifications. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies such as unusual logins, lateral movement, or privilege escalation attempts.

Defender for Identity provides detailed alerts with context, including affected users, devices, and systems. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel enables correlation across endpoints and cloud data, giving a holistic view of potential insider threats. Automated responses can remediate or block suspicious activity quickly, minimizing potential damage.

Alternative solutions like Azure Firewall, Intune, and Purview do not monitor identity behavior or detect insider threats. Benefits include real-time monitoring, anomaly detection through behavioral analytics, centralized alerting, SIEM integration, and alignment with Zero Trust principles. Deploying Defender for Identity enables organizations to proactively detect and mitigate insider threats.

Question 185

Your organization wants to ensure only compliant devices can access Microsoft 365 applications, enforcing OS version, encryption, and antivirus requirements. Which solution combination should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access
B)Azure Firewall + Network Security Groups
C)Microsoft Purview + Microsoft Sentinel
D)Azure Key Vault + Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access

Explanation

Ensuring device compliance is critical for a Zero Trust security model. Microsoft Intune allows administrators to define compliance policies for devices, including OS version, encryption, antivirus presence, and configuration requirements. Non-compliant devices are flagged, and access can be restricted.

Azure AD Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance. Devices that fail compliance checks can be blocked or prompted to remediate before accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Conditional Access also supports additional conditions like user risk and location, allowing granular, context-aware access control.

Alternative solutions like Azure Firewall + NSGs, Purview + Sentinel, and Azure Key Vault + Defender for Endpoint cannot enforce access based on device compliance. Benefits include real-time compliance verification, automated remediation, contextual access control, audit logs for compliance reporting, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Intune with Conditional Access ensures that only secure, compliant devices can access organizational resources.

Question 186

Your organization wants to classify and protect sensitive emails and documents automatically, applying encryption and access restrictions based on content type. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Information Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: Microsoft Information Protection

Explanation

Organizations must protect sensitive emails and documents to ensure regulatory compliance and prevent data breaches. Microsoft Information Protection (MIP) enables administrators to define sensitivity labels, such as Confidential, Highly Confidential, or Public. Labels can be applied manually, automatically through content inspection, or using machine learning classifiers.

Once applied, the labels enforce encryption, access restrictions, and rights management. This ensures that only authorized users can access sensitive content, and external sharing can be restricteD)Integration with Microsoft 365 application, including Exchange, SharePoint, Teams, and OneDrive,v, ensures consistent protection across all platforms.

Alternative solutions like Intune manage device compliance, Azure Firewall secures network traffic, and Sentinel monitors security eventssbut cannot classify or protect content. Benefits of deploying MIP include automatic classification, consistent enforcement of encryption policies, prevention of accidental data leakage, regulatory compliance support, and seamless integration across hybrid and cloud environments. Deploying MIP ensures sensitive information is automatically protected without disrupting workflow.

Question 187

Your organization wants to continuously monitor cloud workloads for misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and security threats, providing actionable remediation recommendations. Which solution is most appropriate?

A)Microsoft Defender for Cloud
B)Azure Key Vault
C)Microsoft Purview
D)Microsoft Intune

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Cloud

Explanation

Cloud workloads are dynamic, constantly changing, and exposed to security risks such as misconfigurations, unpatched systems, and insecure network settings. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides continuous monitoring and assessment for Azure, hybrid, and multi-cloud workloads. It evaluates resources against security best practices and compliance frameworks such as CIS, NIST, and ISO.

Defender for Cloud identifies misconfigurations, missing patches, unencrypted storage, and suspicious activity. Behavioral analytics and Microsoft threat intelligence detect anomalies. Alerts are prioritized based on risk to help administrators focus on critical issues. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows centralized monitoring, automated investigation, and remediation through playbooks.

Alternative solutions like Azure Key Vault, Purview, and Intune do not provide comprehensive cloud workload security monitoring. Benefits include continuous assessment, actionable remediation, threat detection, compliance reporting, and automated response capabilities. Defender for Cloud strengthens cloud security posture and supports Zero Trust principles.

Question 188

Your organization wants to detect risky Azure AD sign-ins, such as logins from unfamiliar devices or locations, and automatically enforce MFA or password resets. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Azure AD Identity Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation

Compromised accounts are a frequent attack vector. Azure AD Identity Protection evaluates risk for each sign-in and user account using signals such as impossible travel, unfamiliar devices, and leaked credentials. Risk scores are assigned for each user and sign-in.

Administrators can configure automated policies to remediate high-risk sign-ins. Actions may include requiring multi-factor authentication, enforcing password resets, or temporarily blocking access. Integration with Conditional Access ensures dynamic, real-time enforcement while maintaining user productivity.

Alternative solutions like Intune, Azure Firewall, and Purview do not provide identity risk detection or automated remediation. Key benefits of Azure AD Identity Protection include real-time detection of risky sign-ins, automated mitigation, granular risk scoring, audit logging for compliance, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying this solution allows organizations to proactively reduce account compromise risks and protect sensitive resources.

Question 189

Your organization wants to detect insider threats in hybrid Active Directory environments, including abnormal user activity, lateral movement, and privilege escalation. Which solution should you implement?

A)Microsoft Defender for Identity
B)Azure Firewall
C)Microsoft Intune
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Identity

Explanation

Insider threats originate from trusted accounts with legitimate access, making them difficult to detect. Microsoft Defender for Identity monitors hybrid Active Directory environments by analyzing authentication requests, Kerberos tickets, LDAP queries, and group modifications. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies, including unusual logins, lateral movement, and privilege escalation.

Defender for Identity provides detailed alerts with context, including affected users, devices, and systems. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows correlation across endpoints and cloud data, providing a holistic view of potential insider threats. Automated responses can block or remediate suspicious activity quickly, minimizing potential damage.

Alternative solutions such as Azure Firewall, Intune, and Purview do not monitor identity behavior or detect insider threats. Benefits include real-time monitoring, anomaly detection via behavioral analytics, centralized alerting, SIEM integration, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Defender for Identity allows proactive detection and mitigation of insider threats.

Question 190

Your organization wants to ensure only compliant devices can access Microsoft 365 applications, enforcing OS version, encryption, and antivirus requirements. Which solution combination should you implement?

A)Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access
B)Azure Firewall + Network Security Groups
C)Microsoft Purview + Microsoft Sentinel
D)Azure Key Vault + Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access

Explanation

Ensuring device compliance is a critical aspect of Zero Trust security. Microsoft Intune allows administrators to define compliance policies that include OS version, encryption status, antivirus presence, and device configuration. Devices that fail compliance checks are marked non-compliant.

Azure AD Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance state. Non-compliant devices can be blocked or prompted to remediate before accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Conditional Access also supports additional conditions like user risk and location, enabling granular, context-aware access control.

Alternative solutions such as Azure Firewall + NSGs, Purview + Sentinel, and Azure Key Vault + Defender for Endpoint cannot enforce access based on device compliance. Benefits include real-time compliance verification, automated remediation, contextual access decisions, audit logging for compliance reporting, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Intune with Conditional Access ensures that only secure, compliant devices can access organizational resources.

Question 191

Your organization wants to classify and protect sensitive emails and documents automatically, applying encryption and access restrictions based on content type. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Information Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: Microsoft Information Protection

Explanation

Organizations need to protect sensitive content to maintain compliance and prevent data leaks. Microsoft Information Protection (MIP) allows administrators to define sensitivity labels such as Confidential, Highly Confidential, or Public. Labels can be applied manually, automatically using content inspection, or with machine learning classifiers.

Once a label is applied, encryption, access restrictions, and rights management are enforceD)This ensures that only authorized users can access content, and external sharing can be restricteD)MIP integrates with Microsoft 365 applications, including Exchange, SharePoint, Teams, and OneDrive, for consistent protection across platforms.

Alternative solutions like Intune manage device compliance, Azure Firewall protects network traffic, and Sentinel monitors security events, but cannot classify or protect content. Benefits include automatic classification, enforcement of encryption policies, prevention of accidental data leakage, regulatory compliance support, and seamless integration across hybrid and cloud environments. Deploying MIP ensures sensitive information remains secure without disrupting business workflows.

Question 192

Your organization wants to continuously monitor cloud workloads for misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and security threats, while providing actionable recommendations for remediation. Which solution is most suitable?

A)Microsoft Defender for Cloud
B)Azure Key Vault
C)Microsoft Purview
D)Microsoft Intune

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Cloud

Explanation

Cloud workloads are dynamic and exposed to security risks such as misconfigurations, unpatched systems, and insecure network configurations. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides continuous security monitoring for Azure, hybrid, and multi-cloud workloads. It evaluates resources against security best practices and compliance standards such as CIS, NIST, and ISO.

Defender for Cloud identifies vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, and suspicious activities. Behavioral analytics and Microsoft threat intelligence detect anomalies. Alerts are prioritized by risk to enable administrators to focus on critical issues. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows centralized monitoring, automated investigation, and remediation via playbooks.

Alternative solutions such as Azure Key Vault, Purview, and Intune do not provide end-to-end cloud workload security monitoring. Benefits of Defender for Cloud include continuous assessment, actionable remediation recommendations, threat detection, compliance reporting, and automated response capabilities. This solution strengthens cloud security posture and supports Zero Trust principles.

Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the correct choice among the options because it provides comprehensive cloud security posture management and workload protection across Azure and hybrid environments. Defender for Cloud continuously assesses the configuration of cloud resources such as virtual machines, storage accounts, databases, and networking components to identify vulnerabilities and misconfigurations. It assigns a secure score to help organizations prioritize remediation efforts and implement security best practices. Beyond posture management, it also provides threat protection by detecting suspicious activities, unusual access patterns, and potential attacks. Defender for Cloud integrates with other Microsoft security solutions, offering automated responses and alerts to help protect workloads and maintain regulatory compliance. This combination of continuous monitoring, threat detection, and actionable recommendations makes it the ideal solution for securing cloud environments.

Azure Key Vault is a cloud service designed to securely store and manage secrets, certificates, and encryption keys used by applications and services. While Key Vault is essential for protecting sensitive information and controlling access to cryptographic material, it does not provide a comprehensive view of cloud security posture or threat detection across workloads. Its focus is limited to securing data and credentials, not assessing or protecting cloud infrastructure.

Microsoft Purview is a data governance and compliance platform that helps organizations classify, manage, and protect sensitive datA)It enables the discovery of data, tracking of data lineage, and enforcement of data loss prevention policies to meet regulatory requirements. While Purview is critical for compliance and data protection, it does not provide security assessments, threat detection, or workload protection for cloud resources.

Microsoft Intune is a mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM) solution. Intune ensures that devices accessing corporate resources comply with security policies such as encryption, password requirements, and OS updates. While Intune is essential for endpoint compliance and device security, it does not provide continuous monitoring or threat protection for cloud workloads.

In conclusion, Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the correct option because it uniquely combines cloud security posture management and workload threat protection. Unlike Azure Key Vault, which secures secrets, Microsoft Purview, which focuses on data governance, or Microsoft Intune, which manages devices, Defender for Cloud provides a holistic approach to protecting cloud environments by identifying vulnerabilities, detecting threats, and offering actionable recommendations.

Question 193

Your organization wants to detect risky Azure AD sign-ins, including logins from unfamiliar devices or locations, and automatically enforce multi-factor authentication or password resets. Which solution should you implement?

A)Azure AD Identity Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation

Compromised accounts are a common attack vector. Azure AD Identity Protection evaluates risk for each sign-in and user account using signals such as impossible travel, unfamiliar devices, and leaked credentials. Risk scores are assigned per user and per sign-in.

Administrators can define automated policies for high-risk sign-ins, including requiring multi-factor authentication, enforcing password resets, or temporarily blocking access. Integration with Conditional Access allows dynamic, real-time enforcement while maintaining user productivity.

Alternative solutions like Intune, Azure Firewall, and Purview do not provide identity risk detection or automatic remediation. Benefits include real-time detection of risky sign-ins, automated mitigation, granular risk scoring, audit logging for compliance, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Azure AD Identity Protection enables organizations to proactively reduce account compromise risk and protect sensitive resources.

Azure AD Identity Protection is a cloud-based security service designed to help organizations detect, investigate, and respond to identity-related risks. It continuously monitors user accounts and sign-in activity to identify suspicious behavior, such as sign-ins from unusual locations, impossible travel between locations, leaked credentials, or atypical device usage. Using machine learning and threat intelligence, Azure AD Identity Protection assigns risk levels to both users and sign-ins, allowing administrators to configure automated responses based on these risks. For example, high-risk users can be required to reset their passwords or complete multi-factor authentication before accessing corporate resources. By integrating with Conditional Access policies, it enables risk-based adaptive access, helping organizations implement Zero Trust security principles. It also provides detailed reports and dashboards that allow IT teams to investigate incidents, track trends, and comply with regulatory requirements related to identity and access management, making it the ideal solution for protecting user identities and preventing account compromise.

Microsoft Intune is primarily focused on managing devices and applications. As a cloud-based mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM) solution, Intune ensures that devices accessing corporate resources comply with security policies such as encryption, password requirements, and operating system updates. While Intune can work with Conditional Access to ensure that only compliant devices access corporate data, it does not monitor sign-in behavior or detect identity-based risks. Its core focus is endpoint management rather than identity threat protection, which makes it unsuitable for scenarios where detecting risky sign-ins is the primary concern.

Azure Firewall is a network security solution designed to protect Azure resources by filtering inbound, outbound, and lateral traffic. It provides stateful inspection, threat intelligence-based filtering, and application-level rules to secure workloads at the network level. While critical for network protection, Azure Firewall does not monitor user accounts or sign-in activity and cannot detect compromised credentials or identity risks. Its role is limited to traffic management and network-level security, making it irrelevant to the functions provided by Azure AD Identity Protection.

Microsoft Purview is a data governance and compliance solution focused on discovering, classifying, and protecting sensitive datA)It helps organizations implement data loss prevention policies, track data lineage, and maintain regulatory compliance. Although Purview is essential for managing and securing data, it does not monitor user sign-ins or assess identity risk. Its primary function is data governance rather than identity protection.

In summary, Azure AD Identity Protection is the correct solution because it specifically addresses identity security by detecting risky sign-ins, evaluating user risk levels, and enabling automated remediation. Unlike Intune, which manages devices, Azure Firewall, which protects network traffic, or Purview, which governs data, Azure AD Identity Protection focuses directly on protecting user identities and mitigating the risk of account compromise, making it the ideal choice for identity threat management and risk-based access control.

Question 194

Your organization wants to detect insider threats in hybrid Active Directory environments, including abnormal activity, lateral movement, and privilege escalation attempts. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Defender for Identity
B)Azure Firewall
C)Microsoft Intune
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Identity

Explanation

Insider threats are challenging to detect because they originate from trusted accounts with legitimate access. Microsoft Defender for Identity monitors hybrid Active Directory environments by analyzing authentication requests, Kerberos tickets, LDAP queries, and group modifications. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies, such as unusual logins, lateral movement, and privilege escalation attempts.

Defender for Identity generates detailed alerts with context, including affected users, devices, and systems. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel enables correlation across endpoints and cloud data for a comprehensive view of potential insider threats. Automated responses can remediate or block suspicious activity quickly, minimizing potential damage.

Alternative solutions such as Azure Firewall, Intune, and Purview do not monitor identity behavior or detect insider threats. Benefits include real-time monitoring, anomaly detection using behavioral analytics, centralized alerting, SIEM integration, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Defender for Identity allows proactive detection and mitigation of insider threats.

Question 195

Your organization wants to enforce access to Microsoft 365 applications only from compliant devices, verifying OS version, encryption, and antivirus requirements. Which solution combination should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access
B)Azure Firewall + Network Security Groups
C)Microsoft Purview + Microsoft Sentinel
D)Azure Key Vault + Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access

Explanation

Device compliance is critical for implementing Zero Trust security. Microsoft Intune allows administrators to define compliance policies for devices, including OS version, encryption status, antivirus presence, and configuration. Non-compliant devices are flagged, and access can be restricted.

Azure AD Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance state. Non-compliant devices can be blocked or required to remediate before accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Conditional Access also supports additional conditions like user risk and location, enabling granular, context-aware access control.

Alternative solutions such as Azure Firewall + NSGs, Purview + Sentinel, and Azure Key Vault + Defender for Endpoint cannot enforce access based on device compliance. Benefits include real-time compliance verification, automated remediation, contextual access decisions, audit logging for compliance reporting, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Intune with Conditional Access ensures only secure, compliant devices can access corporate resources.

Microsoft Intune, combined with Azure AD Conditional Access, provides a comprehensive solution for managing device compliance and securing access to corporate applications and datA)Intune is a cloud-based service for mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM). It allows organizations to enforce security policies on devices, such as requiring encryption, strong passwords, operating system updates, and approved application usage. Azure AD Conditional Access works alongside Intune to evaluate each sign-in attempt in real time, using signals such as user identity, device compliance status, location, and risk level. Together, they allow organizations to implement policies such as “allow access only from compliant devices” or “require multi-factor authentication for high-risk users,” ensuring that only trusted, secure devices can access sensitive resources. This combination supports Zero Trust principles by continuously verifying identity and device compliance and applying least-privilege access. It also provides detailed monitoring and reporting, helping IT teams track compliance and detect potential access issues proactively, making it the ideal solution for secure application access in hybrid and remote work environments.

Azure Firewall and Network Security Groups (NSGs) focus primarily on network-level security rather than identity-based access or device compliance. Azure Firewall provides centralized, stateful traffic filtering for inbound, outbound, and internal traffic and includes threat intelligence and application-level filtering. NSGs control traffic at the subnet or network interface level based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols. While both are essential for protecting Azure workloads and segmenting networks, they do not evaluate whether a device is compliant or if a user’s identity is at risk. They manage “who can send traffic where,” but cannot enforce real-time access policies based on device or identity status, so they cannot replace the functionality provided by Intune and Conditional Access.

Microsoft Purview and Microsoft Sentinel focus on governance, compliance, and security monitoring rather than real-time access enforcement. Purview helps organizations classify sensitive data, track data lineage, and implement data loss prevention and compliance policies. Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR platform that detects threats, correlates security alerts, investigates incidents, and enables automated responses. While these tools are important for monitoring, compliance, and threat analysis, they do not prevent access to applications based on device compliance or user identity. Their role is primarily reactive and analytical, not preventive.

Azure Key Vault and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint enhance security at the data and endpoint levels. Key Vault securely stores secrets, certificates, and encryption keys, while Defender for Endpoint provides threat detection, vulnerability management, and endpoint protection. While they strengthen endpoint and data security, they do not enforce conditional access policies based on device compliance or identity. Defender may detect risky devices, and Key Vault protects sensitive assets, but neither can prevent non-compliant devices or risky users from accessing applications in real time.

In conclusion, Microsoft Intune combined with Azure AD Conditional Access is the correct solution because it uniquely integrates device compliance management with identity-based access enforcement. Unlike network security tools, compliance monitoring platforms, or endpoint protection services, this combination ensures that only trusted, secure devices and verified users can access corporate applications, making it the ideal choice for modern secure access management.

Question 196

Your organization wants to automatically classify and protect sensitive emails and documents, ensuring encryption and access restrictions are applied consistently. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Information Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Sentinel

Answer: Microsoft Information Protection

Explanation

Microsoft Information Protection (MIP) enables organizations to classify and protect sensitive data across Microsoft 365 applications. Sensitivity labels, such as Confidential or Highly Confidential, can be applied manually, automatically using content inspection, or via machine learning classifiers.

Labels enforce encryption, access restrictions, and rights management, preventing unauthorized access or sharing. Integration with Exchange, Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive ensures consistent protection across all platforms.

Alternative solutions like Intune, Azure Firewall, and Sentinel do not provide automatic content classification or protection. Benefits include automated classification, consistent enforcement of encryption policies, prevention of accidental data leaks, regulatory compliance support, and seamless integration across hybrid and cloud environments. Deploying MIP ensures sensitive information is protected without disrupting user workflows.

Question 197

Your organization wants to continuously monitor cloud workloads for security misconfigurations, vulnerabilities, and potential threats, while providing actionable recommendations for remediation. Which solution is most suitable?

A)Microsoft Defender for Cloud
B)Azure Key Vault
C)Microsoft Purview
D)Microsoft Intune

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Cloud

Explanation

Cloud workloads are dynamic and exposed to multiple security risks such as misconfigurations, unpatched systems, and insecure network settings. Microsoft Defender for Cloud provides continuous monitoring and assessment for Azure, hybrid, and multi-cloud workloads. It evaluates resources against best practices and compliance standards such as CIS, NIST, and ISO.

Defender for Cloud identifies vulnerabilities, configuration errors, and suspicious activity. Behavioral analytics and Microsoft threat intelligence detect abnormal patterns. Alerts are prioritized based on risk, enabling security teams to address critical issues first. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel allows centralized monitoring, automated investigation, and remediation through playbooks.

Alternative solutions like Azure Key Vault, Purview, and Intune do not provide comprehensive cloud workload security monitoring. Benefits include continuous security assessment, actionable remediation recommendations, threat detection, compliance reporting, and automated response capabilities. Deploying Defender for Cloud strengthens security posture and supports Zero Trust principles.

Question 198

Your organization wants to detect risky Azure AD sign-ins, including logins from unfamiliar devices or locations, and automatically enforce MFA or password resets. Which solution should you implement?

A)Azure AD Identity Protection
B)Microsoft Intune
C)Azure Firewall
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Azure AD Identity Protection

Explanation

Compromised accounts are a significant security risk. Azure AD Identity Protection evaluates each sign-in and user account risk based on signals such as impossible travel, unfamiliar devices, and leaked credentials. Risk scores are assigned per user and sign-in.

Administrators can configure automated policies for high-risk sign-ins, including requiring multi-factor authentication, enforcing password resets, or temporarily blocking access. Integration with Conditional Access ensures dynamic, real-time enforcement while maintaining productivity.

Alternative solutions such as Intune, Azure Firewall, and Purview do not provide identity risk detection or automatic remediation. Benefits include real-time detection of risky sign-ins, automated mitigation, granular risk scoring, audit logging for compliance, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Azure AD Identity Protection allows proactive protection against account compromise and safeguards organizational resources.

Azure AD Identity Protection is a cloud-based security solution designed to safeguard user identities by detecting, investigating, and remediating identity-related risks. It continuously monitors user accounts and sign-in activity to identify suspicious behaviors such as impossible travel between locations, unfamiliar sign-in properties, leaked credentials, or atypical device usage. Using machine learning and threat intelligence, it assigns risk levels to users and sign-ins and allows administrators to implement automated responses based on those risk levels. For example, high-risk users can be required to reset their passwords or complete multi-factor authentication before accessing corporate resources. Azure AD Identity Protection integrates with Conditional Access policies, enabling organizations to enforce risk-based adaptive access, which is crucial for implementing a proactive Zero Trust security model. It also provides detailed reporting and dashboards that allow IT teams to investigate incidents, track trends, and meet compliance requirements related to identity and access management, making it the ideal solution for managing identity security in cloud environments.

Microsoft Intune is primarily a cloud-based mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM) platform. It ensures that devices accessing corporate resources comply with security policies such as encryption, password requirements, and operating system updates. Intune works closely with Azure AD Conditional Access to allow only compliant devices to access sensitive datA)While it is vital for endpoint management and device compliance, Intune does not focus on detecting risky sign-ins or compromised accounts. Its primary goal is to manage and secure devices rather than monitor and respond to identity threats, which is why it is not the correct choice in this context.

Azure Firewall is a cloud-based network security service that protects Azure resources by filtering inbound, outbound, and lateral traffic.)It provides stateful inspection, threat intelligence-based filtering, and application-level traffic rules. While Azure Firewall is essential for protecting workloads at the network level, it does not monitor user sign-ins or detect identity-related risks. Its role is to control network traffic, not evaluate the security posture of user accounts, which means it cannot fulfill the objectives provided by Azure AD Identity Protection.

Microsoft Purview is a data governance and compliance platform designed to help organizations classify, manage, and protect sensitive datA)It enables data discovery, data lineage tracking, and enforcement of data loss prevention policies. While Purview is highly effective in managing regulatory compliance and protecting data, it does not focus on monitoring user sign-ins or evaluating account risks. Its functionality is centered around data governance rather than identity threat protection.

In conclusion, Azure AD Identity Protection is the correct solution because it specifically addresses identity security by detecting risky sign-ins, assessing user risk levels, and enabling automated remediation. Unlike Intune, which manages devices, Azure Firewall, which protects network traffic, or Purview, which governs data, Azure AD Identity Protection directly protects user identities and mitigates the risk of account compromise, making it the ideal choice for identity threat management and risk-based access control.

Question 199

Your organization wants to detect insider threats in hybrid Active Directory environments, including abnormal activity, lateral movement, and privilege escalation attempts. Which solution should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Defender for Identity
B)Azure Firewall
C)Microsoft Intune
D)Microsoft Purview

Answer: Microsoft Defender for Identity

Explanation

Insider threats are difficult to detect because they originate from trusted accounts with legitimate access. Microsoft Defender for Identity monitors hybrid Active Directory environments by analyzing authentication requests, Kerberos tickets, LDAP queries, and group modifications. Behavioral analytics detect anomalies such as unusual logins, lateral movement, and privilege escalation attempts.

Defender for Identity generates detailed alerts with context, including affected users, devices, and systems. Integration with Microsoft Sentinel enables correlation across endpoints and cloud data, providing a comprehensive view of potential insider threats. Automated responses can remediate or block suspicious activity quickly, minimizing potential damage.

Alternative solutions like Azure Firewall, Intune, and Purview do not monitor identity behavior or detect insider threats. Benefits include real-time monitoring, anomaly detection via behavioral analytics, centralized alerting, SIEM integration, and alignment with Zero Trust principles. Deploying Defender for Identity allows organizations to proactively detect and mitigate insider threats.

Question 200

Your organization wants to ensure only compliant devices can access Microsoft 365 applications, enforcing OS version, encryption, and antivirus requirements. Which solution combination should you deploy?

A)Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access
B)Azure Firewall + Network Security Groups
C)Microsoft Purview + Microsoft Sentinel
D)Azure Key Vault + Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

Answer: Microsoft Intune + Azure AD Conditional Access

Explanation

Device compliance is a critical aspect of Zero Trust security. Microsoft Intune allows administrators to define compliance policies for devices, including OS version, encryption status, antivirus installation, and device configuration. Devices that do not meet compliance standards are marked as non-compliant.

Azure AD Conditional Access enforces access policies based on device compliance. Non-compliant devices can be blocked or prompted to remediate before accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Conditional Access also supports additional conditions, such as user risk and location, enabling granular, context-aware access control.

Alternative solutions like Azure Firewall + NSGs, Purview + Sentinel, and Azure Key Vault + Defender for Endpoint cannot enforce access based on device compliance. Benefits include real-time compliance verification, automated remediation, contextual access decisions, audit logging for regulatory reporting, and Zero Trust alignment. Deploying Intune with Conditional Access ensures that only secure, compliant devices can access organizational resources. Microsoft Intune, combined with Azure AD Conditional Access, provides a robust solution for securing access to corporate applications and data. Intune is a cloud-based service for mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM), enabling organizations to enforce security policies on devices, such as requiring encryption, strong passwords, OS updates, and approved application use. Azure AD Conditional Access complements this by evaluating each sign-in attempt in real time using signals like user identity, device compliance status, location, and risk level. Together, they allow organizations to implement policies such as “access only from compliant devices” or “require multi-factor authentication for high-risk users,” ensuring that only secure and trusted devices can connect to sensitive resources. This integration supports Zero Trust principles by enforcing least-privilege access and continuous verification, making it ideal for hybrid and remote work environments. It also provides detailed monitoring and reporting, helping IT teams track compliance and detect potential access issues proactively.

Azure Firewall and Network Security Groups (NSGs) are primarily focused on network-level security rather than device compliance or identity-based access control. Azure Firewall provides centralized, stateful filtering for inbound, outbound, and internal network traffic, including threat intelligence and application rules. NSGs control traffic at the subnet or network interface level based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols. While these tools are essential for protecting Azure workloads and segmenting networks, they do not evaluate whether a device is compliant or if a user’s identity is secure. They regulate “who can send traffic where,” but cannot enforce real-time access based on device or identity status, so they are not sufficient for controlling application access securely.

Microsoft Purview and Microsoft Sentinel focus on governance, compliance, and security monitoring rather than real-time access enforcement. Purview helps organizations classify sensitive data, track data lineage, and implement data loss prevention and regulatory compliance policies. Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM and SOAR platform that provides threat detection, correlation of security alerts, incident investigation, and automated response. While these tools are valuable for monitoring, analysis, and compliance, they do not prevent access to applications based on user identity or device compliance. Their function is largely reactive and investigative, rather than proactive in enforcing access controls.

Azure Key Vault and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint enhance security at the data and endpoint level. Key Vault securely stores secrets, certificates, and encryption keys, while Defender for Endpoint provides advanced endpoint protection, threat detection, and vulnerability management. Although these tools strengthen endpoint and data security, they do not directly enforce access policies based on device compliance or user identity. Defender may detect risky devices, and Key Vault protects sensitive assets, but neither can prevent non-compliant devices or high-risk users from accessing applications in real time.

In conclusion, Microsoft Intune combined with Azure AD Conditional Access is the correct solution because it uniquely provides both device compliance management and identity-based access enforcement. Unlike network security tools, compliance monitoring platforms, or endpoint protection services, this combination directly ensures that only trusted, secure devices and verified users can access corporate applications, making it the ideal choice for modern secure access management.