Cisco 300-715 Implementing and Configuring Cisco Identity Services Engine (300-715 SISE) Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set7 Q121-140

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Question 121

Which ISE feature enables automatic classification of endpoints based on device attributes, such as MAC address, OS type, and manufacturer?

A) Profiling
B) Posture
C) BYOD
D) Guest Access

Answer: A) Profiling

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Profiling. Cisco ISE Profiling automates the identification and classification of endpoints attempting to access the network. Profiling collects information about devices, such as MAC addresses, operating systems, device types, manufacturers, and other network attributes. The system uses this information to create endpoint profiles, which are then leveraged to enforce authorization policies. Profiling provides a comprehensive view of all devices connecting to the network, allowing administrators to apply dynamic access control rules based on device type or compliance status.

A) Profiling is correct because it analyzes attributes from multiple sources, such as DHCP, RADIUS, SNMP, NetFlow, and HTTP headers, to determine the identity and type of each device. Once profiled, devices can be categorized as corporate laptops, personal mobile devices, IoT endpoints, printers, or unknown devices. This classification helps in applying differentiated policies. For example, corporate laptops may receive full network access, IoT devices may be restricted to specific VLANs, and unknown endpoints may be placed in quarantine for further inspection. Profiling also works with posture, BYOD, and TrustSec to ensure that dynamic and context-aware access control is applied consistently across all endpoints.

B) Posture is incorrect because posture evaluates endpoint compliance against security policies, such as antivirus status, firewall configuration, or patch levels. While posture can inform access decisions, it does not automatically classify device types.

C) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on the onboarding and provisioning of employee-owned devices rather than device identification.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access handles temporary user registration and sponsor approval workflows rather than identifying or classifying endpoints.

Profiling is critical in modern enterprise networks where thousands of devices, including IoT, BYOD, and corporate endpoints, connect dynamically. By automatically classifying devices, administrators can enforce security policies more efficiently, reduce administrative effort, and ensure compliance. Profiling also improves threat detection, as unknown or suspicious devices can be quickly identified and remediated. Integration with authorization policies enables dynamic assignment of VLANs, ACLs, and Security Group Tags (SGTs), enhancing network segmentation and reducing the risk of unauthorized access. Profiling also provides valuable reporting for network audits, operational monitoring, and capacity planning, making it an indispensable component of a comprehensive Cisco ISE deployment.

Question 122

Which ISE node processes real-time authentication and authorization requests from endpoints and applies enforcement actions?

A) PSN
B) PAN
C) MnT
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) PSN

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) PSN. Policy Service Nodes (PSNs) in Cisco ISE are the enforcement points responsible for processing authentication and authorization requests from network devices. PSNs handle requests from switches, wireless controllers, and VPN concentrators, evaluating contextual attributes such as user identity, device profile, posture compliance, and location. Based on this evaluation, PSNs determine whether access should be granted or denied and enforce actions such as VLAN assignment, ACLs, and Security Group Tag (SGT) allocation.

A) PSN is correct because PSNs perform real-time enforcement of access policies. They act on the policies defined on the Policy Administration Node (PAN) and apply them to each authentication request received. PSNs are capable of handling high volumes of requests, making them essential for scalability and redundancy in large deployments. PSNs also integrate posture results, profiling information, and contextual attributes to enforce dynamic, adaptive policies. For example, a corporate laptop may be granted full network access, whereas a non-compliant device may be redirected to a remediation VLAN.

B) PAN is incorrect because the Policy Administration Node is used for policy creation, configuration management, and policy distribution, but it does not handle real-time authentication or authorization requests.

C) MnT is incorrect because Monitoring and Troubleshooting nodes aggregate logs, generate reports, and provide operational visibility, but they do not process authentication or enforce policies.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage self-registration portals and sponsor workflows for temporary users, and they are not involved in enforcement of network access for all endpoints.

PSNs are a cornerstone of Cisco ISE architecture. By separating policy enforcement from administration (PAN) and monitoring (MnT), PSNs enable distributed, scalable, and redundant access control. They provide high availability, load balancing, and the ability to handle peak authentication loads without impacting network performance. PSNs ensure that all endpoints are evaluated against the latest policies, integrating posture, profiling, BYOD, and TrustSec information for adaptive access control. This allows organizations to implement context-aware security, mitigate risks from non-compliant or rogue devices, and ensure consistent enforcement across the enterprise network. PSNs also log all access events, feeding MnT nodes and enabling auditing, troubleshooting, and compliance reporting. Overall, PSNs are critical for real-time policy enforcement and the secure operation of Cisco ISE deployments.

Question 123

Which ISE feature enables temporary users to register themselves or be approved by a sponsor for network access?

A) Guest Access
B) BYOD
C) Posture
D) TrustSec

Answer: A) Guest Access

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Guest Access. Cisco ISE Guest Access is designed to provide temporary users, such as contractors, visitors, or vendors, with secure network connectivity. Guest Access supports self-registration portals, allowing users to create accounts, or sponsor approval workflows, where an internal user validates the guest’s credentials. Once approved, the guest account is assigned specific network access permissions, VLANs, and ACLs, and the account is typically time-bound to automatically expire after a defined period.

A) Guest Access is correct because it manages the full lifecycle of temporary users. The feature allows IT administrators to define policies for access level, duration, and authorization based on guest type. Integration with ISE authorization policies ensures that guest access is role-based, restricting access to sensitive resources while providing sufficient connectivity for productive use. Guest Access also supports auditing and reporting, providing visibility into guest activity and compliance for regulatory purposes. The use of sponsor approvals ensures that only authorized temporary users can access the network.

B) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD is focused on onboarding employee-owned devices and does not manage temporary guest workflows.

C) Posture is incorrect because posture evaluates the compliance of devices, such as antivirus or patch status, rather than managing temporary accounts or approvals.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation using Security Group Tags but does not manage temporary users or sponsor workflows.

Guest Access is crucial for organizations that frequently host visitors or contractors, providing controlled, secure, and auditable network access. By automating the registration process and applying role-based restrictions, organizations reduce administrative overhead while maintaining a secure environment. Integration with ISE policies ensures that guest users are restricted from sensitive systems, their network activity is logged for auditing, and temporary accounts automatically expire, mitigating security risks. Guest Access provides a balance between usability and security, ensuring temporary users have access while protecting corporate resources.

Question 124

Which ISE protocol provides detailed command-level authorization for administrators on network devices while logging all actions?

A) TACACS+
B) RADIUS
C) HTTP
D) SNMP

Answer: A) TACACS+

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) TACACS+. TACACS+ (Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus) is a protocol used to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) for administrative users accessing network devices. Unlike RADIUS, which is primarily for endpoint network access, TACACS+ allows command-level control, meaning administrators can restrict or grant permissions for specific commands on routers, switches, firewalls, or other managed devices. TACACS+ logs all actions, creating a detailed audit trail for compliance, security monitoring, and forensic investigations.

A) TACACS+ is correct because it provides granular administrative control and accountability. For example, junior engineers can be restricted to read-only commands while senior engineers can execute configuration changes. Each command issued is logged, allowing organizations to maintain detailed records of administrative activity. Integration with Cisco ISE ensures that policies are applied consistently across all managed devices, simplifying security management. TACACS+ also supports centralized authentication using enterprise identity stores, such as Active Directory, which improves operational efficiency.

B) RADIUS is incorrect because RADIUS primarily authenticates endpoints for network access, such as VPN or Wi-Fi clients, and does not provide command-level authorization.

C) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP is used for web portals, such as BYOD onboarding or guest registration, and is not used for command authorization.

D) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol used for device statistics and performance tracking; it does not enforce administrative access controls or log command execution.

TACACS+ is vital in large networks where multiple administrators need different levels of access. By centralizing authentication and authorization, TACACS+ reduces risk, enforces accountability, and ensures compliance with internal policies and external regulations. Its integration with ISE allows for unified policy management, command logging, and auditing, making administrative access both secure and auditable.

Question 125

Which ISE feature evaluates endpoint security compliance and redirects non-compliant devices to a remediation portal?

A) Posture
B) BYOD
C) Guest Access
D) TrustSec

Answer: A) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture evaluates the security status of endpoints before granting network access. It checks for attributes such as antivirus installation, firewall status, operating system patching, and other compliance indicators. Devices that do not meet the required standards can be redirected to a remediation portal, where users are guided through steps to bring their device into compliance. Posture ensures that only compliant devices gain access to critical network resources, reducing the risk of malware, vulnerabilities, or unauthorized access.

A) Posture is correct because it integrates with authorization policies to enforce adaptive access controls. For example, if a device lacks the latest security patches, ISE can restrict its access to a VLAN with internet-only connectivity or direct it to a remediation server. Posture can operate agent-based, where a lightweight client on the endpoint evaluates compliance, or agentless, which leverages network information for evaluation.

B) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on securely onboarding employee-owned devices, not evaluating compliance post-connection.

C) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access is for temporary users, not endpoint compliance assessment.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation but does not evaluate device security compliance or perform remediation.

Posture is a critical component of network security, enabling organizations to enforce compliance dynamically and maintain a secure environment. By integrating posture checks with authorization policies, ISE ensures that only trusted devices can access sensitive resources while providing self-remediation paths for users. Posture also supports reporting and auditing, giving administrators visibility into compliance trends and helping meet regulatory requirements.

Question 126

Which ISE feature allows administrators to assign dynamic VLANs based on user identity, device type, and posture compliance?

A) Authorization Policy
B) Posture
C) BYOD
D) Guest Access

Answer: A) Authorization Policy

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Authorization Policy. Cisco ISE Authorization Policies are used to control network access after a user or device has been authenticated. These policies evaluate attributes such as user identity, device type, posture compliance, and location to determine what level of access should be granted. One of the critical capabilities of authorization policies is the dynamic assignment of VLANs. By applying context-aware rules, ISE can ensure that compliant corporate devices are placed in secure VLANs with full access, whereas non-compliant or guest devices are placed in restricted VLANs.

A) Authorization Policy is correct because it provides the decision-making logic that governs access. Administrators can define granular rules that match on conditions such as Active Directory group membership, device type identified via profiling, posture status, or location. For instance, a corporate laptop that passes posture checks might be placed in VLAN 10 with access to internal resources, while a personal device might be redirected to a remediation VLAN or assigned limited access. Authorization policies also allow integration with TrustSec to assign Security Group Tags (SGTs) dynamically, providing identity-based segmentation across the network.

B) Posture is incorrect because while posture assesses endpoint compliance, it does not directly assign VLANs. Posture is used as an input for authorization policies but does not enforce network segmentation on its own.

C) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on securely onboarding employee-owned devices, including certificate deployment and automatic configuration. While BYOD endpoints may later be evaluated in authorization policies, BYOD itself is not responsible for VLAN assignment.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access manages temporary users and sponsor workflows, not dynamic VLAN assignment based on identity and compliance.

Authorization policies are a cornerstone of network access control in Cisco ISE deployments. They allow organizations to implement the principle of least privilege by ensuring that every user and device receives only the network access necessary for its role. By combining inputs from posture, profiling, BYOD, and identity stores, authorization policies enable context-aware and dynamic access enforcement. They reduce administrative overhead by automating access decisions and provide scalable control for large, complex networks with mixed corporate, BYOD, IoT, and guest endpoints. In addition, authorization policies can enforce compliance requirements by isolating or restricting access for non-compliant devices, ensuring security and regulatory adherence across the enterprise network.

Question 127

Which ISE component collects logs, generates reports, and provides operational visibility for authentication, posture, and BYOD workflows?

A) MnT
B) PSN
C) PAN
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) MnT

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) MnT. The Monitoring and Troubleshooting (MnT) node in Cisco ISE is responsible for aggregating operational data from other nodes, generating detailed reports, and providing administrators with visibility into authentication, posture, BYOD, and guest workflows. MnT nodes collect logs from Policy Service Nodes (PSNs), Policy Administration Nodes (PANs), and other sources, allowing centralized monitoring of network access activity.

A) MnT is correct because it consolidates information from all enforcement nodes and presents it through dashboards and reporting tools. Administrators can view authentication trends, identify non-compliant devices, track BYOD registration progress, and monitor guest activity. The MnT node provides detailed logging, which is essential for troubleshooting access issues and for auditing purposes. MnT supports a variety of reports, including real-time dashboards, historical trend analysis, compliance reporting, and security investigations. For example, if multiple endpoints fail posture checks, the MnT dashboard allows administrators to quickly identify patterns, determine root causes, and implement corrective actions. MnT also supports integration with SIEM systems for enterprise-wide monitoring and threat detection.

B) PSN is incorrect because Policy Service Nodes handle real-time authentication and authorization enforcement but do not provide centralized reporting or visibility.

C) PAN is incorrect because Policy Administration Nodes focus on policy creation, configuration management, and distribution rather than operational monitoring or reporting.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes handle guest self-registration and sponsor workflows, not comprehensive logging or reporting for all endpoints.

MnT nodes are critical for ensuring operational efficiency and security in enterprise networks. By centralizing logs and providing advanced reporting, they help organizations maintain compliance, troubleshoot issues quickly, and gain insights into network access patterns. MnT nodes also allow administrators to verify that policies are enforced correctly across PSNs, providing end-to-end visibility into network access. This centralized monitoring capability is essential in large-scale deployments where tracking thousands of endpoints and users in real time would otherwise be challenging.

Question 128

Which ISE protocol is used to authenticate endpoints for network access and supports dynamic VLAN, ACL, and SGT enforcement?

A) RADIUS
B) TACACS+
C) HTTP
D) SNMP

Answer: A) RADIUS

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) RADIUS. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is the primary protocol used in Cisco ISE for authenticating devices connecting to wired, wireless, or VPN networks. When a network device such as a switch, wireless controller, or VPN concentrator receives a connection request, it forwards the request to ISE using RADIUS. ISE evaluates the request against configured policies, including posture, identity, and device type, and returns an access-accept or access-reject message. The response can include dynamic attributes, such as VLAN assignment, ACLs, or Security Group Tags (SGTs), enabling context-aware access enforcement.

A) RADIUS is correct because it supports AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) for endpoints. RADIUS allows administrators to enforce policies dynamically based on user roles, device compliance, and location. For example, a corporate laptop may receive full network access, while a non-compliant BYOD device is redirected to a remediation VLAN with limited connectivity. RADIUS also provides accounting capabilities, logging sessions for auditing, reporting, and compliance purposes. By integrating with authorization policies, posture assessments, and profiling, RADIUS enables adaptive network security and ensures that access control is applied consistently across the enterprise.

B) TACACS+ is incorrect because TACACS+ is primarily used for administrative access to network devices and command-level authorization rather than endpoint authentication.

C) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP portals are used for BYOD onboarding or guest registration but do not enforce real-time network access policies.

D) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol that collects device statistics and metrics, not for authenticating network endpoints.

RADIUS is central to Cisco ISE’s ability to enforce network access policies securely and dynamically. By combining RADIUS with authorization policies, posture, profiling, BYOD, and TrustSec, administrators can create a secure, scalable, and adaptive network access solution. RADIUS also ensures that sessions are logged, enabling compliance reporting and operational insights. Its widespread adoption and support across network devices make it the standard protocol for enforcing enterprise-grade access control.

Question 129

Which ISE feature allows devices to be redirected to remediation or update portals when they fail compliance checks?

A) Posture
B) BYOD
C) TrustSec
D) Guest Access

Answer: A) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture evaluates endpoint compliance to determine whether devices meet organizational security requirements before granting full network access. Posture checks include attributes such as antivirus status, firewall configuration, and operating system patch levels. If a device fails compliance, it can be redirected to a remediation portal where users are guided through corrective actions.

A) Posture is correct because it integrates directly with authorization policies to enforce access control dynamically. Devices that meet compliance requirements can receive full network access, while non-compliant devices are restricted to remediation VLANs or captive portals that allow software updates or security configuration adjustments. Posture can operate in agent-based or agentless mode, depending on deployment needs. Agent-based posture relies on a lightweight client installed on the endpoint to evaluate compliance, while agentless posture uses network-sourced information.

B) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on onboarding personal devices, including certificate deployment, rather than compliance assessment.

C) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation using Security Group Tags but does not evaluate compliance or redirect devices to remediation.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access manages temporary user accounts and sponsor workflows, not endpoint compliance.

Posture is critical for maintaining enterprise security and regulatory compliance. It ensures that only trusted devices gain access to sensitive resources, while non-compliant devices are either blocked or guided to remediation. This minimizes the risk of malware or unpatched vulnerabilities spreading across the network. Posture also supports detailed logging, allowing administrators to track compliance trends, identify recurring issues, and generate reports for auditing purposes. By integrating posture with authorization policies, BYOD, and profiling, ISE provides context-aware, dynamic access control, ensuring secure and adaptive network operations.

Question 130

Which ISE component provides centralized policy management and distributes configurations to enforcement nodes?

A) PAN
B) PSN
C) MnT
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) PAN

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) PAN. The Policy Administration Node (PAN) is the central management component in Cisco ISE responsible for policy creation, configuration management, and distribution. Administrators use the PAN to define authentication, authorization, BYOD, guest, posture, and TrustSec policies. Once created, these policies are replicated to Policy Service Nodes (PSNs) for enforcement.

A) PAN is correct because it provides centralized administration, ensuring consistency across the deployment. PAN manages node groups, system certificates, integration with identity stores, and policy versioning. This centralized approach eliminates configuration errors, reduces administrative overhead, and ensures that enforcement nodes apply policies consistently. Administrators can make updates once on the PAN, which automatically propagates changes to all PSNs.

B) PSN is incorrect because PSNs enforce policies in real time but do not create or distribute them.

C) MnT is incorrect because MnT nodes focus on monitoring, reporting, and troubleshooting rather than policy management.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage self-registration and sponsor workflows, not global policy configuration.

The PAN is a critical component of Cisco ISE deployments, enabling scalable, consistent, and secure network access. By centralizing configuration and policy management, PAN ensures that access decisions are enforced uniformly, reducing the risk of security gaps. It simplifies administration in large deployments and supports auditing, compliance, and operational efficiency, forming the backbone of a secure, adaptive ISE deployment.

Question 131

Which ISE feature assigns Security Group Tags (SGTs) to endpoints and enforces network segmentation based on identity rather than IP addresses?

A) TrustSec
B) Posture
C) BYOD
D) Guest Access

Answer: A) TrustSec

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) TrustSec. Cisco TrustSec provides identity-based network segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs). Unlike traditional segmentation that relies on IP addresses or VLANs, TrustSec assigns SGTs to endpoints, representing roles or security groups. Once assigned, network devices enforce access policies based on these tags, ensuring that only authorized communication occurs between endpoints. TrustSec integrates with Cisco ISE, which dynamically assigns SGTs based on user role, device type, posture, and location. This allows enterprises to create granular access policies that are scalable and easier to manage.

A) TrustSec is correct because it abstracts network segmentation from topology. Administrators can define access policies such as “finance devices can access accounting servers but not engineering resources” without worrying about VLAN assignments. SGTs can be applied dynamically when a device authenticates, ensuring consistent enforcement across switches, routers, and firewalls. TrustSec also supports integration with Cisco ISE posture, BYOD, and profiling features, allowing access policies to consider device compliance and identity. For example, a corporate laptop may receive a full-access SGT, whereas a non-compliant device may be tagged with a restricted SGT and placed in a remediation VLAN.

B) Posture is incorrect because posture evaluates endpoint compliance and does not assign SGTs or enforce segmentation.

C) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on onboarding employee-owned devices, certificate deployment, and network configuration, not segmentation.

D) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access manages temporary users and sponsor workflows, not network segmentation.

TrustSec is essential in modern enterprise networks for scalable, policy-based segmentation. By decoupling security policies from network topology, it simplifies management, improves flexibility, and ensures consistent enforcement of the principle of least privilege. TrustSec works alongside posture, BYOD, and profiling to provide context-aware, identity-based access control across all devices and users in the network. This improves security, reduces the attack surface, and supports regulatory compliance.

Question 132

Which ISE component provides detailed operational reporting and centralized logging for troubleshooting authentication, posture, and BYOD workflows?

A) MnT
B) PSN
C) PAN
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) MnT

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) MnT. The Monitoring and Troubleshooting (MnT) node in Cisco ISE aggregates logs and events from enforcement nodes and provides operational dashboards, detailed reports, and real-time visibility into network access activities. MnT is critical for troubleshooting issues related to authentication, posture assessment, BYOD onboarding, and guest access. It collects operational data from Policy Service Nodes (PSNs), Policy Administration Nodes (PANs), and other ISE components, creating a centralized repository for analysis.

A) MnT is correct because it allows administrators to monitor trends, identify anomalies, and troubleshoot access issues efficiently. For example, if multiple endpoints are failing posture checks, MnT dashboards provide insights into device types, compliance failures, and affected VLANs. MnT also supports auditing and regulatory compliance reporting by maintaining historical logs of authentication and authorization events. Integration with SIEM platforms allows real-time alerts and threat detection. MnT nodes also provide drill-down capabilities, enabling administrators to investigate individual sessions, view detailed authentication steps, and assess policy enforcement.

B) PSN is incorrect because Policy Service Nodes enforce policies in real time but do not provide centralized reporting or visibility into overall network activity.

C) PAN is incorrect because Policy Administration Nodes manage policy creation and distribution, not monitoring or troubleshooting.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage temporary user registration and sponsor approvals but do not handle centralized logging or operational reporting.

MnT is vital for enterprise environments with complex network access policies. By centralizing logs, MnT provides administrators with operational visibility, supports troubleshooting, ensures compliance, and enables data-driven decision-making. MnT dashboards and reports allow continuous monitoring of authentication trends, posture compliance, BYOD adoption, and guest activity, ensuring secure and efficient network operations.

Question 133

Which ISE protocol provides command-level authorization for network administrators and logs all administrative activity for auditing?

A) TACACS+
B) RADIUS
C) HTTP
D) SNMP

Answer: A) TACACS+

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) TACACS+. TACACS+ is a protocol used for centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting of administrative access to network devices. Unlike RADIUS, which focuses on endpoint network access, TACACS+ enables command-level authorization, allowing administrators to grant or restrict access to specific commands on switches, routers, and firewalls. It also logs all administrative activity, providing a comprehensive audit trail for compliance and security monitoring.

A) TACACS+ is correct because it allows granular control over administrative privileges. For instance, junior engineers can be restricted to read-only commands, while senior engineers have full configuration access. All actions performed on devices are logged centrally, allowing organizations to track changes, troubleshoot configuration issues, and maintain regulatory compliance. TACACS+ integrates with Cisco ISE to provide a unified AAA framework, supporting enterprise identity stores such as Active Directory for authentication. This centralization ensures consistency in policy enforcement across all network devices and simplifies management.

B) RADIUS is incorrect because RADIUS authenticates endpoints for network access and does not provide command-level control or auditing of administrative actions.

C) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP portals are used for BYOD onboarding or guest registration, not for administrator command control.

D) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is a monitoring protocol used to collect device statistics, not for administrative authentication or logging.

TACACS+ is essential for maintaining network security and accountability. It ensures that administrators have access only to the commands they are authorized to use, reduces the risk of unauthorized changes, and provides detailed auditing. Integration with Cisco ISE allows centralized policy management, role-based access control, and comprehensive reporting for compliance and operational monitoring, making it a critical component of enterprise network security.

Question 134

Which ISE feature evaluates endpoint compliance and restricts network access for non-compliant devices while providing remediation instructions?

A) Posture
B) BYOD
C) Guest Access
D) TrustSec

Answer: A) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture evaluates whether endpoints comply with security policies before granting network access. Attributes checked include antivirus installation, firewall status, operating system patches, and other security configurations. Devices that fail compliance are either restricted to a remediation VLAN or redirected to a remediation portal where corrective actions can be taken.

A) Posture is correct because it allows dynamic and context-aware access control. The posture assessment can be agent-based, with a client installed on the endpoint, or agentless, using network-based attributes. Compliance results are integrated with authorization policies to enforce VLAN restrictions, ACLs, or SGTs dynamically. For example, a laptop without antivirus updates may be placed in a restricted network segment until the user completes remediation steps. This approach ensures only compliant devices access sensitive resources, reducing security risks and maintaining regulatory compliance.

B) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD focuses on onboarding personal devices, not evaluating compliance.

C) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access provides temporary user connectivity and sponsor approval workflows but does not assess device compliance.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation using SGTs, not device compliance.

Posture is critical for modern enterprise security, as it ensures network access is limited to trusted, compliant devices. By integrating posture with authorization policies, BYOD, and profiling, Cisco ISE provides adaptive, secure, and automated access control. Posture reduces administrative overhead, enhances endpoint security, and helps meet regulatory and compliance requirements, providing visibility into device health and remediation progress.

Question 135

Which ISE component is responsible for defining policies, creating configurations, and distributing them to enforcement nodes?

A) PAN
B) PSN
C) MnT
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) PAN

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) PAN. The Policy Administration Node (PAN) is the central component for policy definition, configuration management, and policy distribution in Cisco ISE. Administrators use the PAN to create authentication, authorization, BYOD, posture, TrustSec, and guest access policies. Once defined, these policies are replicated to Policy Service Nodes (PSNs) for enforcement across the network.

A) PAN is correct because it centralizes administrative control and ensures consistency. PAN manages configurations, policy versions, certificates, and integration with external identity sources. This centralization reduces the risk of errors and ensures that policies are uniformly enforced across all PSNs. Updates to policies are performed on the PAN and automatically propagated to enforcement nodes, simplifying management in large-scale deployments.

B) PSN is incorrect because PSNs enforce policies but do not create or distribute them.

C) MnT is incorrect because MnT nodes handle monitoring, logging, and reporting rather than policy creation.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage temporary user registration and sponsor workflows but do not define global policies.

PAN is a vital component of Cisco ISE architecture. It ensures scalable and consistent policy management across large networks, reduces administrative effort, and supports secure and compliant network access. By centralizing policy creation and distribution, PAN allows administrators to maintain uniform enforcement, audit configurations, and integrate with other ISE features like posture, BYOD, TrustSec, and guest access.

Question 136

Which ISE feature allows employee-owned devices to securely register, receive certificates, and gain network access with minimal IT intervention?

A) BYOD
B) Posture
C) Guest Access
D) TrustSec

Answer: A) BYOD

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) BYOD. Cisco ISE BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) is designed to allow employees to securely register personal devices on the corporate network while minimizing IT workload. BYOD automates device registration, certificate issuance, and configuration of network access parameters. Employees can use self-service portals to onboard their devices, while ISE ensures compliance with security policies and dynamically applies network access controls.

A) BYOD is correct because it combines automation, security, and flexibility. When an employee attempts to connect a personal device, BYOD workflows guide the user through registration, device profiling, and certificate installation. Certificates are deployed automatically to enable secure authentication, typically via 802.1X, ensuring that the device can access the corporate network without manual intervention. BYOD policies can enforce compliance by integrating with posture services, ensuring that only secure devices are granted network access. Dynamic VLANs and ACLs can also be applied based on device type or compliance status.

B) Posture is incorrect because posture focuses on evaluating security compliance and does not handle onboarding, certificate deployment, or registration workflows. While posture may be integrated with BYOD to verify device compliance, it is not responsible for onboarding or automating access.

C) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access provides temporary network connectivity for visitors and contractors rather than employees’ personal devices. Guest workflows focus on registration, sponsor approval, and temporary account management.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation using Security Group Tags (SGTs) but does not handle device registration or onboarding.

BYOD improves security and efficiency in modern enterprises. It reduces the administrative burden of manually configuring employee devices, ensures devices are compliant before accessing sensitive resources, and enhances user experience by enabling self-service registration. Integration with Cisco ISE authorization policies, posture, and TrustSec allows BYOD to provide a fully context-aware access control framework. For example, corporate laptops may receive full access, personal smartphones may be limited to VLANs for email and internet access, and non-compliant devices may be quarantined. BYOD also generates logs for auditing, helping IT departments track device registration, certificate issuance, and access compliance. In conclusion, BYOD is essential for enterprises supporting a mobile workforce while maintaining strong security, reducing administrative overhead, and providing seamless user experience.

Question 137

Which ISE protocol is used for endpoint network access authentication and allows dynamic assignment of VLANs and ACLs?

A) RADIUS
B) TACACS+
C) HTTP
D) SNMP

Answer: A) RADIUS

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) RADIUS. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) is the protocol used by Cisco ISE to authenticate endpoints attempting to access the network. Network devices, such as switches, wireless controllers, or VPN concentrators, send authentication requests to ISE via RADIUS. Based on identity, device type, and compliance status, ISE responds with an access-accept or access-reject message. RADIUS responses can include dynamic attributes like VLAN assignment, ACLs, or Security Group Tags (SGTs) to enforce network policies.

A) RADIUS is correct because it supports AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) for endpoints. Dynamic VLAN assignment allows administrators to place devices in appropriate network segments based on role or compliance. ACLs can restrict traffic to authorized resources, and SGTs enable identity-based segmentation through integration with TrustSec. For example, a corporate laptop may be assigned VLAN 10 with full access, while a non-compliant device may be assigned VLAN 99 with restricted access to remediation servers. RADIUS accounting also logs session details for auditing, troubleshooting, and compliance reporting.

B) TACACS+ is incorrect because TACACS+ is primarily used for administrative access to network devices and command-level authorization. It does not handle endpoint network access.

C) HTTP is incorrect because HTTP portals are used for BYOD onboarding or guest registration and are not involved in real-time authentication for network access.

D) SNMP is incorrect because SNMP is used for monitoring network devices and collecting metrics, not for authenticating endpoints or enforcing access control.

RADIUS is essential in Cisco ISE deployments for providing secure, dynamic, and scalable access control. Its ability to integrate with posture, profiling, BYOD, and TrustSec ensures that network access is context-aware and adaptive. Dynamic enforcement of VLANs, ACLs, and SGTs ensures the principle of least privilege, minimizing risk from non-compliant or unauthorized devices. RADIUS also enables enterprises to maintain operational visibility and auditing through accounting logs, supporting security, compliance, and troubleshooting objectives.

Question 138

Which ISE component processes authentication and authorization requests in real time and enforces network policies?

A) PSN
B) PAN
C) MnT
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) PSN

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) PSN. Policy Service Nodes (PSNs) are the enforcement nodes in Cisco ISE responsible for processing authentication and authorization requests from endpoints in real time. PSNs evaluate contextual information, such as user identity, device type, posture compliance, and location, to determine whether access should be granted or denied. They enforce network policies by assigning VLANs, ACLs, and Security Group Tags (SGTs) dynamically based on these attributes.

A) PSN is correct because it serves as the decision point for real-time access enforcement. When a device connects to a switch or wireless controller, the PSN receives the authentication request via RADIUS, consults the relevant authorization policies defined on the PAN, and returns an access decision. PSNs also integrate posture assessments and device profiling results, allowing context-aware access. For example, compliant corporate laptops may receive full access to sensitive network resources, while personal devices may be restricted or redirected to remediation networks. PSNs log all access attempts, contributing to centralized reporting on MnT nodes.

B) PAN is incorrect because the Policy Administration Node is responsible for policy creation, configuration, and distribution, but does not handle real-time enforcement.

C) MnT is incorrect because Monitoring and Troubleshooting nodes focus on logging, reporting, and operational visibility, not real-time policy enforcement.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage self-registration portals and sponsor workflows but do not enforce policies for all endpoints.

PSNs are a critical part of Cisco ISE architecture. By separating enforcement from administration and monitoring, PSNs provide scalable, high-availability policy enforcement for large networks. They ensure that all endpoints are evaluated against up-to-date policies, integrating identity, posture, BYOD, and profiling data for dynamic access control. PSNs also facilitate logging for auditing and compliance reporting, helping administrators troubleshoot access issues, monitor policy enforcement, and maintain secure operations across the enterprise network. Their role in real-time decision-making ensures that network access is secure, adaptive, and consistent across all access devices.

Question 139

Which ISE feature evaluates endpoints for security compliance and can quarantine devices that fail checks while providing remediation instructions?

A) Posture
B) BYOD
C) Guest Access
D) TrustSec

Answer: A) Posture

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) Posture. Cisco ISE Posture is designed to evaluate whether endpoints comply with organizational security requirements before granting network access. Compliance checks may include antivirus and antimalware installation, firewall configuration, operating system patch level, and other security attributes. Devices that fail compliance checks can be restricted to a remediation VLAN or redirected to a remediation portal, allowing users to take corrective action to meet compliance requirements.

A) Posture is correct because it integrates with ISE authorization policies to enforce access control dynamically. For instance, a laptop without recent antivirus updates may be placed in a restricted VLAN where it can download updates but cannot access sensitive resources. Posture can be agent-based, where a client on the endpoint evaluates compliance, or agentless, using network data such as DHCP, HTTP headers, or SNMP. The results of posture assessments can also be used to assign Security Group Tags (SGTs) for further segmentation and policy enforcement with TrustSec.

B) BYOD is incorrect because BYOD handles secure onboarding and certificate deployment of employee devices but does not evaluate compliance post-connection.

C) Guest Access is incorrect because guest access manages temporary user registration and sponsor workflows, not endpoint compliance.

D) TrustSec is incorrect because TrustSec enforces identity-based segmentation using SGTs but does not evaluate endpoint security compliance or provide remediation workflows.

Posture ensures network security by preventing non-compliant devices from accessing sensitive resources. It provides end-users with clear remediation guidance, allowing them to become compliant while maintaining network security. By integrating posture with authorization policies, BYOD, profiling, and TrustSec, Cisco ISE ensures adaptive, context-aware, and dynamic network access control. Posture also provides logging and reporting for auditing and regulatory compliance, enabling administrators to maintain visibility into device compliance trends and remedial actions across the enterprise network.

Question 140

Which ISE component centralizes policy creation and distributes configuration to enforcement nodes while ensuring consistent network access control?

A) PAN
B) PSN
C) MnT
D) Guest Node

Answer: A) PAN

Explanation:

The correct answer is A) PAN. The Policy Administration Node (PAN) in Cisco ISE is the central component responsible for creating policies, managing configurations, and distributing them to Policy Service Nodes (PSNs) for enforcement. PAN allows administrators to define authentication, authorization, posture, BYOD, TrustSec, and guest access policies. By centralizing policy management, PAN ensures consistent and uniform enforcement across all enforcement nodes.

A) PAN is correct because it provides centralized administrative control over policy creation, configuration management, and distribution. Administrators use the PAN to integrate ISE with external identity stores, define node groups, manage certificates, and enforce policy versioning. Once policies are defined, they are replicated to all PSNs, which enforce access decisions in real time. This centralization reduces configuration errors, simplifies administration in large-scale deployments, and ensures that network access policies are consistently applied across wired, wireless, and VPN environments.

B) PSN is incorrect because PSNs enforce policies but do not create or distribute them.

C) MnT is incorrect because MnT nodes provide logging, monitoring, and reporting capabilities but do not handle policy creation or distribution.

D) Guest Node is incorrect because Guest Nodes manage self-registration portals and sponsor workflows, not global policy enforcement.

The PAN is critical for large and complex Cisco ISE deployments. It provides a single point for defining and managing policies, ensuring consistent enforcement across all PSNs. By centralizing policy creation, PAN reduces operational complexity, supports secure and scalable access control, and integrates with other ISE features like posture, BYOD, profiling, and TrustSec. PAN ensures that policy changes propagate reliably, enabling organizations to maintain secure, adaptive, and compliant network operations.