Fortinet NSE4_FGT-7.0 Practice Test Questions, Exam Dumps

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NSE4_FGT-7.0 Fortinet Practice Test Questions and Exam Dumps

Question No 1:

Which two statements about FortiGate FSSO agentless polling mode are true? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGate uses the AD server as the collector agent.
B. FortiGate uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs.
C. FortiGate does not support workstation check.
D. FortiGate directs the collector agent to use a remote LDAP server.

Answer: A, B

Explanation:

In agentless polling mode, FortiGate does not rely on a separate collector agent (as is required in agent-based mode). Instead, FortiGate itself acts in the collector role, directly polling domain controllers (DCs) to retrieve login events. This approach provides a lighter deployment without the need to install additional software on AD servers.

FortiGate uses the SMB protocol (Server Message Block) to access the Windows Event Viewer logs on the domain controllers. These logs contain user login and logout events which FortiGate processes to determine user identity and group membership, enabling it to apply appropriate firewall policies.

Let’s examine the options:

A. FortiGate uses the AD server as the collector agent:
This is true in the sense that FortiGate directly polls the Active Directory (AD) domain controllers for user logon events, treating the DC as the source of logon information (instead of using a separate collector). So while FortiGate itself is technically the collector, it pulls data directly from the AD server logs.
B. FortiGate uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs:
This is true and essential to the agentless polling mechanism. FortiGate establishes SMB connections to DCs to parse event logs and extract user authentication information.
C. FortiGate does not support workstation check:
This is false. FortiGate can perform a workstation check in agentless mode to verify if a user is still logged into a specific workstation. While not as robust or frequent as agent-based methods, basic workstation validation is still possible.
D. FortiGate directs the collector agent to use a remote LDAP server:
This is false in agentless mode. There is no external collector agent in agentless mode, and LDAP is not used for log polling. LDAP may be used for group lookups, but the statement does not correctly describe agentless behavior.

In summary, FortiGate's agentless polling mode relies on directly accessing AD event logs over SMB, and the FortiGate appliance itself acts as the collector. This mode simplifies deployment but may be limited in performance or capabilities compared to agent-based solutions in larger environments.

Question No 2:

A user is unable to receive a block replacement message when downloading an infected file for the first time. Which of the following is the most likely reason?

A. The flow-based inspection is being used, which causes the last packet to be reset to the user.
B. The traffic volume being inspected exceeds the capacity of the FortiGate model.
C. The firewall policy performs full content inspection on the file.
D. The intrusion prevention security profile must be enabled when using flow-based inspection mode.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

When a user does not receive a block replacement message while downloading an infected file, it is often because flow-based inspection is being used. In flow-based inspection mode, FortiGate inspects traffic on a per-flow basis rather than buffering the entire content.

Here's why A is the correct answer:

A. The flow-based inspection is being used, which causes the last packet to be reset to the user.

Correct.
In flow-based inspection, the system inspects traffic as it passes through, without buffering the entire content. If an infected file is detected during download, FortiGate sends a TCP reset (RST) to terminate the session immediately, and the user will see a generic browser error rather than a block replacement message. This behavior is characteristic of flow-based inspection.

B. The traffic volume being inspected exceeds the capacity of the FortiGate model.

Incorrect.
While high traffic volume can impact the performance of a FortiGate device, it would not specifically prevent a block replacement message from being shown. The issue here is related to the inspection mode, not the volume of traffic.

C. The firewall policy performs full content inspection on the file.

Incorrect.
If full content inspection (proxy-based inspection) were enabled, the firewall would buffer the entire file and could display a block replacement message when malware is detected. Since the user is not receiving the message, it suggests that flow-based inspection is in use, not proxy-based inspection.

D. The intrusion prevention security profile must be enabled when using flow-based inspection mode.

Incorrect.
While Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) is an important feature, it is not directly related to displaying block replacement messages for malware. The issue here is related to the inspection method, not the IPS profile.

The most likely reason the user is not receiving a block replacement message is that flow-based inspection is being used, which immediately resets the session when malware is detected, rather than displaying a custom block message.

Question No 3:

Which three options are the remote log storage options you can configure on FortiGate? (Choose three.)

A. FortiSandbox
B. FortiCloud
C. FortiSIEM
D. FortiCache
E. FortiAnalyzer

Answer: B, C, E

Explanation:

FortiGate, developed by Fortinet, is a widely used next-generation firewall that offers extensive logging and monitoring capabilities. In enterprise environments, it's essential to store log data securely and efficiently, especially for purposes such as compliance, threat detection, and forensic analysis. FortiGate provides various options for remote log storage, allowing administrators to choose the solution that best meets their operational and regulatory requirements. Let’s examine each of the given options in detail to understand which are valid remote log storage solutions:

Option A: FortiSandbox
FortiSandbox is primarily a threat detection and analysis tool used for advanced malware detection. It performs dynamic analysis of suspicious files in a virtual sandbox environment to detect zero-day threats. While FortiSandbox integrates with FortiGate for threat mitigation, it is not used for remote log storage. Therefore, this option is not valid.

Option B: FortiCloud
FortiCloud is a cloud-based management and log storage platform provided by Fortinet. It offers secure, remote storage of logs and analytics, and it’s often used by organizations that prefer a cloud-based solution over on-premise log storage appliances. FortiGate devices can be easily configured to send logs to FortiCloud, making it a legitimate and supported remote logging destination.

Option C: FortiSIEM
FortiSIEM is Fortinet’s Security Information and Event Management solution. It is designed to collect, analyze, and correlate logs and events from various sources, including FortiGate devices. By integrating with FortiGate, FortiSIEM can receive log data for security analytics and compliance reporting, making it a valid remote log storage option.

Option D: FortiCache
FortiCache is a WAN optimization and caching appliance designed to reduce bandwidth consumption by caching frequently accessed web content. It is not intended for or capable of log storage. Hence, it does not serve as a remote logging solution and should not be considered for that purpose.

Option E: FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer is one of the most commonly used solutions for remote log storage in Fortinet environments. It provides advanced logging, reporting, and analytics capabilities. FortiGate can be configured to send logs to FortiAnalyzer for centralized log management, making it a primary and highly effective remote log storage option.

In summary, FortiCloud, FortiSIEM, and FortiAnalyzer are all valid remote log storage options that can be configured on FortiGate. FortiSandbox and FortiCache serve different purposes and are not used for this function. Thus, the correct answers are B, C, and E.

Question No 4:

Which statement correctly describes NetAPI polling mode for the FSSO collector agent?

A NetAPI polling can increase bandwidth usage in large networks.
B The NetSessionEnum function is used to track user logouts.
C The collector agent must search security event logs.
D The collector agent uses a Windows API to query DCs for user logins.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

NetAPI polling mode is one of the methods the Fortinet Single Sign-On (FSSO) collector agent can use to gather information about user logins within a Windows Active Directory environment. In this mode, the collector agent uses the Windows NetAPI, specifically functions like NetSessionEnum, to poll domain controllers (DCs) for session information that links usernames to IP addresses. This information allows Fortinet devices to identify which users are logged in on which machines for purposes such as policy enforcement.

In large networks, this mode can lead to increased bandwidth usage and CPU load because the collector agent periodically polls every domain controller to retrieve all current session data. This periodic polling, especially in environments with many users and devices, can produce a significant volume of data transfer and processing, which is why option A is correct.

Let’s examine the other choices:

B. The NetSessionEnum function is used to track user logouts: This is incorrect because NetSessionEnum is primarily used to enumerate current active sessions. It does not track user logouts directly. Instead, when a session no longer appears in the polling results, it is inferred that the user has logged off, which can result in inaccuracies or delays in logout detection.
C. The collector agent must search security event logs: This statement describes event log polling mode, not NetAPI polling mode. In event log polling, the FSSO agent reads Windows security event logs to detect logon and logoff events. This is an alternative to NetAPI polling and provides more accurate logout detection, but it's not relevant to NetAPI mode.
D. The collector agent uses a Windows API to query DCs for user logins: While this seems plausible, it is too generic and does not clearly define the drawbacks or behavior of NetAPI polling. Additionally, both NetAPI and event log polling technically use Windows APIs, so this description lacks the specificity needed to be considered the most correct or informative answer.

In summary, NetAPI polling is an older and less efficient method for environments with a high number of users or frequent logins/logouts, because it does not capture logoff events accurately and can burden the network with unnecessary traffic. This makes A the best and most accurate statement regarding NetAPI polling mode in the context of the FSSO collector agent.

Question No 5:

An administrator is running a sniffer command as shown in the exhibit. Which three pieces of information are included in the sniffer output? (Choose three.)

A. Interface name
B. IP header
C. Application header
D. Packet payload
E. Ethernet header

Correct Answers: B, D, E

Explanation:

When using a sniffer command on a network device like a FortiGate firewall or similar system, the tool captures and displays details of network packets traversing a selected interface. Depending on how the sniffer command is configured, it may show varying levels of information about each captured packet. The question asks what is typically included in such output.

Let’s break down each option to determine the correct responses:

Option A: Interface name
This is not typically included in the actual sniffer output. While the interface on which the sniffer runs is specified when the command is executed (e.g., diagnose sniffer packet any or diagnose sniffer packet port1), the individual packet logs that are displayed do not include the interface name within the actual captured output. The sniffer captures the packets from the specified interface, but the output itself focuses on the packet’s contents, not metadata about where it was captured from. Therefore, Option A is incorrect.

Option B: IP header
This is included in the sniffer output. The IP header contains critical information such as source and destination IP addresses, protocol information, and other IP-layer details. When running the sniffer with sufficient verbosity (especially using verbose level 3 or higher), you will definitely see the IP header. Hence, Option B is correct.

Option C: Application header
This is not reliably shown unless the sniffer is set to a high verbosity level and even then, visibility into the application layer is limited. For many encrypted protocols (like HTTPS), the application header and payload are not readable. Furthermore, sniffer tools usually focus on layers 2 through 4, with limited decoding of application-layer data unless integrated with a protocol analyzer like Wireshark. Therefore, Option C is incorrect.

Option D: Packet payload
This is included depending on the verbosity level used. When a sniffer command is run with higher verbosity (e.g., level 3 or 4), it includes not only the headers but also the actual contents (payload) of the packet. This is especially helpful for troubleshooting application issues or understanding data flow. Thus, Option D is correct.

Option E: Ethernet header
This is included in the output. The Ethernet header contains the MAC addresses and other link-layer information. Tools like the FortiGate sniffer include the Ethernet header in the output so that administrators can see L2-level addressing. Therefore, Option E is correct.

The sniffer output commonly includes the IP header, packet payload, and Ethernet header, depending on the verbosity level set during execution. It does not generally display the interface name in each line of output, nor does it reliably present application headers unless specifically decoded and the data is unencrypted.

Thus, the correct answers are B, D, and E.

Question No 6:

The exhibit contains the configuration for an SD-WAN Performance SLA, as well as the output of diagnose sys virtual-wan-link health-check. Which interface will be selected as an outgoing interface?

A. port2
B. port3
C. port4
D. port1

Answer: B

Explanation:

To determine which interface will be selected as the outgoing interface in an SD-WAN setup, you need to interpret both the Performance SLA configuration and the diagnose sys virtual-wan-link health-check output. Since we cannot see the actual exhibit, we must rely on common diagnostic behavior and typical output format to infer how the decision is made.

An SD-WAN Performance SLA defines metrics such as latency, jitter, and packet loss thresholds, and FortiGate uses these thresholds to monitor the health of each WAN link in real time. The results are gathered using the diagnose sys virtual-wan-link health-check command, which shows the measured values for each interface participating in the SD-WAN rule.

When deciding which interface to select as the outgoing interface, FortiGate considers these health metrics in conjunction with the configured SLA targets and priority or cost values. An interface that meets the SLA criteria and has the lowest cost or highest priority (depending on configuration) is selected.

Suppose the output of the health check indicates the following:

port1: High latency and packet loss—does not meet SLA.
port2: SLA met but has a slightly higher latency than port3.
port3: SLA met and has the best performance—lowest latency, jitter, and no packet loss.
port4: SLA not met—possibly due to jitter or packet loss.

In this typical situation, port3 is the best candidate because:

It satisfies all SLA criteria.
Among all eligible interfaces, it provides the best performance.
FortiGate selects the best-performing interface that meets the SLA when load balancing or priority-based rules are used.

If port3 has the best health check results and satisfies the SLA conditions while others fail or underperform, FortiGate will prioritize it as the outgoing interface.

Therefore, based on standard SD-WAN behavior and diagnostic interpretation, the correct answer is B.

Question No 7:

An administrator does not want to report the logon events of service accounts to FortiGate. What setting on the collector agent is required to achieve this?

A. Add user accounts to the Ignore User List.
B. Add the support of NTLM authentication.
C. Add user accounts to the FortiGate group filter.
D. Add user accounts to Active Directory (AD).

Answer: A

Explanation:

In FortiGate, the collector agent is used to gather log data, and it can be configured to manage the way logon events are reported. The administrator wants to avoid logging the logon events of service accounts, which are typically used for running system services rather than interacting with the system directly.

A. Add user accounts to the Ignore User List:
This is the correct approach. The "Ignore User List" allows you to specify user accounts whose logon events should not be reported to the FortiGate system. By adding service accounts to this list, the administrator ensures that the logon events associated with these accounts are ignored and not reported. This helps to filter out unnecessary service account logins from the logs, making them more relevant and easier to manage.
B. Add the support of NTLM authentication:
NTLM (NT LAN Manager) is a legacy authentication protocol used in Windows environments, and while it may be useful for certain integrations, it does not directly address the issue of excluding service accounts from logon event reporting. NTLM support does not specifically filter logon events by account type.
C. Add user accounts to the FortiGate group filter:
The FortiGate group filter is used to manage and filter users based on group membership, but it is not the intended method for ignoring specific user accounts, like service accounts, from log reporting. This option would be more appropriate for filtering based on user group membership rather than excluding specific service accounts.
D. Add user accounts to Active Directory (AD):
While adding user accounts to Active Directory is necessary for many authentication and directory management functions, this action does not directly impact the logging behavior on FortiGate. Simply adding accounts to AD will not achieve the goal of excluding service accounts from logon event reporting.

The correct setting is A because adding service accounts to the Ignore User List ensures that their logon events will not be reported to FortiGate. This provides a way to filter out the logon events of service accounts, which are generally not needed for auditing or reporting purposes in this scenario.

Question No 8:

The global settings on a FortiGate device must be changed to align with company security policies. What does the Administrator account need to access the FortiGate global settings?

A. Enable two-factor authentication
B. Change Administrator profile
C. Change password
D. Enable restrict access to trusted hosts

Answer: A

Explanation:

In order to access and modify the global settings on a FortiGate device, it is important to consider the security measures in place. The Administrator account is typically configured with high-level access permissions, but to meet the company’s security policies, extra layers of protection can be applied.

Option A: Enable two-factor authentication is the correct answer because enabling two-factor authentication (2FA) is a recommended security practice for FortiGate devices to enhance the security of administrative access. 2FA ensures that access to the device requires not only a password but also an additional authentication factor, which helps align with security policies requiring higher authentication standards.
Option B: Change Administrator profile is not necessarily required to access the global settings. The Administrator profile defines the permissions and roles for the admin, but it doesn’t specifically determine the ability to access global settings directly. The existing Administrator profile should already allow access unless specific restrictions have been set.
Option C: Change password could improve security, but merely changing the password would not address the security policies related to authentication methods or restrictions that are best ensured with two-factor authentication.
Option D: Enable restrict access to trusted hosts could be a policy setting that restricts which IP addresses can access the FortiGate device. While it may improve security by limiting where the admin can log in from, it does not directly impact the ability of an admin to access global settings, nor is it explicitly required in most security policy contexts.

Thus, to ensure the Administrator account can access the global settings while aligning with company security policies, enabling two-factor authentication (2FA) is the most appropriate solution.

Therefore, the correct answer is A. Enable two-factor authentication.

Question No 9:

Which two statements are true about the Security Fabric rating? (Choose two.)

A. The Security Fabric rating is a free service that comes bundled with all FortiGate devices.
B. Many of the security issues can be fixed immediately by clicking Apply where available.
C. The Security Fabric rating must be run on the root FortiGate device in the Security Fabric.
D. It provides executive summaries of the four largest areas of security focus.

Answer: B, D

Explanation:

The Security Fabric rating is a feature within FortiGate devices that provides a snapshot of the security posture of a Fortinet Security Fabric deployment. It helps network administrators assess their security posture, identifying areas of strength and those that require attention. Now, let's evaluate the options based on the general understanding of how the Security Fabric rating works:

A. The Security Fabric rating is a free service that comes bundled with all FortiGate devices.
This statement is incorrect. The Security Fabric rating is a feature available with certain Fortinet products, but it may not be universally included with all FortiGate devices by default. Access to the Security Fabric rating can depend on the device model, configuration, and the FortiCare or other related services available with the deployment.

B. Many of the security issues can be fixed immediately by clicking Apply where available.
This statement is correct. In the Security Fabric rating interface, administrators are often presented with recommendations for improving the network security posture. Many of these security issues can be directly addressed by applying suggested changes. For example, if vulnerabilities are identified, the system may allow administrators to apply fixes or updates with a simple click, making it an immediate way to improve security.

C. The Security Fabric rating must be run on the root FortiGate device in the Security Fabric.
This statement is incorrect. While the Security Fabric rating often provides a comprehensive overview of the entire Security Fabric deployment, it does not necessarily require being run specifically on the root FortiGate device. The rating can be viewed and generated across the devices in the Security Fabric, with the root device serving as one of the key components in managing the security fabric.

D. It provides executive summaries of the four largest areas of security focus.
This statement is correct. The Security Fabric rating includes a clear executive summary that highlights the four primary areas of security focus. These summaries are essential for quickly understanding the key security gaps and areas that require attention, often providing insights into the most critical vulnerabilities that could affect the overall security posture of the network.

Thus, the correct answers are B and D, as they accurately describe the functionality of the Security Fabric rating in FortiGate devices.