Microsoft SC-300  Microsoft Identity and Access Administrator Exam Dumps and Practice Test Questions Set 5 Q81-100

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Question 81:

Your organization wants to require MFA for all users accessing cloud applications from outside the corporate network. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location

Explanation:

Conditional Access enables adaptive policies based on sign-in conditions, including location. By enforcing MFA for access from outside trusted corporate IP ranges, organizations can enhance security without disrupting access from trusted networks.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Define location conditions, specifying trusted and untrusted IP ranges.

Require MFA for users signing in from external locations.

Audit sign-ins for compliance and monitor unusual access patterns.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot enforce location-based MFA selectively.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce adaptive MFA based on location.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but cannot enforce location-based MFA for internal users.

Benefits include:

Protects sensitive resources from untrusted networks.

Reduces unnecessary MFA prompts for trusted networks.

Provides audit logs for compliance reporting.

For example, a user accessing Exchange Online from a home network will be prompted for MFA, while the same user accessing from the corporate office is not challenged.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location ensures adaptive security and balances usability.

Question 82:

Your organization wants to enforce just-in-time access for privileged roles with approval workflows. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation:

PIM allows temporary, just-in-time access to privileged roles, minimizing standing administrative privileges and supporting least-privilege principles. PIM supports approval workflows, MFA, and access justification.

Option A) is correct because PIM enables:

Temporary activation of privileged roles.

Mandatory approval for role activation.

Optional justification before activation.

Detailed audit logs for compliance and security review.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary or approved privileged role activation.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces exposure from permanent administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege access policies.

Provides audit trails for compliance and security monitoring.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must provide justification and receive approval. Access is automatically revoked after the specified time.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing temporary, approved privileged access.

Question 83:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 applications from devices that are not compliant with Intune policies. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation:

Conditional Access allows enforcement of device compliance requirements. Organizations can block access to applications unless the device is enrolled in Intune and meets compliance policies such as encryption, antivirus, and OS updates.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Apply policies to specific applications like Exchange Online, Teams, and SharePoint.

Require devices to be compliant with Intune policies before access is granted.

Monitor and audit access attempts to ensure compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot enforce device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce device-based access restrictions.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce device compliance for internal users.

Benefits:

Protects corporate data from untrusted devices.

Ensures consistent enforcement of compliance policies.

Supports audit and regulatory compliance.

For example, a user attempting to access SharePoint Online from a personal laptop will be blocked until the device is enrolled in Intune and compliant.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance ensures that only trusted devices access sensitive applications.

Question 84:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all guest users accessing Microsoft Teams. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation:

Guest users in Teams may access sensitive collaboration data. Conditional Access enables MFA enforcement specifically for guest accounts, enhancing security without affecting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply policies to Microsoft Teams and other applications.

Require MFA before granting access.

Audit guest sign-ins for compliance monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot target guest users specifically.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce MFA for guests.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not apply to guest access.

Benefits:

Secures sensitive collaboration with external users.

Reduces risk of unauthorized access.

Provides audit logs for compliance reporting.

For example, an external consultant must complete MFA before accessing a Teams channel. Without MFA, access is denied.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA is the recommended approach for securing Teams collaboration.

Question 85:

Your organization wants to block sign-ins from users flagged as high-risk by Azure AD Identity Protection. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy blocking high-risk users
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy blocking high-risk users

Explanation :

Azure AD Identity Protection detects high-risk users based on unusual sign-ins, leaked credentials, or compromised accounts. Blocking these users automatically helps prevent security incidents.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target high-risk users identified by Identity Protection.

Automatically block access or require remediation such as password reset.

Combine with MFA or other Conditional Access policies for additional protection.

Maintain audit logs for compliance tracking.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot block users based on risk levels.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not handle risk-based blocking.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but cannot block high-risk internal users.

Benefits:

Prevents compromised accounts from accessing corporate resources.

Provides automated mitigation to reduce risk exposure.

Supports audit and compliance reporting.

For example, a user flagged as high-risk will be blocked from accessing Microsoft 365 apps until remediation, such as password reset and MFA completion.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy blocking high-risk users is the recommended solution to protect accounts flagged by Identity Protection.

Question 86:

Your organization wants to ensure that guest users’ access to Microsoft 365 applications is reviewed periodically and unnecessary access is removed automatically. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Access Reviews
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Access Reviews

Explanation :

Azure AD Access Reviews enable organizations to regularly evaluate user access, especially for external guest users. This ensures that users retain access only to resources they still need, reducing the risk of over-permissioned accounts.

Option A) is correct because Access Reviews allow administrators to:

Schedule periodic reviews of guest access.

Assign reviewers (e.g., managers or resource owners) to approve or remove access.

Automate actions such as removing inactive or unnecessary guest accounts.

Maintain detailed audit logs for compliance and reporting.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot review or revoke guest access periodically.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not provide access review capabilities.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access based on conditions but cannot automatically review or remove guest access.

Benefits:

Reduces the risk of unauthorized access from guest accounts.

Supports regulatory compliance by maintaining access oversight.

Automates administrative tasks, saving time and reducing errors.

For example, a consultant who no longer requires SharePoint access will be flagged during the Access Review. Their access can then be automatically removed, enhancing security.

In conclusion, Azure AD Access Reviews is the recommended solution for managing and auditing guest user access in Microsoft 365 applications.

Question 87:

Your organization wants to require MFA for all users signing in from high-risk countries. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location

Explanation:

Conditional Access allows organizations to implement adaptive MFA policies based on sign-in location. Users accessing resources from high-risk countries are challenged with MFA, while trusted locations remain unaffected, balancing security and usability.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Define location-based conditions specifying high-risk countries or IP ranges.

Require MFA only when users sign in from these locations.

Audit sign-ins to detect suspicious activity and ensure compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot enforce location-specific MFA policies.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce location-based MFA.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but cannot enforce location-based MFA for internal users.

Benefits:

Reduces the risk of account compromise from high-risk regions.

Minimizes MFA prompts for trusted locations, improving usability.

Provides audit logs to support compliance and security monitoring.

For example, a user accessing Exchange Online from a high-risk country is prompted for MFA, whereas a corporate office sign-in proceeds without challenge.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location provides adaptive security to protect sensitive resources from high-risk sign-ins.

Question 88:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation :

Guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications can introduce security risks. Conditional Access allows enforcement of MFA specifically for guest accounts, protecting resources without affecting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply policies to specific applications like SharePoint Online, Teams, or OneDrive.

Require MFA before access is granted

Monitor guest activity and maintain audit logs for compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest users.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not apply to guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces risk of unauthorized access or data leaks.

Provides audit trails for compliance reporting.

For example, a contractor attempting to access Teams must complete MFA before access is granted.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA ensures secure collaboration with external users.

Question 89:

Your organization wants to enforce that privileged roles are only activated temporarily and require justification. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation :

PIM allows just-in-time activation of privileged roles, reducing permanent standing privileges and ensuring least-privilege access. It also supports approval workflows and justification for accountability.

Option A) is correct because PIM enables administrators to:

Require justification before role activation.

Allow temporary, time-bound access to privileged roles.

Optionally require approval before activation.

Maintain detailed audit logs for compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged role activations.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot manage approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces risk from standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides audit trails for compliance and security monitoring.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must provide justification and obtain approval. Access is automatically revoked after the defined duration.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing temporary, justified privileged access.

Question 90:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 applications from unmanaged devices. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation:

Conditional Access enables organizations to enforce device compliance policies. Only devices enrolled in Intune and meeting compliance criteria can access corporate resources, protecting sensitive applications.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or groups accessing Microsoft 365 apps.

Block access from devices that are not compliant with Intune policies.

Apply policies to applications like Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, and Teams.

Audit access attempts and maintain compliance logs.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce device-based restrictions.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce device compliance for internal users.

Benefits:

Protects corporate data from untrusted devices.

Ensures consistent compliance enforcement.

Supports audit and regulatory requirements.

For example, consider a scenario where a user attempts to access SharePoint Online from a personal, unmanaged laptop. The Conditional Access policy in place evaluates the device and determines that it is not enrolled in Intune or does not meet the organization’s compliance standards, such as having up-to-date security patches, endpoint protection, and device encryption. As a result, access is automatically blocked until the user enrolls the device in Intune and ensures it meets all compliance requirements. Once the device is verified as compliant, the user can securely access SharePoint Online, ensuring that organizational data is protected from potential threats posed by untrusted or insecure devices.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that requires device compliance is the recommended approach for securing Microsoft 365 applications. This ensures that only trusted and managed devices can access sensitive resources, reducing the risk of data leakage and unauthorized access. It also enforces consistent security policies across the organization, supports auditing and regulatory compliance, and integrates with device management solutions like Intune to provide continuous monitoring of device health. By combining device compliance checks with access controls, organizations can maintain a secure environment while enabling users to work efficiently from approved devices.

Question 91:

Your organization wants to require MFA for all users accessing Microsoft 365 applications from unmanaged devices while allowing seamless access from compliant devices. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for unmanaged devices
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for unmanaged devices

Explanation:

Conditional Access enables adaptive security based on device state. Organizations can require MFA for unmanaged devices while allowing seamless access from compliant devices, balancing usability and security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or groups.

Apply conditions based on device compliance, distinguishing managed vs unmanaged devices.

Require MFA only for unmanaged or non-compliant devices.

Audit all MFA prompts and access attempts to monitor compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot distinguish between managed and unmanaged devices.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce device-based MFA policies.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce MFA based on device state.

Benefits:

Protects sensitive resources from untrusted devices.

Reduces friction for corporate-compliant devices.

Provides audit trails for compliance and security reporting.

For example, a user accessing SharePoint Online from a personal laptop will be prompted for MFA, whereas the same user accessing from a corporate-managed device will not.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA for unmanaged devices ensures secure access while maintaining user convenience.

Question 92:

Your organization wants to block legacy authentication protocols such as POP, IMAP, and SMTP for all users. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication

Explanation :

Legacy authentication protocols lack modern security features such as MFA, making them vulnerable to credential compromise. Blocking these protocols improves security across the organization.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or groups.

Block legacy authentication protocols while allowing modern authentication protocols.

Integrate with Conditional Access policies for MFA and compliance.

Audit blocked attempts for monitoring and compliance reporting.

Option B), Security Defaults, blocks legacy authentication only for privileged accounts and does not allow granular control for all users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not block legacy authentication protocols.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but cannot block legacy authentication for internal users.

Benefits:

Reduces exposure to credential attacks.

Encourages adoption of modern authentication.

Provides audit logs for compliance.

For example, consider a scenario where a user tries to access Exchange Online using POP3, a legacy authentication protocol that does not support modern security features such as Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) or Conditional Access checks. In this case, a Conditional Access policy configured to block legacy authentication will prevent the POP3 connection, effectively reducing exposure to insecure protocols. At the same time, users accessing Exchange Online through modern clients like Outlook, which use OAuth 2.0-based authentication, can sign in seamlessly without interruption. This ensures that legitimate users retain uninterrupted access while high-risk, outdated protocols are blocked, mitigating the risk of credential compromise and unauthorized access.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that blocks legacy authentication is the recommended approach to enhance security in Microsoft 365 environments. Legacy protocols such as POP3, IMAP, and SMTP Basic Authentication do not support MFA or modern conditional access controls, making them attractive targets for attackers attempting credential theft or account compromise. By blocking these protocols, organizations enforce the use of secure, modern authentication methods, reduce the attack surface, and align with zero-trust principles. This approach strengthens overall security, protects sensitive data, and ensures that users access resources through compliant, secure methods.

Question 93:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for guest users accessing Microsoft Teams. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation :

Guest users in Microsoft Teams can introduce security risks. Conditional Access allows MFA enforcement specifically for guest accounts, protecting sensitive collaboration while keeping internal users unaffected.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply policies to Microsoft Teams and other applications.

Require MFA before granting access.

Audit guest activity for compliance reporting.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot target guest users specifically.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot enforce MFA for guests.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not apply to guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces risk of unauthorized access.

Provides audit trails for compliance and monitoring.

For example, consider a scenario where an external consultant is invited to collaborate on a Teams channel for a specific project. When the consultant attempts to access the channel, a Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requires them to complete Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). The consultant must verify their identity using a secondary method, such as a one-time code, an authenticator app, or a hardware token. Until this verification is successfully completed, access is denied. This ensures that only verified and authorized external users can access sensitive collaboration resources, preventing unauthorized access from compromised credentials or untrusted devices.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that requires MFA for guest users is the recommended approach for securing Teams collaboration. This policy protects sensitive organizational data while allowing external partners to contribute effectively. It reduces the risk of unauthorized access, ensures compliance with security policies, and provides auditing and reporting capabilities to track external access activity. By enforcing MFA specifically for guest users, organizations can maintain a secure and controlled collaboration environment without disrupting productivity for internal users, aligning with zero-trust security principles and modern access management best practices.

Question 94:

Your organization wants to enforce temporary, just-in-time activation of privileged roles with approval. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation:

PIM provides just-in-time access to privileged roles, reducing standing privileges and enhancing security. It supports approval workflows, time-bound access, and justification for activation.

Option A) is correct because PIM enables administrators to:

Require approval for role activation.

Require justification before granting access.

Set temporary time-bound access for privileged roles.

Maintain detailed audit logs for compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged role activation.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access policies but cannot implement approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces risk of misuse from standing administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides compliance reporting and auditing capabilities.

For example, a user requesting temporary Global Administrator access must provide justification and receive approval. Access is automatically revoked after the defined time.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing temporary privileged access securely.

Question 95:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 applications from devices that are not compliant with Intune policies. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation :

Conditional Access allows organizations to enforce device compliance for access to Microsoft 365 applications. Devices that are not enrolled in Intune or do not meet compliance standards are blocked, protecting sensitive resources.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or groups accessing Microsoft 365 apps.

Block access from non-compliant devices.

Apply policies to applications such as Teams, SharePoint, and Exchange Online.

Audit access attempts to monitor compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce device compliance.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce compliance for internal devices.

Benefits:

Protects corporate data from untrusted devices.

Ensures consistent compliance enforcement.

Supports auditing and regulatory requirements.

For example, consider a scenario where a user attempts to access SharePoint Online from a personal, unmanaged laptop. A Conditional Access policy evaluates the device and detects that it is not enrolled in Intune or does not meet the organization’s compliance requirements, such as having updated security patches, endpoint protection, or device encryption. As a result, access is automatically blocked until the device is enrolled in Intune and marked as compliant. Once the device meets all compliance criteria, the user can securely access SharePoint Online, ensuring that organizational data is only accessed from trusted and secure endpoints.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that requires device compliance is the recommended approach for securing Microsoft 365 applications. This policy guarantees that only devices meeting organizational security standards can access sensitive resources, reducing the risk of data leakage from unmanaged or insecure endpoints. It also ensures consistent enforcement of security policies across the organization and supports auditing and regulatory compliance by providing visibility into device access and compliance status. By combining device compliance checks with access controls, organizations can maintain a secure, manageable environment while providing users with reliable access to Microsoft 365 applications from trusted devices.

Question 96:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for all users signing in from high-risk countries while allowing seamless access from trusted locations. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location

Explanation:

Conditional Access allows administrators to implement adaptive MFA policies based on user sign-in conditions, such as geographic location. Users signing in from high-risk countries are prompted for MFA, while users from trusted locations experience seamless access.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Define location-based conditions, specifying high-risk countries or untrusted IP ranges.

Require MFA for users signing in from these locations.

Audit sign-ins to monitor unusual activity and ensure compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally for admins and risky sign-ins but cannot enforce location-based MFA selectively.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce location-based MFA.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but cannot enforce location-based MFA for internal users.

Benefits:

Protects sensitive corporate resources from high-risk sign-ins.

Reduces unnecessary MFA prompts for trusted locations.

Provides detailed audit logs for compliance and security monitoring.

For example, a user accessing Exchange Online from a high-risk country is challenged with MFA, while access from a corporate office is seamless.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA based on location provides adaptive security and minimizes risk exposure.

Question 97:

Your organization wants to require just-in-time activation of privileged roles with approval and justification. Which solution should you implement?

A) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Conditional Access policy

Answer: A) – Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Explanation:

Azure AD PIM enables temporary, just-in-time access to privileged roles. This reduces standing administrative privileges, supports least-privilege principles, and requires approval and justification for accountability.

Option A) is correct because PIM allows administrators to:

Set time-bound access for privileged roles.

Require approval before role activation.

Require justification for activation.

Maintain detailed audit logs for compliance and monitoring.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot manage temporary privileged role activations.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not manage privileged roles.

Option D), Conditional Access, enforces access conditions but cannot implement approval workflows for privileged roles.

Benefits:

Reduces risk from permanent administrative privileges.

Supports least-privilege principles.

Provides compliance reporting and auditing capabilities.

For example, consider a scenario where a user needs temporary Global Administrator access to perform a specific administrative task in Azure AD, such as troubleshooting an issue in Exchange Online or updating critical directory settings. Using Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM), the user must submit a request for the role and provide a justification explaining why elevated privileges are required. The request is then routed to the designated approver or manager for review. Once approved, the user is granted temporary access for a defined period, such as two hours, which is sufficient to complete the required task. After the specified duration expires, PIM automatically revokes the role, ensuring that the user no longer retains high-level privileges and reducing the risk associated with standing administrative accounts. All activation requests, approvals, and role usage are logged, providing full auditability and accountability.

In conclusion, Azure AD PIM is the recommended solution for managing privileged access because it enforces just-in-time access, requires justification and approval for role activation, and ensures that elevated privileges are temporary. This reduces the risk of misuse or compromise of sensitive administrative roles, such as Global Administrator, by limiting the time and scope of access. PIM supports auditing and reporting, enabling organizations to track who activated roles, when, and for what purpose, which helps meet compliance and regulatory requirements. By providing a structured, automated, and secure approach to privileged access management, Azure AD PIM enables organizations to maintain a strong security posture while granting administrators the flexibility to perform necessary tasks without permanent exposure to sensitive resources.

Question 98:

Your organization wants to block legacy authentication protocols for all users to improve security. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication

Explanation :

Legacy authentication protocols (e.g., POP3, IMAP, SMTP) do not support modern security controls such as MFA, making them a common target for attacks. Blocking these protocols enhances organizational security.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or specific groups.

Block legacy authentication protocols while allowing modern authentication.

Apply Conditional Access policies with MFA and other controls.

Monitor blocked attempts for auditing and compliance.

Option B), Security Defaults, blocks legacy authentication only for privileged accounts and cannot provide granular control for all users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but cannot block legacy protocols.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest accounts but cannot block legacy authentication for internal users.

Benefits:

Reduces exposure to credential theft and brute-force attacks.

Encourages adoption of modern authentication protocols.

Provides auditing for compliance purposes.

For example, a user attempting to access Exchange Online via POP3 will be blocked, while Outlook using modern authentication will succeed.

In conclusion, a Conditional Access policy blocking legacy authentication is the best practice to enhance security.

Question 99:

Your organization wants to enforce MFA for guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications such as Teams and SharePoint. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy targeting guest users requiring MFA

Explanation:

Guest users accessing Microsoft 365 applications can pose security risks. Conditional Access allows organizations to enforce MFA specifically for guest users, ensuring secure collaboration without impacting internal users.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target guest users in Azure AD B2B collaboration.

Apply policies to applications such as Teams, SharePoint, and OneDrive.

Require MFA before access is granted.

Maintain audit logs to monitor compliance and security.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA globally but cannot selectively target guest users.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce MFA for guest users.

Option D), PIM, manages privileged roles but does not apply to guest access.

Benefits:

Secures external collaboration.

Reduces risk of unauthorized access and data leakage.

Provides auditing and compliance support.

For example, consider a scenario where an external consultant is invited to collaborate on a Teams channel to provide expertise on a project. In this case, the organization has implemented a Conditional Access policy that specifically targets guest users, requiring them to complete Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) before gaining access. When the consultant attempts to sign in, they are prompted to provide an additional verification factor, such as approving a notification through an authenticator app, entering a one-time code, or using a hardware token. Until this verification is successfully completed, access to the Teams channel is denied. This ensures that only verified individuals can access sensitive collaboration resources, mitigating the risk of unauthorized access from compromised or stolen credentials.

Conditional Access policies targeting guest users with enforced MFA provide a robust, context-aware security framework that addresses the unique risks associated with external collaboration. Unlike internal employees, guest users operate outside the organization’s managed environment. They may use personal devices, unsecured networks, or credentials that do not adhere to corporate security standards. By enforcing MFA for these users, the organization adds an extra layer of protection that significantly reduces the likelihood of account compromise, credential theft, or unauthorized data access. This adaptive security measure ensures that even if a guest’s primary credentials are exposed, an attacker cannot gain access without the second authentication factor.

The benefits of this approach extend beyond security alone. Firstly, it enables secure collaboration by allowing external partners, contractors, and consultants to contribute to projects without introducing unnecessary risk. Team channels often contain sensitive business information, intellectual property, and strategic discussions. Ensuring that only authenticated and verified guests can access these resources protects the organization from data breaches while maintaining collaboration productivity. Secondly, it reduces the risk of unauthorized access, as every guest login attempt is verified using MFA. If an untrusted device, suspicious network location, or compromised account attempts to gain access, the policy ensures that it is blocked until verification succeeds, providing a proactive defense against potential threats. Thirdly, Conditional Access policies targeting guest users support auditing and compliance requirements. Organizations can generate logs and reports of guest access activity, including successful and blocked sign-ins, MFA completion, and attempted unauthorized access. This capability is critical for meeting regulatory obligations, demonstrating accountability, and providing transparency into external access patterns.

Moreover, Conditional Access policies can be fine-tuned to balance security and usability. Administrators can configure rules to apply MFA requirements only to external users, specific groups, or certain sensitive resources. Internal users on managed devices can continue to access resources seamlessly without unnecessary prompts, while guests face stricter verification requirements. Policies can also integrate risk-based signals, such as unusual sign-in locations, device compliance status, and session anomalies, to trigger additional authentication measures when necessary.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that requires MFA for guest users is the recommended approach for securing external collaboration. It provides a secure, adaptive, and auditable method for managing access to sensitive resources, ensuring that only verified external users can participate in organizational collaboration platforms like Teams. By enforcing MFA for guest accounts, organizations mitigate risks associated with external access, maintain regulatory compliance, and enable productive collaboration without compromising security. This approach aligns with zero-trust principles, ensures that external users are authenticated and verified, and protects corporate data from unauthorized exposure.

Question 100:

Your organization wants to block access to Microsoft 365 applications from devices that do not meet Intune compliance policies. Which solution should you implement?

A) Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance
B) Security Defaults
C) Pass-through Authentication
D) Azure AD B2B collaboration

Answer: A) – Conditional Access policy requiring device compliance

Explanation :

Conditional Access allows organizations to enforce device compliance policies. Only devices enrolled in Intune and meeting compliance requirements can access corporate resources, protecting sensitive applications from untrusted devices.

Option A) is correct because administrators can:

Target all users or groups accessing Microsoft 365 applications.

Block access from devices that are non-compliant with Intune policies.

Apply policies to applications such as Teams, SharePoint, and Exchange Online.

Audit access attempts and generate compliance reports.

Option B), Security Defaults, enforces MFA but cannot restrict access based on device compliance.

Option C), Pass-through Authentication, validates credentials but does not enforce device compliance.

Option D), Azure AD B2B collaboration, manages guest access but does not enforce compliance for internal devices.

Benefits:

Protects corporate data from untrusted or unmanaged devices.

Ensures consistent enforcement of compliance policies.

Supports auditing and regulatory compliance.

For example, consider a scenario where a user tries to access SharePoint Online from a personal, unmanaged laptop. A Conditional Access policy that enforces device compliance evaluates the device and detects that it is not enrolled in Intune or does not meet the organization’s security requirements. Access is automatically blocked until the user enrolls the device in Intune and ensures it meets all compliance criteria, such as having up-to-date security patches, enabled encryption, and active endpoint protection. Once the device is verified as compliant, access is granted, allowing the user to work securely without exposing corporate data to untrusted or potentially vulnerable endpoints.

In conclusion, implementing a Conditional Access policy that requires device compliance is the recommended approach for securing Microsoft 365 applications. This policy ensures that only trusted and managed devices can access sensitive resources, reducing the risk of data leakage from personal or unprotected devices. It enforces consistent security standards across the organization, supports auditing and compliance requirements, and integrates seamlessly with existing device management systems like Intune. By combining device verification with access controls, organizations can maintain a secure environment while providing users with a seamless and reliable experience when accessing corporate applications.