Microsoft SC-300  Microsoft Identity and Access Administrator Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 10 Q181-200

Visit here for our full Microsoft SC-300 exam dumps and practice test questions.

Question 181:

Your organization wants to require MFA for users accessing Microsoft 365 apps from outside the corporate network, but allow seamless access from corporate devices. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for external access
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for external access

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies enable administrators to enforce MFA selectively based on conditions such as network location, device state, and user risk level. Requiring MFA only for external sign-ins reduces security risk while minimizing friction for users on trusted devices.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Apply conditions based on location (internal vs. external networks).

Require MFA only when users access resources from untrusted networks.

Monitor sign-ins for compliance and auditing.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for privileged accounts and risky sign-ins, but cannot selectively apply location-based MFA.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce conditional MFA based on device or location.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not enforce location-based MFA for internal users.

Benefits:

Protects sensitive corporate resources from external threats.

Reduces user friction for trusted devices.

Provides detailed audit and compliance reporting.

For example, a user signing in to Teams from home is challenged for MFA, while a corporate laptop in the office allows seamless access. This approach ensures that authentication requirements adjust based on where the user is connecting from. When a device connects from an external or less secure environment, the additional MFA challenge provides a necessary layer of protection against credential theft and unauthorized access. At the same time, users working inside the corporate network or on trusted, managed devices experience frictionless access, supporting productivity without compromising security.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for external access ensures adaptive, secure authentication by strengthening protection where risk is higher while maintaining a smooth experience in trusted environments.

Question 182:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary, just-in-time activation of privileged roles with approval and justification. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM allows just-in-time privileged access with approval workflows and required justification. Temporary activations reduce standing administrative privileges and enhance security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval before role activation.

Set time-bound access for privileged roles.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for compliance and security reporting.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged roles.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not provide privileged role management.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces risk from permanent administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Ensures auditing and compliance reporting.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and provide justification. Access is automatically revoked after the defined period.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for secure privileged role management.

Question 183:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 apps from devices that are not Intune compliant. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation 

Conditional Access allows organizations to enforce device compliance as a prerequisite for accessing corporate resources. Devices that do not meet compliance standards are blocked, reducing security risks and ensuring corporate policy enforcement.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Require Intune enrollment and compliance.

Apply policies to Microsoft 365 apps such as Teams, SharePoint, and Exchange Online.

Audit access attempts to ensure compliance and monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce device compliance policies.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce compliance for internal devices.

Benefits:

Protects corporate resources from untrusted devices.

Ensures consistent enforcement of security policies.

Supports regulatory compliance and auditing.

For example, a user attempting to access SharePoint from a personal laptop is blocked until the device is enrolled and compliant.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance ensures secure access to Microsoft 365 applications.

Question 184:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all guest users accessing Microsoft 365 apps. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation 

Guest users accessing corporate resources may present security risks. Conditional Access allows administrators to require MFA specifically for guest users, providing secure collaboration while minimizing impact on internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply MFA policies to Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive.

Audit guest access for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest accounts.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not handle guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces unauthorized access risks.

Provides auditing and compliance reporting.

For example, an external contractor must complete MFA before accessing Teams resources.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA ensures secure collaboration.

Question 185:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary activation of privileged roles with approval workflows. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM enables just-in-time privileged access, ensuring that elevated privileges are assigned only when necessary. Approval workflows and justification requirements enhance accountability and reduce security risk.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval for privileged role activation.

Set temporary, time-bound access.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for compliance and monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged access.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows.

Benefits:

Reduces standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides audit trails and compliance reporting.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and provide justification. Access is automatically revoked after the assigned period.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for secure privileged role management.

Question 186:

Your organization wants to block legacy authentication protocols to improve security. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication

Explanation 

Legacy authentication protocols (POP3, IMAP, SMTP, older Office clients) do not support modern security features like MFA and are prone to credential attacks. Blocking them strengthens organizational security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Block legacy protocols while allowing modern authentication.

Combine with MFA and other security measures.

Audit blocked sign-ins for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, blocks legacy authentication for privileged accounts only, and cannot provide granular control.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce blocking of legacy protocols.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not block legacy authentication for internal users.

Benefits:

Reduces risk of account compromise.

Enforces modern authentication protocols.

Supports auditing and compliance reporting.

For example, a user attempting to access Exchange Online via POP3 is blocked, while Outlook using modern authentication succeeds.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication is the recommended solution.

Question 187:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for users signing in from high-risk countries. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies enable adaptive MFA based on factors like location, device state, and user risk. Sign-ins from high-risk countries trigger MFA challenges to prevent unauthorized access.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Define high-risk countries for MFA enforcement.

Target specific users or groups.

Require MFA only for sign-ins from those locations.

Audit all sign-ins for compliance and security monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for privileged accounts and risky sign-ins, but cannot selectively enforce location-based MFA.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce location-based MFA.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but cannot enforce MFA for internal users by location.

Benefits:

Reduces risk from high-risk geographies.

Minimizes unnecessary MFA prompts in trusted locations.

Supports compliance reporting and auditing.

For example, a user signing into Teams from a high-risk country is prompted for MFA, while access from a corporate network is seamless.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location ensures adaptive security.

Question 188:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary activation of privileged roles with approval workflows. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM allows just-in-time privileged access, reducing standing administrative privileges. Approval workflows and justification enhance accountability and security compliance.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval before role activation.

Set temporary, time-bound access.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged access.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows.

Benefits:

Reduces permanent administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides auditing and compliance reports.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and justification. Access is revoked automatically after the assigned period.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution.

Question 189:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 apps from devices that are not Intune compliant. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies enforce device compliance before allowing access to corporate applications. Non-compliant devices are blocked, ensuring that only secure and trusted devices can access resources.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups accessing Microsoft 365 apps.

Require Intune enrollment and compliance.

Apply policies to Teams, SharePoint, Exchange Online, and other apps.

Audit access attempts for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce compliance restrictions.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not enforce internal device compliance.

Benefits:

Protects corporate resources from untrusted devices.

Ensures consistent security policy enforcement.

Supports regulatory compliance and auditing.

For example, a user accessing SharePoint from a personal laptop is blocked until the device is enrolled and compliant.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance ensures secure access.

Question 190:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation 

Guest users may present security risks when accessing corporate resources. Conditional Access allows administrators to require MFA specifically for guest users, securing external collaboration without affecting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply MFA policies to Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive.

Audit guest access for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest accounts.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not manage guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces unauthorized access risks.

Provides auditing and compliance reports.

For example, an external contractor must complete MFA before accessing Teams resources.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA ensures secure collaboration.

Question 191:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for users accessing Microsoft 365 apps from untrusted networks but allow seamless access from corporate devices. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for untrusted networks
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for untrusted networks

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies allow organizations to enforce adaptive MFA based on location and device state. By requiring MFA only for untrusted networks, organizations reduce security risk while minimizing friction for users on corporate devices.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Apply conditions based on network location (trusted vs. untrusted).

Require MFA only when users sign in from untrusted networks.

Monitor sign-ins for compliance and auditing.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for privileged accounts and risky sign-ins, but cannot selectively enforce network-based MFA.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce location-based MFA.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not enforce MFA for internal users based on network location.

Benefits:

Protects corporate resources from external threats.

Reduces unnecessary MFA prompts for trusted devices.

Supports compliance reporting and audit trails.

For example, a user signing in to Teams from home is prompted for MFA, while access from a corporate laptop in the office is seamless.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for untrusted networks ensures adaptive, secure authentication.

Question 192:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary, just-in-time activation of privileged roles with approval and justification. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM enables just-in-time privileged access, reducing permanent administrative privileges. Approval workflows and justification requirements improve accountability and security compliance.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval before role activation.

Set temporary, time-bound access for privileged roles.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for compliance and monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged access.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows.

Benefits:

Reduces standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides auditing and compliance reporting.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and provide justification. Access is revoked automatically after the assigned period.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing temporary privileged roles securely.

Question 193:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 apps from devices that are not Intune compliant. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies allow administrators to enforce device compliance as a requirement for accessing corporate resources. Non-compliant devices are blocked, enhancing security and ensuring policy enforcement.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups accessing Microsoft 365 apps.

Require Intune enrollment and compliance.

Apply policies to Teams, SharePoint, Exchange Online, and other apps.

Audit access attempts to ensure monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce compliance policies.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not enforce device compliance for internal users.

Benefits:

Protects corporate resources from untrusted devices.

Ensures secure and consistent access policies.

Supports regulatory compliance and auditing.

For example, a user attempting to access SharePoint from a personal laptop is blocked until the device is enrolled and compliant.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance ensures secure access to Microsoft 365 applications.

Question 194:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all guest users accessing Microsoft 365 apps. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation 

Guest users accessing corporate resources can pose security risks. Conditional Access allows administrators to require MFA specifically for guest users, securing external collaboration without affecting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply MFA policies to Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive.

Audit guest access for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest accounts.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not manage guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces unauthorized access risks.

Provides auditing and compliance reports.

For example, an external contractor must complete MFA before accessing Teams resources.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA ensures secure collaboration.

Question 195:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary activation of privileged roles with approval workflows. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM allows just-in-time privileged access, ensuring that elevated roles are assigned only when necessary. Approval workflows and justification requirements enhance accountability and security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval before role activation.

Set temporary, time-bound access.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged access.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides auditing and compliance reports.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and provide justification. Access is revoked automatically after the assigned period.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution.

Question 196:

Your organization wants to block legacy authentication protocols to improve security. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication

Explanation 

Legacy authentication protocols, including POP3, IMAP, and older Office clients, do not support MFA and are highly vulnerable to attacks. Blocking them strengthens organizational security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Block legacy protocols while allowing modern authentication.

Combine with MFA and other security measures.

Audit blocked sign-ins for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, blocks legacy authentication only for privileged accounts, and cannot provide granular control.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot block legacy protocols.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not block legacy authentication for internal users.

Benefits:

Reduces risk of account compromise.

Enforces modern authentication protocols.

Supports auditing and compliance.

For example, a user attempting to access Exchange Online via POP3 is blocked, whereas Outlook using modern authentication succeeds. This ensures that outdated and insecure protocols cannot be used to access corporate data, while modern clients that support MFA and secure token-based authentication continue to function normally. Blocking legacy authentication prevents attackers from exploiting weak authentication methods that do not support conditional access controls, MFA, or modern security standards.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication is the recommended solution because it eliminates a major attack vector, strengthens account security, and ensures that all access to corporate resources uses modern, secure authentication methods.

Question 197:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for users signing in from high-risk countries. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies enable adaptive MFA based on location, device state, and user risk. Sign-ins from high-risk countries trigger MFA challenges to prevent unauthorized access.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Define high-risk countries for MFA enforcement.

Target specific users or groups.

Require MFA only for sign-ins from those locations.

Audit sign-ins for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for admins but cannot enforce location-based MFA selectively.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce location-based MFA.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but cannot enforce MFA for internal users by location.

Conditional Access policies that apply MFA requirements based on user location play a crucial role in strengthening an organization’s security posture while maintaining a smooth and productive user experience. As users increasingly connect from various networks—corporate offices, home environments, public Wi-Fi, and foreign countries—identity-based security alone may not be enough. Incorporating location signals into access decisions allows organizations to dynamically adjust authentication requirements based on risk, ensuring that access remains secure without unnecessarily burdening users.

Location-based Conditional Access works by defining named locations, which can include trusted IP ranges such as corporate networks, VPN endpoints, or known office locations. Administrators can also configure country-level access control, identifying high-risk regions commonly associated with malicious sign-in attempts. By leveraging these configurations, organizations can require additional authentication steps only when the sign-in originates from an unfamiliar or high-risk location.

This approach helps reduce risk from suspicious or potentially compromised geographies. Attackers frequently conduct credential stuffing, brute-force attacks, and phishing attempts from countries or regions where a legitimate organization does not operate. When a login attempt originates from an unexpected location, requiring MFA adds a strong verification step. Even if an attacker has a user’s password, they will not be able to complete MFA, preventing unauthorized access.

At the same time, Conditional Access helps minimize unnecessary MFA prompts for users signing in from trusted networks. Employees connecting from corporate headquarters, branch offices, or designated secure networks can be allowed to authenticate seamlessly without excessive verification steps. This improves productivity and reduces user frustration, creating a balanced and user-friendly security experience. Organizations benefit from strong protection without forcing MFA on users in every situation.

In addition, location-based Conditional Access supports compliance reporting and governance. Many regulatory frameworks, especially those related to data protection and identity security, require organizations to demonstrate that risky sign-in attempts are mitigated and that stronger authentication measures are applied when necessary. Azure AD sign-in logs record the geographic location, IP address, and authentication method used during each access attempt. These detailed records help organizations identify trends, track unusual access patterns, and generate reports that demonstrate adherence to compliance requirements.

Location-based policies can also be combined with other security controls to further enhance protection. For example, administrators can layer requirements such as device compliance, user risk scoring, or application sensitivity. A sign-in attempt from a high-risk country could trigger MFA, block access outright, or require both MFA and a compliant device. This adaptive, risk-based security model strengthens defenses without disproportionately impacting legitimate users.

For example, a user signing into Teams from a high-risk country is prompted for MFA, while access from a corporate network is seamless. This illustrates the value of adaptive security: the user receives additional scrutiny only when the sign-in appears unusual or potentially risky. Meanwhile, normal access from known, trusted environments remains convenient and fast.

Another scenario might involve remote employees traveling internationally. If a user attempts to sign in from a location where the organization does not typically operate, the Conditional Access policy ensures that the user completes MFA before accessing corporate applications. This protects against unauthorized access attempts made using stolen credentials during travel. If the same user later returns to the corporate network, access becomes frictionless again because the network is recognized as a trusted location.

Location-based Conditional Access is particularly helpful for organizations with global operations or distributed workforces. Administrators can tailor MFA requirements to specific geographic regions, ensuring consistent security controls across different offices and remote sites. This approach helps prevent access violations while maintaining operational efficiency.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location ensures adaptive security by applying additional verification only when necessary, reducing risk from high-risk geographies, minimizing friction for trusted locations, and supporting compliance with modern security standards. This dynamic, intelligent approach delivers both strong protection and an optimized user experience.

Question 198:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary activation of privileged roles with approval workflows. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation 

PIM provides just-in-time privileged access, ensuring elevated privileges are temporary, require approval, and include justification. This reduces risk and improves compliance.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Require approval before activating privileged roles.

Set temporary, time-bound access.

Require justification for each activation.

Audit all activations for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged access.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows.

Benefits:

Reduces standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege access principles.

Provides auditing and compliance reporting.

Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) is a critical tool for organizations seeking to secure and control administrative access in cloud environments. Privileged accounts, especially roles such as Global Administrator, SharePoint Administrator, Exchange Administrator, and others, have the highest level of permissions in Azure AD and Microsoft 365. If compromised, these accounts can cause severe security breaches, disrupt operations, and expose sensitive data. PIM addresses these risks by ensuring that privileged access is granted only when needed, for the minimum duration required, and with proper oversight.

PIM operates on a just-in-time (JIT) access model, which means administrative privileges are not permanently assigned. Instead, users must request elevation to privileged roles when they need them. This approach significantly reduces the attack surface, as elevated permissions are active only during approved time windows. Even if an attacker were to compromise an account, they would not automatically gain privileged access unless they could complete the approval or MFA process required for elevation.

One of the key capabilities of PIM is the requirement for approval workflows. Administrators can configure roles such that users requesting privileged access must obtain approval from designated approvers. This adds a layer of governance, ensuring that elevated access is granted only when necessary and only after being reviewed by appropriate personnel. PIM also supports justification prompts, requiring users to provide a business reason for their request. This helps maintain accountability and ensures that privilege elevation is tied to legitimate business activities.

In addition to approval workflows, PIM provides automated access revocation. When a user’s approved time window expires, the elevated role is automatically removed, preventing administrators from forgetting to remove temporary access or leaving privileges active longer than necessary. This reduces the risk of privilege creep, where users accumulate more permissions over time than they actually need.

PIM offers extensive auditing and reporting capabilities, allowing organizations to track when privileged roles are activated, who approved the requests, and what actions were taken during the elevation period. These audit logs are invaluable for security monitoring, forensic investigations, and compliance requirements. Regulatory frameworks and cybersecurity standards increasingly expect organizations to demonstrate controlled and monitored access to administrative accounts, and PIM provides the tools needed to meet these obligations.

PIM can also enforce additional security measures during role activation, such as requiring multifactor authentication. This ensures that only verified and authorized users can elevate their access, further reducing the risk of unauthorized privilege use. The combination of MFA, approvals, just-in-time access, and automated expiration creates a layered security model that significantly strengthens the protection of critical systems.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must obtain approval and provide justification. Access is automatically revoked after the assigned period, preventing misuse of privileged roles and ensuring that elevated permissions are granted only when necessary. This workflow not only enhances security but also streamlines administrative governance by providing a structured, accountable process for managing high-level access.

In large organizations, PIM helps distribute administrative tasks more safely by enabling temporary access for support teams, project-based work, or emergency scenarios without compromising long-term security. It also reduces dependency on a small number of permanent administrators and helps prevent burnout or misuse of powerful accounts. The ability to assign eligible roles instead of active roles ensures that privileged access is tightly controlled and used only when required.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing privileged roles because it provides robust access controls, improves accountability, enhances security, and supports regulatory compliance. By implementing PIM, organizations can minimize risks associated with privileged access, maintain stronger oversight over administrative activities, and ensure that only authorized personnel can perform high-impact tasks within defined and monitored time frames.

Question 199:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 apps from devices that are not Intune compliant. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation 

Conditional Access policies allow organizations to enforce device compliance requirements. Devices that are not compliant are blocked from accessing corporate resources, enhancing security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Require Intune enrollment and compliance.

Apply policies to Teams, SharePoint, Exchange Online, and other apps.

Audit access attempts for monitoring and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot enforce device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but does not enforce device compliance.

Enforcing device compliance through Conditional Access is one of the most effective ways to ensure that only trusted, properly secured devices can access corporate applications and data. As organizations increasingly support remote work, hybrid environments, and mobile productivity, users often connect from various locations and devices. While this flexibility improves productivity, it also introduces significant security risks if devices are not properly managed. Conditional Access policies help mitigate these risks by verifying that every device meets the organization’s compliance standards before access is granted.

Device compliance is typically managed through Microsoft Intune, where administrators can establish detailed compliance policies. These policies may include requirements such as enforcing encryption, enabling antivirus or endpoint security software, requiring minimum operating system versions, enabling firewall protection, preventing jailbroken or rooted devices, and enforcing secure password or PIN configurations. When Conditional Access evaluates a device, it checks compliance status through Intune. If the device fails to meet one or more requirements, access to corporate resources is denied until the device becomes compliant.

One major advantage of Conditional Access is its ability to apply different controls based on user groups, applications, or device platforms. For example, organizations can choose to require device compliance for all internal employees but allow limited access for guest users. They can also choose to enforce compliance only for high-risk applications such as SharePoint, OneDrive, Teams, or Exchange Online. This level of flexibility makes Conditional Access a powerful solution for applying security policies consistently and intelligently across the environment.

The benefits of enforcing device compliance are numerous. First, it protects corporate resources from untrusted devices. Without these policies, users may access sensitive information from outdated, insecure, or compromised devices, increasing the likelihood of data breaches. Device compliance ensures that only devices with proper security controls—such as encryption and up-to-date operating systems—can connect to the corporate environment.

Second, Conditional Access ensures consistent enforcement of security policies. Whether users are in the office, at home, or traveling, the device they use must meet the same security standards. This unified approach eliminates variations in security posture and ensures a predictable level of protection across the organization. It also simplifies the work of IT and security teams, who can rely on automated enforcement rather than manual checks or user-driven compliance.

Third, enforcing device compliance supports regulatory compliance and auditing. Many industries, such as healthcare, finance, and government, require organizations to control and monitor access to sensitive data. Conditional Access provides detailed audit logs showing which devices attempted access, whether they were compliant, and whether access was granted or blocked. These logs help organizations demonstrate compliance during audits and improve overall governance.

For example, consider a user attempting to access SharePoint from a personal laptop that has not been enrolled in Intune. Because the device does not meet compliance requirements, the Conditional Access policy blocks access and prompts the user to enroll the device or switch to a compliant one. Once the device is properly enrolled and meets all compliance standards—such as having encryption enabled and using a supported OS version—the user can access SharePoint normally. This automated process ensures that sensitive corporate content is accessed only from secure, managed devices.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy that requires device compliance ensures secure access to corporate resources by blocking untrusted or unmanaged devices. It maintains a strong security posture across the organization, supports auditing and regulatory requirements, and reduces the risk of unauthorized access or data exposure. By combining Conditional Access with Intune device management, organizations create a robust and scalable security framework suited for modern, flexible work environments.

Question 200:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation 

Guest users accessing corporate resources may introduce security risks. Conditional Access allows administrators to require MFA specifically for guest users, securing collaboration without impacting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply MFA policies to Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive.

Audit guest access for compliance and monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest accounts.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not manage guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces unauthorized access risks.

Provides auditing and compliance reports.

For example, an external contractor must complete MFA before accessing Teams resources. This additional verification step ensures that even if the contractor’s credentials are compromised, unauthorized access is prevented. Guest users often access corporate resources from personal or unmanaged devices, making strong authentication requirements essential in reducing security risks.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users and requiring MFA ensures secure collaboration by verifying the identity of external participants, preventing unauthorized access, and maintaining a strong security posture while still enabling seamless business communication and file sharing.