Salesforce CRT-450 Practice Test Questions, Exam Dumps

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CRT-450 Salesforce Practice Test Questions and Exam Dumps

Question No 1:

Which statement results in an Apex compiler error?

A. Map<Id,Lead> lmap = new Map<Id,Lead>([Select ID from Lead Limit 8]);
B. Date d1 = Date.Today(), d2 = Date.ValueOf(‘2018-01-01’);
C. Integer a=5, b=6, c, d = 7;
D. List<string> s = List<string>{‘a’,‘b’,‘c’);

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

When working with Apex in Salesforce, the syntax and structure of the code must be precise. Let's break down each option:

A. Map<Id,Lead> lmap = new Map<Id,Lead>([Select ID from Lead Limit 8]);
This statement is correct. It queries the Lead object and creates a new map of type Map<Id, Lead> using the results of the SOQL query. The syntax of the SOQL query is properly used here, and the map is being initialized correctly. This will not cause a compiler error.
B. Date d1 = Date.Today(), d2 = Date.ValueOf(‘2018-01-01’);
This is also a correct statement. In Apex, you can declare multiple variables on one line using commas, and the methods Date.Today() and Date.ValueOf() are valid. The date string is in the correct format (ISO 8601: 'YYYY-MM-DD'), so this will not generate a compiler error.
C. Integer a=5, b=6, c, d = 7;
This is valid Apex syntax. You can declare multiple variables in a single statement. The variables a, b, and d are initialized, and c is left uninitialized. Apex allows this kind of declaration, so this line will not cause an error.

D. List<string> s = List<string>{‘a’,‘b’,‘c’);
This statement contains an error due to the incorrect closing parenthesis. When initializing a list using the curly braces {}, the list needs to be properly closed with a closing curly brace }, not a closing parenthesis ). The correct syntax should be:

The incorrect closing parenthesis causes a syntax error in this statement, which leads to a compiler error.

In conclusion, Option D is the one that results in an Apex compiler error due to the incorrect use of the closing parenthesis in the list initialization.

Question No 2:

What are two benefits of the Lightning Component framework? (Choose two.)

A. It simplifies complexity when building pages, but not applications.
B. It provides an event-driven architecture for better decoupling between components.
C. It promotes faster development using out-of-box components that are suitable for desktop and mobile devices.
D. It allows faster PDF generation with Lightning components.

Answer: B, C

Explanation:

The Lightning Component framework is designed to enable more efficient and scalable development for applications within Salesforce. Two of its main benefits are event-driven architecture and faster development using out-of-box components.

B. It provides an event-driven architecture for better decoupling between components: One of the most significant advantages of the Lightning Component framework is its event-driven architecture. This approach helps to ensure loose coupling between components, meaning that changes or actions in one component do not directly impact others. This decoupling allows developers to create more modular and maintainable code. It also enables better interaction between components, where components can communicate via events rather than having direct dependencies on each other.
C. It promotes faster development using out-of-box components that are suitable for desktop and mobile devices: The framework includes a wide variety of pre-built, reusable components designed for both desktop and mobile platforms, which significantly speeds up development. These components are highly customizable and adaptable to different user interfaces, which reduces the need for developers to create complex elements from scratch. This makes building both desktop and mobile applications faster and more efficient.

The other options do not fully align with the core strengths of the Lightning Component framework:

A. It simplifies complexity when building pages, but not applications: This statement is not accurate because the Lightning Component framework simplifies not just pages but also the overall development of applications, with its modular structure and reusable components. Thus, this is not a significant benefit of the framework.
D. It allows faster PDF generation with Lightning components: There is no direct relationship between the Lightning Component framework and faster PDF generation. While the framework does streamline front-end development, PDF generation is a separate concern typically handled by other tools or integration with Salesforce-specific solutions like Visualforce. This is not one of the primary advantages of the Lightning Component framework.

In summary, the benefits that align with the core purpose of the Lightning Component framework are B and C, as they both enhance the modularity and speed of development, which are key goals of the framework.

Question No 3:

What should a developer do to determine which object type (Account, Lead, or Contact, for example) to cast each sObject when a list of generic sObjects is passed as a parameter?

A. Use the first three characters of the sObject ID to determine the sObject type.
B. Use the getSObjectType method on each generic sObject to retrieve the sObject token.
C. Use the getSObjectName method on the sObject class to get the sObject name.
D. Use a try-catch construct to cast the sObject into one of the three sObject types.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

When handling a list of generic sObjects in Salesforce, the goal is to identify the specific object type (such as Account, Lead, or Contact) in order to cast it correctly. Salesforce provides several methods to work with sObjects, and understanding which one to use is crucial for achieving the correct behavior. Let's break down the options to determine the best approach.

A. Use the first three characters of the sObject ID to determine the sObject type:
While it's true that Salesforce record IDs follow a standard format, where the first three characters of the ID indicate the object type, this method is not reliable for identifying the sObject type in code. The record ID can be truncated or not present in all cases, making this a poor approach for determining object types dynamically. Furthermore, using the ID itself can lead to errors if you aren't careful in interpreting the IDs, especially when handling multiple object types.

B. Use the getSObjectType method on each generic sObject to retrieve the sObject token:
This is the correct method. Salesforce provides the getSObjectType method, which can be called on any generic sObject to retrieve the sObject type token. This token is specific to the object and can then be used to determine which specific sObject type you are working with. This approach is robust and recommended because it is directly tied to the Salesforce framework and avoids potential errors related to the ID format. The method returns an SObjectType token, which you can compare against known object types (such as Account, Lead, or Contact) to determine how to cast the object appropriately.

C. Use the getSObjectName method on the sObject class to get the sObject name:
The getSObjectName method provides the API name of the sObject type (e.g., "Account", "Lead", etc.). While this could be useful in some scenarios, it is not the most efficient or reliable way to determine the object type for casting purposes, especially when working with generic sObjects in lists. It is generally better to work directly with the sObject token obtained from getSObjectType, as this method is optimized for such use cases.

D. Use a try-catch construct to cast the sObject into one of the three sObject types:
Using a try-catch block to catch exceptions from incorrect casts could be a fallback, but it's not a best practice. It introduces unnecessary complexity and can result in performance overhead, especially when handling large sets of data. It’s far better to check the sObject type using methods like getSObjectType before attempting any cast, thus avoiding the need for exception handling in this case.

In conclusion, the most reliable and efficient way to determine the type of a generic sObject and cast it appropriately is by using the getSObjectType method, which provides a direct and correct approach to identifying the sObject token. This method is designed to work seamlessly with Salesforce's object model and ensures that the developer can handle different object types effectively.

Question No 4:

What tool should a developer use to implement an automatic Approval Process submission for Cases?

A. An Assignment Rule
B. Scheduled Apex
C. Process Builder
D. A Workflow Rule

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

In Salesforce, a developer looking to implement an automatic Approval Process submission for Cases would typically use Process Builder. Here's why:

Process Builder is a powerful automation tool that allows users to create complex workflows, including the automatic submission of records for approval. Process Builder enables users to define criteria for when the approval should be triggered (such as when a case meets certain conditions) and then set up the action to automatically submit the record to an approval process.

Here’s why the other options are not suitable for automatically submitting a Case to an approval process:

A. An Assignment Rule: Assignment rules are primarily used to automatically assign records, such as Cases or Leads, to specific users or queues based on criteria. They are not designed for triggering approval processes. While assignment rules can route cases to users, they cannot automatically start an approval process.
B. Scheduled Apex: Scheduled Apex allows developers to run Apex code at scheduled intervals. While it could potentially be used to query and submit cases for approval, this approach is more complex and not the most efficient way to automate the submission of cases to an approval process. It requires custom code and is typically not as user-friendly or declarative as Process Builder.
D. A Workflow Rule: Workflow Rules are another form of automation in Salesforce, but they have limitations when it comes to more complex actions, like submitting a record for approval. Workflow rules can update fields, send emails, create tasks, and more, but they do not support submitting records for approval directly. In contrast, Process Builder is more versatile and can trigger approval processes as part of its actions.

Therefore, Process Builder is the best tool in this case because it is a declarative tool designed to automate tasks like submitting records to approval processes based on defined criteria. It’s much easier to set up than writing code with Scheduled Apex, and it supports more complex actions than Workflow Rules or Assignment Rules.

Question No 5:

When viewing a Quote, the sales representative wants to easily see how many discounted items are included in the Quote Line Items. What should a developer do to meet this requirement?

A. Create a trigger on the Quote object that queries the Quantity field on discounted Quote Line Items.
B. Create a Workflow Rule on the Quote Line Item object that updates a field on the parent Quote when the item is discounted.
C. Create a roll-up summary field on the Quote object that performs a SUM on the Quote Line Item Quantity field, filtered for only discounted Quote Line Items.
D. Create a formula field on the Quote object that performs a SUM on the Quote Line Item Quantity field, filtered for only discounted Quote Line Items.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

To meet the requirement of displaying the number of discounted items in the Quote Line Items, it’s essential to select a solution that can effectively aggregate data from related Quote Line Items to the parent Quote object, while specifically focusing on the discounted items. Let's break down each option.

Option A: Create a trigger on the Quote object that queries the Quantity field on discounted Quote Line Items.
This option involves creating a trigger to query the Quote Line Items for discounted items. While this solution could work, it introduces unnecessary complexity. A trigger would require custom code, which could lead to maintenance challenges, especially when new records are created or updated. Moreover, this method wouldn't natively provide aggregation and could impact performance. It's more efficient to rely on built-in Salesforce features that can handle this requirement without writing custom code.
Option B: Create a Workflow Rule on the Quote Line Item object that updates a field on the parent Quote when the item is discounted.
A workflow rule can automate actions based on specific criteria, such as when a Quote Line Item is discounted. However, this approach doesn’t provide a direct aggregation of discounted items and would require additional fields and logic to keep track of the quantities of discounted items. This option would be less straightforward compared to other solutions and might involve more manual updates or field tracking.
Option C: Create a roll-up summary field on the Quote object that performs a SUM on the Quote Line Item Quantity field, filtered for only discounted Quote Line Items.
A roll-up summary field is the most suitable solution here. Salesforce allows roll-up summary fields to aggregate data from related child records (in this case, the Quote Line Items) to the parent record (the Quote). With this field, you can directly sum the quantities of discounted items, as long as there is a criteria filter for the discount. This method is simple, efficient, and natively supported by Salesforce, providing the sales representative with a real-time and accurate count of discounted items in the Quote.
Option D: Create a formula field on the Quote object that performs a SUM on the Quote Line Item Quantity field, filtered for only discounted Quote Line Items.
While formula fields can perform calculations, they cannot aggregate data across related records in the same way a roll-up summary field can. A formula field on the Quote object wouldn’t be able to sum the quantities of discounted items from the related Quote Line Items unless custom development (e.g., Apex code) is involved. This makes the formula field less ideal for this use case, as it doesn't natively support aggregation of related records.

In conclusion, Option C (creating a roll-up summary field) is the most efficient and native solution, as it allows for the automatic aggregation of discounted Quote Line Item quantities without requiring custom code or additional workflows. This method leverages Salesforce's built-in functionality to meet the requirement in a streamlined and effective manner.

Question No 6:

A Developer wants to get access to the standard price book in the org while writing a test class that covers an OpportunityLineItem trigger. Which method allows access to the price book?

A. Use Test.getStandardPricebookId() to get the standard price book ID.
B. Use @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) and delete the existing standard price book.
C. Use Test.loadData() and a Static Resource to load a standard price book.
D. Use @TestVisible to allow the test method to see the standard price book.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

When writing a test class in Salesforce, the test environment is typically isolated from the actual production data, and one common limitation is that it doesn't have access to certain data unless explicitly provided. However, in certain cases, there are methods that allow you to bypass some of these restrictions for testing purposes.

In this case, to access the standard price book within a test class, the most effective method is Test.getStandardPricebookId(). This method allows a developer to retrieve the standard price book ID, which is an important resource for testing objects like OpportunityLineItem that rely on a price book to associate products with opportunities. By using Test.getStandardPricebookId(), a developer can ensure that the test class has the correct price book reference without needing to manually create or manipulate price book records.

The reason why Test.getStandardPricebookId() is the best choice is that it provides a simple, direct way to access the standard price book ID during tests. This method ensures that the test class is not affected by any data inconsistencies or the absence of the price book in the test environment, making it particularly useful for maintaining the integrity of tests that rely on this object.

Looking at the other options:

B is not recommended because using @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) allows the test to access all data in the org, but deleting the existing price book is a poor practice, especially in tests where data integrity is critical. It also makes the test environment dependent on the current state of the org, which can lead to unreliable test results.
C uses Test.loadData() and static resources to load data into the test, but this is more complex and typically unnecessary for standard objects like the price book. Using Test.getStandardPricebookId() is a more efficient and straightforward approach.
D uses the @TestVisible annotation, which controls visibility of Apex code but does not address the need to directly retrieve or manipulate the standard price book within a test. It’s used to expose private variables for testing purposes, not to retrieve data.

In summary, Test.getStandardPricebookId() is the best method for retrieving the standard price book ID in a test class, ensuring that tests involving OpportunityLineItem are consistent and reliable.

Question No 7:

Which two Apex data types can be used to reference a Salesforce record ID dynamically? (Choose two.)

A. ENUM
B. sObject
C. External ID
D. String

Correct Answer: B,D

Explanation:

In Salesforce Apex, when you need to reference a record ID dynamically, the two primary data types used are sObject and String. Here’s a detailed explanation of why these options are correct:

sObject: In Salesforce, every record is represented as an instance of an sObject. An sObject is a generic data type that can represent any object type in Salesforce (e.g., Account, Contact, Custom Object). Since an sObject contains the record's fields, it can also hold the ID of that record. The record ID is automatically included in the sObject when querying for records, and you can reference the ID by accessing the Id field of the sObject. For instance:

In this case, the record ID is referenced dynamically by using the sObject data type.

String: A String is another common data type used to reference Salesforce record IDs dynamically. Record IDs in Salesforce are unique strings that are 15 or 18 characters long. You can store these IDs in a String variable and dynamically pass them as needed. This is useful when you're working with IDs in dynamic queries, DML operations, or other contexts where you manipulate IDs as strings. For example:

Here, the String type is used to reference the record ID dynamically in the query.The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

A. ENUM: ENUM is a data type that defines a set of named constants, not a data type used for referencing record IDs. It is typically used to represent a predefined set of values for a field, such as the stages of an opportunity. It does not directly reference a record ID.
C. External ID: An External ID is a special type of field in Salesforce, usually used to represent unique identifiers from external systems, not a data type. While it can be used to map records from external systems, it is not itself a data type for referencing Salesforce record IDs directly in Apex code.

Thus, the correct answers are sObject and String, as they are the data types that allow you to dynamically reference Salesforce record IDs.

Question No 8:

Where can a developer identify the time taken by each process in a transaction using Developer Console log inspector?

A. Performance Tree tab under Stack Tree panel
B. Execution Tree tab under Stack Tree panel
C. Timeline tab under Execution Overview panel
D. Save Order tab under Execution Overview panel

Explanation:

In Salesforce, the Developer Console provides a log inspector that allows developers to analyze logs related to transactions and performance. This helps in identifying how much time each process takes during a transaction. When using the Developer Console, the Timeline tab under the Execution Overview panel is specifically designed for this purpose. It gives an overview of how long different operations take during the execution of the transaction, such as queries, triggers, or other processing steps.

The Performance Tree tab under Stack Tree panel (A) provides a view into different operations within the transaction but is not specifically aimed at showing the time taken by each process.
The Execution Tree tab under Stack Tree panel (B) organizes operations by their call hierarchy and provides a detailed view, but it doesn't give a clear, summarized time breakdown for each process.
The Timeline tab under Execution Overview panel (C) is where you can view a detailed breakdown of the transaction’s lifecycle, including the time spent on various operations. It allows you to quickly see how long each part of the transaction took, which is crucial for performance optimization.
The Save Order tab under Execution Overview panel (D) is not relevant to time tracking. It typically deals with the order in which records are saved in a transaction.

Thus, the correct answer is C, as the Timeline tab allows developers to identify the time taken by each process in a transaction, making it the most useful for this purpose.

Question No 9:

Which two platform features align to the Controller portion of MVC architecture? (Choose two.)

A. Process Builder actions
B. Workflow rules
C. Standard objects
D. Date fields

Correct Answer: A, B

Explanation:

In the context of the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, the Controller is responsible for managing the flow of data between the Model and the View. It takes user input from the View, processes it, and updates the Model or displays updated information. Let's break down each of the options in relation to the Controller:

A. Process Builder actions: Process Builder is a powerful automation tool in Salesforce that can trigger various actions like creating records, updating fields, sending emails, or calling external systems. It plays a role in the Controller portion because it controls how data is processed and flows through the system based on certain conditions, making it align with the core functions of a controller in MVC. The Process Builder is triggered by events (such as changes in the View) and carries out processing and logic related to that event, which fits the Controller role perfectly.
B. Workflow rules: Like Process Builder, Workflow rules also automate processes in Salesforce. Workflow rules are conditions that trigger actions such as field updates, task creation, or outbound messages when certain criteria are met. The Workflow rules operate in the Controller domain by taking input, processing it (performing automated tasks), and affecting the Model or the data layer. It doesn’t directly impact the View, but it ensures that data is correctly processed according to business rules, which aligns with the responsibilities of a Controller.
C. Standard objects: Standard objects (like Accounts, Contacts, Opportunities, etc.) represent the Model portion of the MVC architecture. The Model stores data and business logic. Standard objects contain the data structures used within Salesforce, but they are not directly involved in the Controller layer. Instead, the Controller works with these objects to process or manipulate the data. Therefore, Standard objects are not part of the Controller in the MVC framework.
D. Date fields: Date fields are a type of data field used to store specific date values in Salesforce records. These fields are part of the Model as they represent data, and therefore, they are not part of the Controller in the MVC structure. The Controller might process the values in these fields (for example, using logic to calculate deadlines or trigger actions based on dates), but the Date fields themselves are not the Controller.

Thus, A (Process Builder actions) and B (Workflow rules) are the correct choices because they automate processes that align with the Controller's function of processing data and managing workflows.

Question No 10:

Which two environments meet the requirements for testing? (Choose two.)

A. Developer Sandbox
B. Full Sandbox
C. Developer Edition
D. Partial Sandbox
E. Developer Pro Sandbox

Correct answers: A, E

Explanation:

When determining the right environments for testing the integration of an invoicing system, there are several factors to consider, such as the storage capacity and data requirements for the test. In this scenario, the developer estimates that the test data will total about 2 GB of data storage. The following sandbox environments are commonly used in Salesforce development and testing:

Developer Sandbox (A): This environment is typically used for development and testing purposes. However, it has a limited storage capacity of 200 MB of data and 1 GB of file storage. Given that the test requires 2 GB of storage, the standard Developer Sandbox would not meet the storage requirements. Therefore, it is not the best choice for this scenario.
Full Sandbox (B): A Full Sandbox is a complete replica of the production environment, including all data and metadata. It is designed for testing, staging, and training with production-like data. However, Full Sandboxes are generally used for larger-scale tests and often have more storage capacity. It would meet the storage requirement of 2 GB of data but is often unnecessary for integration testing since it includes production data, which is not needed in this scenario.
Developer Edition (C): The Developer Edition environment is a free, fully-featured environment provided by Salesforce for development and testing. However, it has a limited amount of storage (typically 5 MB for data and 20 MB for files), which would not meet the 2 GB storage requirement. Therefore, this environment would not be suitable for the test described.
Partial Sandbox (D): Partial Sandboxes are a subset of Full Sandboxes and are typically used for testing with a subset of production data, especially when you don’t need the full dataset. They are limited to 5 GB of storage, making them a good choice for testing smaller subsets of data but still able to handle up to 2 GB of test data in this case. This environment could be an option for the test, but it may not be as ideal as a Developer Pro Sandbox for the specific integration testing.
Developer Pro Sandbox (E): The Developer Pro Sandbox is designed for developers and testers who need more storage capacity than the standard Developer Sandbox. It includes 1 GB of data storage and 1 GB of file storage, but it can be increased to handle up to 5 GB of data. This makes it an ideal environment for the integration testing scenario, where 2 GB of data is required.

In summary, the Developer Pro Sandbox (E) would be the best fit for this test due to its storage capacity, while the Partial Sandbox (D) can also meet the requirement depending on the available storage, though it may be less optimized for integration testing with larger datasets. Therefore, the two most appropriate environments are A and E.