Cisco 300-715 Implementing and Configuring Cisco Identity Services Engine (300-715 SISE) Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set2 Q21-40

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Question 21

You want to allow employees to use their personal devices while ensuring they meet security requirements before accessing the network. Which Cisco ISE feature should you implement?

A) Guest Access
B) BYOD
C) TrustSec
D) Posture

Answer: B) BYOD

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) BYOD. BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) is specifically designed to manage personal employee devices while ensuring network security. It allows devices to securely connect to corporate networks after verifying that they meet corporate policies. The BYOD workflow in Cisco ISE includes device registration, profiling, and compliance enforcement. Employees register their devices through a self-service portal where the device can receive certificates, Wi-Fi configurations, and security profiles. Once onboarded, the device is profiled to determine attributes like operating system, device type, and manufacturer. This profiling allows ISE to enforce appropriate access policies based on device compliance, user role, or location.

A) Guest Access is incorrect because it is intended for temporary or external users like visitors or contractors. Guest Access provides limited network privileges and usually a self-registration portal, but it does not provide ongoing compliance checks or detailed access for personal employee devices. While Guest Access can restrict network resources for short-term users, it cannot handle continuous enforcement or personal device onboarding, which is a core requirement in this scenario.

B) BYOD is correct because it supports both device onboarding and ongoing security policy enforcement. Beyond registration, BYOD integrates with posture assessment, authorization policies, and VLAN assignments. For instance, a device may be granted full network access only after passing posture checks such as antivirus updates, firewall activation, or OS patch compliance. If a device fails these checks, it can be redirected to a remediation portal, placed in a restricted VLAN, or temporarily denied access. BYOD also supports dynamic access control, meaning if a device falls out of compliance after initial registration, ISE can automatically enforce restricted access or quarantine.

C) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec focuses on network segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs). While TrustSec can enforce access policies between segments or user roles, it does not provide device onboarding, registration, or posture evaluation. TrustSec operates at the network level rather than directly on the endpoints themselves.

D) Posture is partially related but insufficient alone. Posture checks compliance on devices but does not handle the onboarding or registration process for personal devices. It is often used in conjunction with BYOD to enforce endpoint security policies, but BYOD is the framework that provides the complete lifecycle management for personal devices.

B) BYOD is the most suitable solution for allowing personal devices to access corporate resources securely while enforcing compliance, while A), C), and D) either target temporary users, network segmentation, or endpoint health only.

Question 22

A company requires network access policies that allow different VLAN assignments based on user roles. Which Cisco ISE policy component handles this functionality?

A) Authentication Policy
B) Authorization Policy
C) Profiling Policy
D) Posture Policy

Answer: B) Authorization Policy

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Authorization Policy. In Cisco ISE, the authentication process first verifies a user or device’s identity, while the authorization process determines what network privileges that user or device receives. VLAN assignment is a classic example of a function performed during authorization. Authorization policies evaluate multiple conditions including user role, group membership, device type, location, and posture compliance to determine the appropriate level of network access.

A) Authentication Policy is incorrect because authentication only confirms identity against an external identity source, such as Active Directory or an internal database. Authentication ensures that the user or device is who they claim to be, but it does not assign VLANs or enforce access controls.

B) Authorization Policy is correct because it enforces network access rules after authentication. Using authorization conditions, administrators can dynamically assign VLANs to users or devices based on identity and role. For example, a Finance department user may be placed in VLAN 100, whereas a Sales user might be placed in VLAN 200. Authorization policies can also apply ACLs, posture-based restrictions, or redirect non-compliant devices to remediation portals.

C) Profiling Policy is incorrect because profiling identifies the device type, operating system, and other endpoint attributes. Profiling is used to provide additional information to authorization policies but does not directly assign VLANs or enforce access rules.

D) Posture Policy is incorrect because posture checks evaluate endpoint health, such as firewall status, antivirus presence, or patch compliance. Posture can influence authorization decisions but alone does not determine VLAN assignment.

Using B) Authorization Policy allows the organization to implement dynamic and granular network access control. It enables role-based assignments, supports dynamic VLAN allocation, and ensures that users receive network privileges appropriate to their identity, device type, and compliance status. By separating authentication from authorization, Cisco ISE achieves a flexible, scalable, and secure network access model.

Question 23

Which Cisco ISE feature allows temporary network access for contractors while keeping them isolated from corporate resources?

A) BYOD
B) Guest Access
C) Posture
D) TrustSec

Answer: B) Guest Access

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Guest Access. Guest Access in Cisco ISE is designed to provide temporary, controlled network access to external users, such as contractors, visitors, or business partners. Guest Access ensures that temporary users can access the network resources they need while remaining isolated from sensitive corporate systems. ISE provides self-service registration portals, voucher-based authentication, and sponsor approval workflows to facilitate secure onboarding. Network access can be restricted by VLANs, ACLs, and session expiration policies.

A) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD is meant for employees’ personal devices, not temporary external users. While BYOD integrates posture assessment and dynamic access policies, it is not suitable for providing temporary guest access.

B) Guest Access is correct because it provides features specifically tailored for temporary users. Guests can self-register or be sponsored, and ISE can assign VLANs, time-limited credentials, or limited ACLs. Logs and reports are maintained to track guest activity, ensuring accountability and compliance.

C) Posture is incorrect because it assesses compliance of endpoints, such as antivirus or firewall status. Posture helps enforce health-based policies but does not provide temporary onboarding or network isolation for guests.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because it focuses on network segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs). While it can enforce access between network segments, it does not manage temporary guest access or provide self-service portals.

Guest Access is the most suitable solution for isolating temporary users, ensuring security while maintaining usability, and providing complete reporting for auditing purposes.

Question 24

Which protocol does Cisco ISE primarily use to enforce network access for endpoints connecting to switches or wireless controllers?

A) TACACS+
B) RADIUS
C) SNMP
D) HTTP

Answer: B) RADIUS

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) RADIUS. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is the primary protocol used by Cisco ISE to authenticate, authorize, and enforce network access for endpoints connecting to network devices such as switches, routers, and wireless controllers. RADIUS communicates attributes such as VLAN assignment, ACLs, and downloadable policies, allowing dynamic and secure access control based on identity, role, or device posture.

A) TACACS+ is incorrect because TACACS+ is primarily used to secure administrative access to network devices. It authenticates administrators and authorizes commands but is not used for general endpoint network access.

B) RADIUS is correct because it handles authentication and authorization of users and devices for network access. It enables dynamic VLAN assignment, ACL enforcement, and role-based access control.

C) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is used for monitoring network devices and gathering information for profiling, not for authentication or access control.

D) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP is used for web-based portals, such as BYOD or guest registration, but not for enforcing network access at the switch or wireless controller level.

RADIUS provides secure AAA enforcement for endpoints, supports dynamic policies, and integrates with ISE’s authorization and posture services to deliver a robust network access solution.

Question 25

Which ISE node role processes RADIUS and TACACS+ requests in real-time?

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN)
B) Policy Service Node (PSN)
C) Monitoring Node (MnT)
D) Guest Node

Answer: B) Policy Service Node (PSN)

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Policy Service Node (PSN). In a Cisco ISE deployment, the PSN is responsible for enforcing authentication and authorization policies in real-time. PSNs process RADIUS and TACACS+ requests from network devices or administrators. They evaluate conditions such as user identity, group membership, device type, location, and posture compliance to determine appropriate access privileges. PSNs return responses to switches, routers, or wireless controllers, dynamically enforcing VLAN assignments, ACLs, or administrative privileges.

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN) is incorrect because the PAN is responsible for managing configuration and creating policies. It does not process real-time RADIUS or TACACS+ requests.

B) Policy Service Node (PSN) is correct because it handles enforcement of AAA policies, ensuring that endpoints or administrators receive proper access in real-time. PSNs provide redundancy and scalability in distributed deployments.

C) Monitoring Node (MnT) is incorrect because MnTs focus on logging, reporting, and troubleshooting. While they collect and aggregate AAA logs, they do not enforce policies.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because it provides guest self-service portals and voucher management. It does not process real-time network access requests for endpoints or administrators.

PSNs are essential for distributed ISE deployments to achieve high availability, load balancing, and secure policy enforcement.

Question 26

An administrator wants to enforce network access based on the security posture of endpoints, such as antivirus status and firewall settings. Which ISE feature should be implemented?

A) BYOD
B) Guest Access
C) Posture
D) TrustSec

Answer: C) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is C) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture is designed to evaluate the health of endpoints and enforce network access policies based on compliance. Posture assessment checks security attributes such as antivirus status, firewall configuration, and operating system patches. Endpoints that meet compliance requirements can be granted full network access, while non-compliant endpoints can be placed in restricted VLANs, denied access, or redirected to remediation portals. Posture ensures that the network remains protected from malware, vulnerabilities, or misconfigured devices.

A) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD primarily handles onboarding personal employee devices. While BYOD often integrates with posture assessment, it does not itself enforce compliance checks. BYOD focuses on registering, provisioning, and managing devices, not evaluating security posture in real-time.

B) Guest Access is incorrect because it is designed for temporary users such as contractors or visitors. Guest Access provides limited network privileges, VLAN isolation, and self-registration portals but does not evaluate endpoint security posture before granting access.

C) Posture is correct because it directly enforces security policies based on the endpoint’s health. Posture uses agent-based or agentless mechanisms to gather compliance information. Agent-based posture involves installing a lightweight agent on the endpoint, which reports compliance data to ISE. Agentless posture leverages network protocols like RADIUS, DHCP, and SNMP to evaluate device health without installing software. Posture policies are highly flexible, allowing administrators to define conditions, remediation actions, and dynamic VLAN assignments based on compliance.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec focuses on network segmentation and access control using Security Group Tags (SGTs). TrustSec can enforce role-based policies at the network layer but does not evaluate endpoint health. TrustSec operates in conjunction with ISE authorization policies but is not a compliance enforcement mechanism.

Posture ensures that endpoints connecting to the network meet corporate security standards. By integrating posture with authorization policies, administrators can dynamically enforce access control and reduce the risk of compromised devices spreading malware. For example, a device lacking updated antivirus definitions could be placed in a quarantine VLAN until compliance is restored. Posture assessment is critical in large organizations where diverse devices access sensitive resources, providing automated enforcement, policy-driven access, and comprehensive remediation workflows. In summary, C) Posture provides the necessary mechanism to enforce endpoint security, while A), B), and D) either address device management, temporary access, or network segmentation without evaluating compliance.

Question 27

Which ISE node role is responsible for logging and reporting AAA activity?

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN)
B) Policy Service Node (PSN)
C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT)
D) Guest Node

Answer: C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT)

Explanation:

The correct answer is C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT). MnT nodes in Cisco ISE are responsible for aggregating, storing, and analyzing logs generated by authentication, authorization, and accounting processes. They provide centralized reporting, real-time dashboards, and long-term storage of events for compliance auditing. MnTs collect information from PSNs and other nodes, including RADIUS and TACACS+ events, posture assessment results, BYOD device registrations, and guest access activity. This comprehensive logging allows administrators to monitor network activity, troubleshoot issues, and generate reports required for regulatory compliance.

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN) is incorrect because the PAN manages configuration, policy creation, and deployment. While it distributes policies to PSNs, it does not process real-time AAA logs or generate reporting. The PAN’s primary function is administrative and not operational monitoring.

B) Policy Service Node (PSN) is incorrect because PSNs handle real-time authentication and authorization. While PSNs process AAA requests and generate raw event logs, they are not optimized for long-term storage or report generation. PSNs focus on policy enforcement, leaving MnT nodes responsible for analysis and visualization.

C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT) is correct because it centralizes the collection of logs from PSNs and other nodes. MnTs provide detailed insights into authentication successes and failures, authorization decisions, device profiling, guest activity, and BYOD onboarding. They also allow for real-time monitoring of endpoints, administrators, and network devices. MnTs support generating reports for regulatory requirements such as PCI DSS, HIPAA, or ISO standards, and provide troubleshooting tools for administrators to identify network issues.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes handle guest onboarding and self-service portal functions. They do not generate comprehensive AAA reports or provide centralized logging for network-wide activity.

By using C) MnT, organizations gain visibility and accountability across the network. MnTs enable administrators to review trends, detect anomalies, and ensure compliance. For example, an MnT can show which endpoints consistently fail posture checks, which users frequently attempt unauthorized access, or which guest accounts have expired. MnTs also integrate with alerting and reporting tools, providing a complete monitoring solution. In conclusion, MnT nodes are essential for logging, reporting, and troubleshooting, while PAN, PSN, and Guest nodes serve other critical but non-reporting roles.

Question 28

Which Cisco ISE feature enables role-based access control using Security Group Tags (SGTs)?

A) BYOD
B) Posture
C) TrustSec
D) Guest Access

Answer: C) TrustSec

Explanation:

The correct answer is C) TrustSec. Cisco TrustSec is an identity-based network segmentation solution integrated with ISE. TrustSec assigns Security Group Tags (SGTs) to users, devices, or endpoints to enforce role-based access control across the network. SGTs are used by network devices such as switches, routers, and firewalls to apply security policies dynamically. By tagging traffic based on identity rather than IP address or VLAN, TrustSec allows administrators to implement scalable, flexible, and granular access controls.

A) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD handles personal device onboarding and access provisioning. While BYOD may assign roles, it does not implement network segmentation using SGTs. BYOD focuses on ensuring personal devices are compliant and authorized, not on tagging traffic for enforcement.

B) Posture is incorrect because posture evaluates endpoint compliance with security policies. Posture determines whether a device meets antivirus, firewall, or patch requirements but does not assign SGTs or enforce network segmentation.

C) TrustSec is correct because it leverages SGTs to enforce policies based on user role, device type, or security group membership. For example, employees in the Finance department could have an SGT allowing access to financial resources while preventing access to engineering servers. TrustSec allows dynamic policy enforcement across multiple network segments without requiring complex VLAN architectures, reducing administrative overhead.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because it manages temporary access for visitors or contractors. Guest Access can limit VLANs or ACLs for temporary users but does not provide scalable SGT-based segmentation.

TrustSec integrates with ISE authorization policies to create a consistent security framework across wired and wireless networks. It allows administrators to dynamically enforce access policies based on identity, user role, and device attributes. This approach reduces reliance on IP-based ACLs and simplifies network segmentation. In summary, TrustSec is the feature that enables identity-based role enforcement using SGTs, while BYOD, Posture, and Guest Access serve other access control and endpoint management purposes.

Question 29

Which ISE protocol is primarily used for administrator access to network devices?

A) RADIUS
B) TACACS+
C) SNMP
D) HTTP

Answer: B) TACACS+

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) TACACS+. TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus) is a protocol designed for securing administrative access to network devices. TACACS+ separates authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) functions, allowing granular control over who can access devices and which commands they can execute. Cisco ISE can authenticate administrators against an internal database or external identity sources, authorize command execution at the privilege level, and log all administrative actions for auditing.

A) RADIUS is incorrect because RADIUS is primarily used for authenticating and authorizing end-user network access, such as VLAN assignment, ACLs, and dynamic access. While RADIUS supports AAA, it is not designed for granular command-level control on network devices.

B) TACACS+ is correct because it provides detailed control over administrative sessions, enabling per-command authorization, session accounting, and auditing. Administrators can have read-only or full-privilege access depending on their role. TACACS+ is widely used to centralize administrative security while maintaining accountability.

C) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol, used to gather statistics and monitor network devices, not for authentication or command authorization.

D) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP is a transport protocol used for web interfaces, including portals for BYOD or guest access. It does not enforce administrative access policies on network devices.

TACACS+ is critical in environments with multiple network administrators. It ensures that command-level actions are authorized, logged, and traceable, providing both security and accountability. By implementing TACACS+ with ISE, organizations can enforce consistent administrative policies across switches, routers, and firewalls.

Question 30

Which ISE component allows endpoints to connect to the network only after verifying identity and posture compliance?

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN)
B) Policy Service Node (PSN)
C) Monitoring Node (MnT)
D) Guest Node

Answer: B) Policy Service Node (PSN)

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Policy Service Node (PSN). PSNs are the enforcement nodes in Cisco ISE deployments that process real-time authentication, authorization, and accounting requests. When an endpoint connects to the network, PSNs evaluate identity, authorization policies, and posture compliance. Based on the results, PSNs send responses to switches, routers, or wireless controllers to grant access, assign VLANs, or redirect endpoints to remediation portals.

A) PAN is incorrect because it manages configuration and policy creation but does not process real-time authentication or authorization requests.

B) PSN is correct because it enforces all AAA policies in real-time. PSNs ensure that endpoints meet corporate security standards and that access decisions are dynamically applied.

C) MnT is incorrect because it aggregates logs and generates reports but does not enforce policies on endpoints.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because it provides self-service portals for guest onboarding, not policy enforcement for corporate endpoints.

PSNs are critical for scalability and redundancy, ensuring continuous enforcement of identity, posture, and access control policies across the network.

Question 31

Which Cisco ISE feature can dynamically restrict access to endpoints that fail compliance checks while allowing remediation?

A) BYOD
B) Guest Access
C) Posture
D) TrustSec

Answer: C) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is C) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture is a mechanism for enforcing endpoint compliance before granting network access. When endpoints connect to the network, ISE can evaluate whether the device meets security policies, such as having updated antivirus software, enabled firewalls, or recent operating system patches. If a device fails these checks, Posture can dynamically restrict access, placing the device in a restricted VLAN, quarantining it, or redirecting it to a remediation portal. This approach ensures that non-compliant endpoints do not compromise network security while allowing users to remediate their devices and eventually gain full access.

A) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on onboarding and provisioning personal devices. While BYOD can work alongside posture, it does not inherently enforce compliance checks or dynamically restrict access. BYOD handles registration, certificate deployment, and configuration of personal endpoints but relies on Posture to enforce health-based access policies.

B) Guest Access is incorrect because it is designed to provide temporary network access for contractors or visitors. While Guest Access can restrict VLANs or apply ACLs, it does not evaluate compliance or dynamically enforce restrictions based on endpoint health. Guest Access focuses on usability and temporary isolation rather than security enforcement.

C) Posture is correct because it enables ISE to enforce conditional access policies. Posture assessment can be either agent-based, requiring software installed on endpoints, or agentless, leveraging network protocols like RADIUS, DHCP, and SNMP. Agent-based posture allows detailed health checks for Windows, macOS, or mobile devices, while agentless posture enables evaluation for devices that cannot install software. Once a device is assessed, authorization policies determine whether the device receives full network access, restricted access, or is directed to remediation resources. This dynamic policy enforcement is critical in large enterprises with diverse devices to ensure network security while allowing legitimate users to remediate and gain access.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec focuses on network segmentation and applying Security Group Tags (SGTs) for role-based access. TrustSec does not evaluate endpoint compliance; it enforces access based on identity and network policies rather than device health. While TrustSec can isolate endpoints based on SGTs, it does not dynamically redirect non-compliant devices to remediation resources, which is a key capability of Posture.

Posture allows administrators to enforce health-based access policies while enabling remediation workflows. BYOD handles device registration, Guest Access handles temporary users, and TrustSec enforces identity-based network segmentation. Only Posture provides dynamic compliance evaluation and remediation-based access enforcement, making it essential for maintaining endpoint security across corporate networks.

Question 32

Which ISE policy component evaluates endpoint attributes to determine the type of network access granted?

A) Authentication Policy
B) Authorization Policy
C) Profiling Policy
D) Posture Policy

Answer: B) Authorization Policy

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Authorization Policy. Cisco ISE uses a two-step access control process: authentication and authorization. While authentication confirms the identity of a user or endpoint, authorization determines what type of network access the endpoint receives. Authorization policies evaluate conditions such as user role, group membership, device type, location, and posture compliance to enforce access control decisions. This may include assigning VLANs, ACLs, downloadable policies, or redirecting endpoints to remediation portals if compliance fails. Authorization policies provide the flexibility to apply dynamic and granular network access based on endpoint and user attributes.

A) Authentication Policy is incorrect because it only verifies identity. Authentication ensures that a user or device is valid but does not assign privileges, VLANs, or ACLs. Without authorization, the endpoint would not receive network access decisions.

B) Authorization Policy is correct because it evaluates all attributes collected from authentication and profiling, applying conditions to determine access levels. For example, endpoints with a specific operating system and antivirus compliance may receive full access, whereas guest devices or non-compliant endpoints may be restricted. Authorization policies also integrate with Posture services, enabling dynamic access control based on real-time compliance checks. By combining identity, device attributes, and posture, administrators can create comprehensive network access rules that align with corporate security policies.

C) Profiling Policy is incorrect because profiling identifies device types, operating systems, and other endpoint characteristics. Profiling provides inputs for authorization policies but does not itself enforce access rules. Profiling ensures that ISE knows the type of endpoint connecting to the network, which is then used by the authorization policy to determine access.

D) Posture Policy is incorrect because posture evaluates device health, such as firewall and antivirus status, but does not determine access decisions on its own. Posture results are used by the authorization policy to decide whether to allow full access, restrict access, or redirect endpoints for remediation.

In practice, Authorization Policies in ISE are highly flexible. They allow granular role-based access control, VLAN assignment, downloadable ACLs, and redirection for remediation. The combination of authorization policies with profiling and posture ensures that only compliant endpoints and authenticated users gain appropriate access, reducing security risks and improving operational efficiency. Authorization policies are the decision-making component in ISE, transforming authentication and profiling data into actionable access controls.

Question 33

Which Cisco ISE feature allows secure onboarding of personal devices for employees?

A) Guest Access
B) BYOD
C) Posture
D) TrustSec

Answer: B) BYOD

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) BYOD. BYOD in Cisco ISE provides a framework for securely onboarding employee-owned devices. BYOD workflows allow personal laptops, smartphones, and tablets to access corporate resources after meeting security and compliance requirements. Devices are registered through a self-service portal, where certificates, Wi-Fi profiles, and security configurations are provisioned. Once registered, ISE profiles the device to determine attributes such as device type, OS, and manufacturer. Authorization policies then determine the network access level granted to each device based on these attributes.

A) Guest Access is incorrect because it is meant for temporary or external users. Guest Access provides limited network privileges for visitors or contractors but does not handle ongoing employee device onboarding or security compliance.

B) BYOD is correct because it supports secure onboarding of employee devices. Beyond registration, BYOD integrates with posture assessment and authorization policies to ensure devices meet security standards before receiving access. Dynamic policies can assign VLANs, apply ACLs, or restrict network privileges based on compliance, device type, or user role. BYOD also supports ongoing monitoring, ensuring that devices remain compliant after initial onboarding.

C) Posture is incorrect because it focuses solely on evaluating endpoint health. While posture is an essential part of BYOD, it does not manage registration, certificate deployment, or Wi-Fi configuration for personal devices. Posture determines if the device is compliant but does not provide a complete onboarding workflow.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because it enforces network segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs). TrustSec does not handle device onboarding or registration; it manages access based on identity and SGTs after the device is already connected and authenticated.

BYOD allows organizations to balance usability and security by enabling employees to use personal devices while enforcing policies that protect corporate resources. It integrates device registration, compliance enforcement, and dynamic access control into a single framework, ensuring both convenience and security.

Question 34

Which protocol is used by Cisco ISE to enforce network access for endpoints connecting to network devices?

A) TACACS+
B) RADIUS
C) SNMP
D) HTTP

Answer: B) RADIUS

Explanation:
The correct answer is B) RADIUS. RADIUS is the primary protocol used by Cisco ISE for authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) of endpoints connecting to network devices such as switches, routers, and wireless controllers. RADIUS allows ISE to dynamically assign VLANs, ACLs, or downloadable policies based on user identity, device type, or posture compliance. It carries attributes necessary for enforcing network access policies, providing both security and flexibility.

A) TACACS+ is incorrect because TACACS+ is primarily used for administrative access to network devices. It focuses on authenticating and authorizing administrative commands rather than general endpoint network access.

B) RADIUS is correct because it is designed to enforce network access policies for users and devices. RADIUS responses from ISE determine the level of access granted, such as VLAN assignments, ACL enforcement, or redirection to posture remediation portals.

C) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol, used to collect device statistics or profile endpoints, not for enforcing network access.

D) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP is used for web-based portals, such as BYOD registration or guest access. While ISE uses HTTP for portal interfaces, it does not enforce real-time network access through switches or controllers.

RADIUS is the backbone of ISE’s endpoint access enforcement, supporting dynamic, role-based policies that integrate identity, profiling, and posture assessments.

Question 35

Which ISE node is responsible for managing configuration, creating policies, and deploying them to other nodes?

A) Policy Service Node (PSN)
B) Policy Administration Node (PAN)
C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT)
D) Guest Node

Answer: B) Policy Administration Node (PAN)

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Policy Administration Node (PAN). In Cisco ISE architecture, the PAN is the administrative component that centralizes configuration and policy management. All configuration tasks, including defining authentication and authorization policies, posture policies, BYOD workflows, guest access settings, and TrustSec SGT mappings, are performed on the PAN. Once policies are defined, the PAN distributes them to Policy Service Nodes (PSNs), which enforce these policies in real-time across the network. The PAN ensures consistency in policy application across a distributed ISE deployment, enabling scalable and centralized network security management.

A) Policy Service Node (PSN) is incorrect because PSNs are responsible for policy enforcement, not configuration management. PSNs handle real-time RADIUS and TACACS+ requests, evaluate authentication, authorization, and posture policies, and apply access control on endpoints. They rely on the PAN to receive updated policies and configuration changes. While PSNs are critical for enforcement and scalability, they are not used for policy creation or system administration.

B) Policy Administration Node (PAN) is correct because it provides a centralized interface for administrators to configure and manage the entire ISE deployment. The PAN stores configuration data and ensures it is consistently applied to all PSNs. It also manages system certificates, node groups, and integration with external identity sources such as Active Directory or LDAP. Administrators interact with the PAN via the ISE GUI or CLI to perform tasks such as policy creation, node management, and deployment. Centralized management simplifies large-scale deployments and reduces administrative errors.

C) Monitoring and Troubleshooting Node (MnT) is incorrect because MnT nodes focus on logging, reporting, and monitoring system health. MnT nodes collect AAA logs, posture results, guest activity, and other operational data. While essential for auditing, compliance, and troubleshooting, MnTs do not participate in policy creation or distribution.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes provide self-service portals for temporary or external users. Guest Nodes handle guest registration, voucher management, and session monitoring but do not manage or distribute system-wide policies.

The PAN is a critical component of Cisco ISE because it separates administrative configuration from policy enforcement. By centralizing configuration, the PAN ensures that all PSNs receive consistent policy definitions, which enhances security, reduces configuration errors, and simplifies network management. For example, an administrator can define VLAN assignments for a user role on the PAN and have all PSNs enforce it automatically without manual intervention on each node. The PAN also allows administrators to define global settings, integrate external identity sources, and manage certificate authorities. In conclusion, the PAN is essential for configuration, policy creation, and deployment, while PSN, MnT, and Guest Nodes serve enforcement, monitoring, and guest management roles.

Question 36

Which Cisco ISE feature allows temporary network access for external users such as contractors or visitors while isolating them from corporate resources?

A) BYOD
B) Guest Access
C) TrustSec
D) Posture

Answer: B) Guest Access

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Guest Access. Cisco ISE Guest Access is specifically designed to provide controlled, temporary network access to external users, such as contractors, vendors, or visitors. Guest Access allows organizations to securely isolate these users from sensitive corporate resources while still enabling connectivity to necessary systems, such as the internet or specific services. Guest Access typically leverages self-registration portals, sponsor approval workflows, and voucher-based authentication to manage access. Administrators can assign VLANs, enforce ACLs, and configure time-limited sessions to ensure that guest users cannot compromise network security.

A) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD is intended for employee-owned devices. BYOD facilitates secure onboarding and ongoing compliance for personal devices, integrating posture checks, certificate deployment, and role-based access. While BYOD can control network access, it is not designed to provide temporary access for external users.

B) Guest Access is correct because it provides all the required mechanisms for temporary access. Self-service portals allow guests to register themselves, while sponsor workflows enable employees to approve guest requests. Time-limited credentials ensure that access is automatically revoked after a specified duration. Additionally, network segmentation through VLAN assignment and ACLs isolates guest traffic from corporate systems, mitigating security risks. Guest Access also provides detailed reporting and logging, ensuring administrators can track activity for auditing and compliance purposes.

C) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec is focused on identity-based network segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs). While TrustSec can enforce access policies for specific roles, it does not provide temporary self-service access for external users. TrustSec is primarily used to control access within corporate resources, not to manage guest onboarding.

D) Posture is incorrect because Posture evaluates endpoint compliance, such as firewall settings, antivirus presence, and OS patch levels. While posture assessment can influence access policies, it does not provide mechanisms for temporary guest onboarding or isolation.

Guest Access ensures secure and controlled connectivity for external users. For example, a contractor visiting a corporate office can receive a temporary username and password, be automatically assigned to a restricted VLAN, and only access permitted resources for the duration of their visit. Logs of guest activity are maintained for auditing and regulatory compliance. Combining Guest Access with authorization policies, VLAN assignments, and ACLs ensures that temporary users can perform their tasks without compromising corporate security. In summary, Guest Access is the dedicated solution for temporary external network access, whereas BYOD, TrustSec, and Posture serve other functions such as device onboarding, segmentation, and endpoint compliance.

Question 37

Which protocol is primarily used by Cisco ISE to authenticate and authorize administrators on network devices?

A) RADIUS
B) TACACS+
C) SNMP
D) HTTP

Answer: B) TACACS+

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) TACACS+. TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus) is used to secure administrative access to network devices. Unlike RADIUS, which is primarily used for endpoint access, TACACS+ provides separation of authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) functions for network administrators. This allows fine-grained control over who can access devices, what commands they can execute, and provides detailed logging for auditing purposes. Cisco ISE integrates with TACACS+ to centralize administrator access management across switches, routers, and firewalls.

A) RADIUS is incorrect because RADIUS is mainly used for endpoint access control, such as assigning VLANs, applying ACLs, and dynamically controlling access based on user identity or posture compliance. While RADIUS supports AAA, it does not provide detailed command-level authorization for administrators.

B) TACACS+ is correct because it enables command-level authorization, administrator authentication, and detailed accounting of administrative actions. Administrators can be granted read-only, limited, or full privileges, and all commands executed are logged for auditing. TACACS+ allows organizations to enforce consistent access policies across network devices and ensures accountability for configuration changes.

C) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol. It is used to collect statistics, monitor device health, and assist with device profiling but does not manage authentication or authorization for administrative users.

D) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP is a transport protocol used for web-based interfaces, including BYOD or guest registration portals. While administrators may access GUI interfaces using HTTP or HTTPS, these protocols do not enforce AAA for device commands.

TACACS+ provides centralized management of administrative access and ensures compliance with security policies. By using ISE as a TACACS+ server, organizations can enforce role-based access, command restrictions, and maintain audit logs across a large number of network devices. It enhances security by separating admin authentication from user access, preventing unauthorized changes, and enabling accountability.

Question 38

Which ISE node is responsible for enforcing authentication, authorization, and posture policies in real-time?

A) Policy Administration Node (PAN)
B) Policy Service Node (PSN)
C) Monitoring Node (MnT)
D) Guest Node

Answer: B) Policy Service Node (PSN)

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Policy Service Node (PSN). PSNs are responsible for enforcing policies defined on the PAN and processing RADIUS and TACACS+ requests in real-time. When an endpoint attempts to connect, the PSN evaluates authentication credentials, applies authorization rules, and checks posture compliance before granting network access. PSNs return responses to network devices, such as VLAN assignments or ACL downloads, ensuring that access decisions are enforced dynamically.

A) PAN is incorrect because it handles administrative configuration, policy creation, and deployment. PAN does not process real-time authentication or authorization requests and relies on PSNs for enforcement.

B) PSN is correct because it acts as the enforcement point. PSNs can handle large volumes of RADIUS and TACACS+ requests, integrate posture results, and apply dynamic access policies based on device and user attributes. This makes PSNs critical for scalable and high-performance ISE deployments.

C) MnT is incorrect because MnTs collect logs, provide reporting, and assist with troubleshooting. They do not participate in real-time policy enforcement.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes provide self-service portals for guest registration but do not enforce AAA policies on endpoints connecting to the network.

PSNs are fundamental to ISE architecture, ensuring policy enforcement is consistent and scalable. They work in conjunction with the PAN for configuration, MnT for reporting, and Guest Nodes for temporary user access.

Question 39

Which Cisco ISE feature assigns VLANs, ACLs, or downloadable policies based on endpoint type and user role?

A) Authentication Policy
B) Authorization Policy
C) Posture
D) Guest Access

Answer: B) Authorization Policy

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Authorization Policy. Authorization policies in ISE evaluate attributes collected during authentication and profiling, such as user role, group membership, device type, location, and posture compliance. Based on these conditions, endpoints can be dynamically assigned VLANs, ACLs, or downloadable policies (DAPs). Authorization policies provide the flexibility to apply role-based and device-aware access control across wired and wireless networks.

A) Authentication Policy is incorrect because authentication only verifies identity; it does not determine network privileges.

B) Authorization Policy is correct because it enforces network access decisions, assigns VLANs, applies ACLs, and redirects non-compliant endpoints for remediation. Authorization is dynamic and integrates with posture, BYOD, and TrustSec to ensure granular control.

C) Posture is incorrect because it evaluates endpoint health but does not directly assign VLANs or ACLs. Posture results are used by authorization policies to enforce decisions.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because it provides temporary access and limited VLAN or ACL assignments for guests but is not the primary mechanism for assigning policies based on role and device type for corporate endpoints.

Authorization policies are the central component for network access control, translating identity and device attributes into enforceable actions.

Question 40

Which Cisco ISE protocol allows endpoints to be evaluated without installing an agent?

A) Agent-based Posture
B) Agentless Posture
C) RADIUS
D) TACACS+

Answer: B) Agentless Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is B) Agentless Posture. Agentless Posture allows endpoints to be assessed for compliance without requiring software installation. It leverages network protocols such as RADIUS, DHCP, and SNMP to gather device information, evaluate firewall and antivirus status, and determine compliance. This is ideal for BYOD, guest devices, or systems that cannot run an agent. Agentless posture integrates with authorization policies to allow, restrict, or redirect non-compliant endpoints to remediation resources.

A) Agent-based Posture is incorrect because it requires a software agent on the endpoint to report compliance. While more detailed, it is not suitable for unmanaged devices.

B) Agentless Posture is correct because it evaluates devices passively through network data, enabling assessment without software deployment.

C) RADIUS is incorrect because it is used for authentication and authorization, not direct posture evaluation.

D) TACACS+ is incorrect because it is used for administrative access control, not endpoint compliance evaluation.

Agentless posture provides a scalable, low-impact method to enforce compliance across diverse endpoints while maintaining network security and usability.