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NSE5_FAZ-7.0 Fortinet Practice Test Questions and Exam

Question No 1:

What is the best approach to handle a hard disk failure on a FortiAnalyzer that supports hardware RAID?

A. Hot swap the disk.
B. There is no need to do anything because the disk will self-recover.
C. Shut down FortiAnalyzer and replace the disk.
D. Run execute format disk to format and restart the FortiAnalyzer device.

Answer: A

Explanation:

When a hard disk failure occurs in a FortiAnalyzer device that uses hardware RAID, the system is designed to maintain data integrity and minimize downtime. The best course of action would be to hot swap the disk, which is option A. Hardware RAID setups, particularly those using RAID levels like RAID 1 or RAID 5, are designed to tolerate one or more disk failures without data loss, depending on the RAID configuration.

Here’s why the other options are less ideal:

• B. "There is no need to do anything because the disk will self-recover." This is inaccurate because, while RAID systems offer redundancy, they do not automatically recover a failed disk. Human intervention is needed to replace the failed disk, and the RAID array will typically rebuild the data onto the new disk after it is replaced. Therefore, this option does not fully address the problem.

• C. "Shut down FortiAnalyzer and replace the disk." Although shutting down the device is an option, it is not necessary in systems with hardware RAID that supports hot swapping. Hot swapping allows the failed disk to be replaced without powering down the device, which is more efficient and minimizes downtime. Therefore, this option is not as efficient as option A.

• D. "Run execute format disk to format and restart the FortiAnalyzer device." This option is not a solution for handling a disk failure. Formatting the disk would erase any data on it, which is counterproductive. In a RAID setup, you typically want to replace the failed disk and allow the RAID array to rebuild, not erase data.

In conclusion, the best approach is to A. Hot swap the disk. By doing so, the RAID controller will begin the rebuild process automatically, ensuring minimal service disruption and preserving data integrity.

Question No 2:

Which statement is correct regarding the event displayed?

A An incident was created from this event.
B The security risk was blocked or dropped.
C The security event risk is considered open.
D The risk source is isolated.

Answer: C

Explanation:

When evaluating security events, it's essential to understand the context in which they are displayed. Security events are typically part of a broader monitoring and incident response process. In this case, the statement "The security event risk is considered open" suggests that the event has been identified but has not yet been resolved or closed. This can indicate that further investigation or action is required, and the event is still actively being monitored.

The other options refer to different stages in the incident response or threat mitigation process:

• A suggests that an incident was created based on the event. While an event may lead to the creation of an incident, this is not always the case, and the status of the event itself does not necessarily indicate this.

• B indicates that the risk associated with the event was blocked or dropped, which would mean the threat has been neutralized. However, if the event risk were considered blocked or dropped, the event would likely be resolved and not marked as open.

• D suggests that the risk source has been isolated, which would imply that the source of the threat has been contained. Like B, this would typically be associated with an event that is no longer considered open since the threat is being controlled.

Thus, the statement that best fits the condition described is C, as it indicates the event risk is still being actively considered.

Question No 3:

Which statement correctly describes the management extensions available on FortiAnalyzer?

A. Management extensions do not require additional licenses.
B. Management extensions may require a minimum number of CPU cores to run.
C. Management extensions allow FortiAnalyzer to act as a FortiSIEM supervisor.
D. Management extensions require a dedicated VM for best performance.

Answer: B

Explanation:

Management extensions in FortiAnalyzer enhance the functionality of the device by adding more advanced features for network and security management. When evaluating the statement options, it's essential to understand the underlying requirements and constraints of these extensions.

A. This option states that management extensions do not require additional licenses, which is incorrect. FortiAnalyzer typically requires licenses for certain advanced features, and management extensions can also be part of that. Some of these extensions may indeed necessitate separate licensing, depending on the specific capabilities and deployments.

B. The correct answer is that management extensions may require a minimum number of CPU cores to run. As FortiAnalyzer handles increasingly complex tasks, such as integrating with FortiSIEM or supporting advanced analytics, it needs more computational resources. In particular, when running management extensions, the platform might require certain minimum hardware specifications, such as CPU cores, to ensure efficient operation without performance degradation. This is particularly true in more resource-intensive environments where the extension facilitates enhanced data processing or integration.

C. This statement is misleading because although FortiAnalyzer can integrate with FortiSIEM, it does not function as the FortiSIEM supervisor. FortiSIEM is a separate solution in the Fortinet ecosystem that primarily focuses on security event management and the centralized collection of security data. While FortiAnalyzer can assist in such environments, it does not act as the supervisor in the traditional FortiSIEM management model.

D. While dedicated VMs may improve performance in specific configurations, this is not a strict requirement. The use of a dedicated VM for running FortiAnalyzer with management extensions might provide optimized performance, especially in large-scale or critical deployments. However, the use of such a setup is not universally required. It depends on the deployment size and expected system load. Therefore, it cannot be considered an essential factor for best performance.

Thus, B is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the system requirements for running management extensions, which may indeed necessitate a certain minimum number of CPU cores to operate efficiently.

Question No 4:

In FortiView, which feature can you use to build a dataset and chart based on the filtered search results, similar to the Chart Builder in Log View?

A. Export to Custom Chart
B. Export to PDF
C. Export to Chart Builder
D. Export to Report Chart

Answer: C

Explanation:

In FortiView, the feature that allows you to build a dataset and chart based on filtered search results, much like the Chart Builder in Log View, is Export to Chart Builder. This feature allows users to visualize their filtered data by exporting it into a customizable chart, enabling enhanced data analysis and visualization.

• Option A: Export to Custom Chart is not a valid option in FortiView. While it may seem like a reasonable choice, FortiView does not provide a feature specifically named "Export to Custom Chart" for building datasets and charts from filtered data.

• Option B: Export to PDF is useful for generating reports, but it does not enable the creation of interactive charts or datasets like in the Chart Builder. PDF export allows the user to share static reports but is not intended for the same type of data manipulation and visualization as FortiView’s chart-building capabilities.

• Option D: Export to Report Chart is not the correct option either. This could be confused with report-generation functions, but FortiView does not have a direct function called "Export to Report Chart" for creating datasets and charts.

In summary, the correct answer is C. Export to Chart Builder, as it directly corresponds to the feature in Log View that allows users to visualize and manipulate their filtered data through interactive charts.

Question No 5:

Which daemon is responsible for enforcing the log file size?

A. logfiled
B. oftpd
C. sqlplugind
D. miglogd

Answer: A

Explanation:

The daemon responsible for enforcing the log file size is logfiled. This daemon is typically tasked with managing and maintaining the size of log files in a system. Log file size management is crucial because it ensures that logs don't consume excessive disk space, which could potentially lead to system slowdowns or failures. Daemons like logfiled monitor the size of the log files and implement policies to rotate or archive old logs when a certain threshold is reached, preventing the system from running out of storage space.

Other daemons listed in the options, such as oftpd, sqlplugind, and miglogd, serve different purposes. Oftpd is associated with file transfer protocol (FTP) services, managing FTP server connections. Sqlplugind deals with SQL plugin functionality, and miglogd is related to migration logging, which is not specifically concerned with enforcing log file sizes.

By contrast, logfiled directly handles the task of log file size management, rotating logs or truncating them as necessary, which is essential in high-traffic environments where logs can grow rapidly. This helps ensure that logs are preserved for auditing or troubleshooting purposes without overburdening system resources

Question No 6:

For which two SAML roles can the FortiAnalyzer be configured? (Choose two.)

A. Principal
B. Identity provider
C. Identity collector
D. Service provider

Correct answer: B, D

Explanation:

In a Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) configuration, two main roles are critical in determining how authentication and authorization will flow between systems: the Identity Provider (IdP) and the Service Provider (SP). The FortiAnalyzer can be configured to act as either a Service Provider or an Identity Provider, depending on how it interacts with other systems in the security architecture.

Identity Provider (IdP): The Identity Provider is the system responsible for authenticating the user and sending the appropriate authentication response (assertion) to the service provider. The FortiAnalyzer can be configured as an Identity Provider, meaning it will be responsible for validating user credentials and then providing access to the service based on this authentication.

Service Provider (SP): The Service Provider is the system that relies on an identity provider to authenticate users. Once the user is authenticated by the IdP, the SP grants access to the requested services. In this role, the FortiAnalyzer acts as the Service Provider, leveraging an external IdP to authenticate users and providing the appropriate service (such as data analysis and logging in FortiAnalyzer's case).

The Principal role is not typically associated with the FortiAnalyzer in the context of SAML, as it refers to the user or entity making a request. The Identity Collector role is also not relevant in the SAML configuration of FortiAnalyzer.

Therefore, the FortiAnalyzer can be configured as either an Identity Provider or a Service Provider, which are essential for the flow of authentication data in SAML-based security setups.

Question No 7:

Which two elements are contained in a system backup created on FortiAnalyzer? (Choose two.)

A. Report information
B. Database snapshot
C. System information
D. Logs from registered devices

Answer:  B, C

Explanation:

A system backup in FortiAnalyzer is designed to capture critical data that ensures the recovery and restoration of the system’s configuration, along with its operational state. The backup includes various elements essential for a comprehensive restoration process, but not everything related to FortiAnalyzer’s function is included in the backup.

A. Report information: While FortiAnalyzer does store reports generated from the data it collects, these are not typically included in a system backup. Reports are generated based on the logs and stored data, but the backup focuses on system and configuration elements rather than the actual report data.

B. Database snapshot: This is a key component of a system backup on FortiAnalyzer. It captures the entire database of logs, events, and configurations. A database snapshot ensures that, in the event of a system failure or need for restoration, you can quickly recover the complete set of collected data, including logs and configurations, that was stored at the time the backup was taken.

C. System information: This includes critical configuration and system settings, such as network settings, device settings, and other administrative configurations. The backup preserves this information, which is essential for restoring the system to its original operational state after a failure or during migration.

D. Logs from registered devices: While logs from registered devices are crucial for FortiAnalyzer's role, they are not typically included in a system backup. Logs are stored in the database, and it is the database snapshot (option B) that preserves them. Logs are part of the overall database but are not treated as a separate element to be specifically backed up on their own.

Therefore, the correct elements contained in a system backup on FortiAnalyzer are B. Database snapshot and C. System information, as these two components ensure that the system can be fully restored in case of a disaster.

Question No 8:

What is required to authorize a FortiGate on FortiAnalyzer using Fabric authorization?

A. A pre-shared key
B. The FortiGate serial number
C. A FortiGate ADOM
D. Valid FortiAnalyzer credentials

Explanation:

To authorize a FortiGate device on a FortiAnalyzer using Fabric authorization, the most critical element is valid FortiAnalyzer credentials. This authorization method allows the FortiGate device to securely communicate and exchange data with the FortiAnalyzer, establishing the required connection between the two devices. Without the proper credentials for FortiAnalyzer, the FortiGate device will not be able to authenticate with the FortiAnalyzer for logging and analysis purposes.

• A. A pre-shared key is used in other scenarios, such as VPN configurations or encryption protocols, but not in the specific context of Fabric authorization.

• B. The FortiGate serial number might be necessary in some other aspects of FortiGate management but is not the primary factor in Fabric authorization.

• C. A FortiGate ADOM is related to the FortiAnalyzer's organizational model, but it is not the main requirement for authorizing the device itself.

• D. Valid FortiAnalyzer credentials are essential to authenticate and authorize the FortiGate on the FortiAnalyzer system.

Question No 9:

Which two statements are true regarding high availability (HA) on FortiAnalyzer? (Choose two.)

A. FortiAnalyzer HA can function without VRRP, and VRRP is required only if you have more than two FortiAnalyzer devices in a cluster.
B. FortiAnalyzer HA supports synchronization of logs as well as some system and configuration settings.
C. All devices in a FortiAnalyzer HA cluster must run in the same operation mode: analyzer or collector.
D. FortiAnalyzer HA implementation is supported by all cloud providers.

Answer: B, C

Explanation:

FortiAnalyzer High Availability (HA) is a key feature that ensures the reliability and continuity of log management and analysis services in the event of a device failure. When configuring FortiAnalyzer HA, several factors must be considered for proper functionality, including the device's mode, synchronization of data, and the use of protocols like VRRP.

• Option A: The statement that "FortiAnalyzer HA can function without VRRP, and VRRP is required only if you have more than two FortiAnalyzer devices in a cluster" is not entirely correct. VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) is used for creating a virtual IP address that can be used by multiple FortiAnalyzer devices in HA. While it's possible to implement HA without VRRP in specific cases (especially in smaller deployments), it is not solely dependent on the number of devices in the cluster. VRRP helps with the failover of the virtual IP and can be crucial for a stable HA implementation.

• Option B: This statement is accurate because FortiAnalyzer HA does support synchronization of logs and configuration settings across the devices in the HA cluster. This synchronization ensures that the secondary device in the cluster has the same logs and configurations as the primary device, allowing for continuous log collection and analysis even if one device fails.

• Option C: This statement is correct because all devices in a FortiAnalyzer HA cluster must operate in the same mode, either as an analyzer or a collector. In other words, you cannot mix devices with different roles in a single HA setup. The devices need to have matching roles to ensure that the cluster functions correctly and data is synchronized properly.

• Option D: The statement that FortiAnalyzer HA implementation is supported by all cloud providers is not accurate. Not all cloud providers support FortiAnalyzer HA, and the configuration of HA in the cloud can be more complex due to the networking requirements and limitations of certain cloud platforms. Some cloud providers may not offer full support for HA implementations due to their own limitations or configuration restrictions.

In conclusion, the true statements regarding FortiAnalyzer HA are B and C, as they correctly describe the synchronization of logs and the requirement for devices to run in the same operational mode in an HA cluster.

Question No 10:

Which FortiAnalyzer feature allows you to use a proactive approach when managing your network security?

A. FortiView Monitor
B. Threat hunting
C. Incidents dashboards
D. Outbreak alert services

Answer: B

Explanation:

FortiAnalyzer provides a wide range of features designed to assist with the proactive management of network security, helping administrators stay ahead of potential threats and vulnerabilities. Among these features, threat hunting stands out as a proactive approach. Threat hunting allows security professionals to actively search for signs of potential security threats within their network environment, rather than waiting for alerts to be triggered by an automated system. This feature is critical for identifying and mitigating threats before they escalate, thus reducing the risk of a successful attack.

A. FortiView Monitor is a tool within FortiAnalyzer that offers real-time visibility into the network’s performance and security posture. While it is helpful for monitoring, it does not specifically represent a proactive approach to managing network security since it primarily focuses on monitoring and not actively searching for threats.

C. Incidents dashboards provide a graphical representation of security incidents that have occurred, allowing for detailed analysis of past events. While they are valuable for post-event analysis, they do not enable the proactive detection or hunting of potential threats in the same way that threat hunting does.

D. Outbreak alert services provide notifications when a potential security outbreak or significant threat is detected. This feature allows for quick awareness and response, but like Incidents dashboards, it is reactive in nature rather than proactive.

In summary, threat hunting offers a proactive approach by actively searching for potential threats within a network environment, making it the most suitable feature for a proactive network security management strategy.