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NSE7_ZTA-7.2 Fortinet Practice Test Questions and Exam Dumps

Question No 1:

Based on the ZTNA logs provided, which statement is true?

A. The Remote_User ZTNA tag has matched the ZTNA rule.
B. An authentication scheme is configured.
C. The external IP for ZTNA server is 10.122.0.139.
D. Traffic is allowed by firewall policy 1.

Correct answer: A

Explanation:

In the context of Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), the logs are used to track user access attempts, their associated tags, and how traffic is handled in relation to defined policies. Let's break down each option:

• A. The Remote_User ZTNA tag has matched the ZTNA rule. This statement is likely correct if the log indicates that a ZTNA tag (such as Remote_User) matched the conditions defined in the ZTNA policy or rule. ZTNA uses tags to classify users and devices, and if this tag is shown as having matched a rule, the user would have successfully passed through the ZTNA authentication or authorization process.

Now let’s analyze why the other options are not correct:

• B. An authentication scheme is configured. This is not necessarily true based on just the ZTNA logs. The logs themselves typically show the outcome of requests (successful or failed), but the configuration of an authentication scheme is part of the initial setup. This option requires additional context beyond the log output itself.

• C. The external IP for ZTNA server is 10.122.0.139. Without specific details from the logs, we cannot confirm that the external IP is indeed 10.122.0.139. The IP address information needs to be explicitly visible in the logs or provided through network configuration details.

• D. Traffic is allowed by firewall policy 1. While traffic may be allowed, this is not necessarily true if the logs do not show this explicitly. The log would need to indicate that firewall policy 1 allowed the traffic, which is not mentioned in this case.

In conclusion, A is the correct answer because the log likely shows that the Remote_User ZTNA tag matched a ZTNA rule, indicating that the access attempt was successfully handled by the ZTNA policy.

Question No 2:

Which statement is true about the hr endpoint?

A. The endpoint is a rogue device.
B. The endpoint is disabled.
C. The endpoint is unauthenticated.
D. The endpoint has been marked at risk.

Correct answer: D

Explanation:

To determine the correct answer, let's analyze each option in the context of what "hr endpoint" could imply:

Option A: The endpoint is a rogue device.

A "rogue device" typically refers to a device that is not recognized or authorized by the network. It could be an unauthorized device trying to connect to the network. However, there is no information provided that directly suggests that the hr endpoint is a rogue device. This option would be true only if there were specific evidence that the device was not authorized, but the question does not state that.

Option B: The endpoint is disabled.

When an endpoint is disabled, it is usually inactive and cannot perform any network functions. The question does not mention that the hr endpoint is disabled, so this is not the most likely option. If it were disabled, the endpoint wouldn't be actively involved in network activity.

Option C: The endpoint is unauthenticated.

An unauthenticated endpoint suggests that the device has not completed the authentication process to join the network securely. This is a possible scenario, but it doesn't directly indicate a risk status. While an unauthenticated endpoint may be at risk, it does not necessarily mean it has been marked as such.

Option D: The endpoint has been marked at risk.

This statement aligns well with typical network security practices. An endpoint being "marked at risk" usually means it has been identified as potentially problematic, possibly due to vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, or suspicious activity. Given that the other options don't fully capture a situation of concern or risk, this is the most likely and relevant answer.

Based on common network security terminology, Option D: The endpoint has been marked at risk is the most appropriate statement, indicating that the hr endpoint is flagged for potential security concerns or vulnerabilities.

Question No 3:

Which two types of configuration can you associate with a user/host profile on FortiNAC? (Choose two.)

A. Service Connectors
B. Network Access
C. Inventory
D. Endpoint compliance

Correct answer: B, D

Explanation:

FortiNAC is a network access control (NAC) solution that provides granular control over who and what can access your network. User/host profiles are central to its operation, and they store key information about the users or devices connecting to the network. Configurations associated with these profiles define how the system interacts with these users or devices, based on various policies and attributes.

• Option B (Network Access): This is a key aspect of the user/host profile configuration. Network access controls define whether a device or user should be granted access to the network based on factors such as authentication, authorization, and policies tied to that user/host. You can configure policies for controlling network access for a user or host in FortiNAC.

• Option D (Endpoint compliance): Endpoint compliance is another crucial configuration that can be associated with a user/host profile. FortiNAC checks whether the endpoint (user device) complies with predefined security policies before granting access to the network. These policies could include checks for antivirus software, patch levels, or other security settings that must be in place for the device to be considered compliant.
  
  

• Option A (Service Connectors): Service connectors are used for integrations with other services like RADIUS servers or other third-party tools. They are not typically configured directly within the user/host profile in FortiNAC but are part of the broader FortiNAC infrastructure for handling network access and authentication requests.

• Option C (Inventory): While inventory is important for asset management, it is not directly associated with the user/host profile in FortiNAC. Inventory refers more to the tracking and management of devices and endpoints, rather than controlling the access or compliance settings tied to a specific user or host.

Thus, B (Network Access) and D (Endpoint compliance) are the correct options because they are directly tied to the user/host profile configurations in FortiNAC.

Correct answer: B, D

Question No 4:

Which statement is true regarding a FortiClient quarantine using FortiAnalyzer playbooks?

A. FortiGate sends a notification to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint.
B. FortiAnalyzer discovers malicious activity in the logs and notifies FortiGate.
C. FortiAnalyzer sends an API to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint.
D. FortiClient sends logs to FortiAnalyzer.

Correct Answer:
C. FortiAnalyzer sends an API to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint.

Explanation:

In this scenario, FortiAnalyzer uses playbooks to automate the response to malicious activity detected in the logs. When suspicious activity is identified, FortiAnalyzer sends an API request to FortiClient EMS (Enterprise Management Server) to quarantine the endpoint. This automated process isolates compromised devices from the network, ensuring they do not pose further risks.

Why other options are incorrect:

• A. FortiGate sends a notification to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint.
  This is incorrect because FortiGate is not responsible for sending notifications to FortiClient EMS to initiate quarantine. The quarantine action is triggered by FortiAnalyzer, not FortiGate.

• B. FortiAnalyzer discovers malicious activity in the logs and notifies FortiGate.
  While FortiAnalyzer does analyze logs for malicious activity, it does not notify FortiGate to quarantine an endpoint. Instead, it directly sends an API request to FortiClient EMS to perform the quarantine action.

• D. FortiClient sends logs to FortiAnalyzer.
  While FortiClient does send logs to FortiAnalyzer, this alone does not trigger a quarantine. The quarantine process is controlled by FortiAnalyzer's playbooks, which send the API request to FortiClient EMS.

Thus, the correct answer is C. FortiAnalyzer sends an API to FortiClient EMS to quarantine the endpoint.

Question No 5:

An administrator wants to create distinct web filtering profiles for off-fabric and on-fabric clients and push them to managed FortiClient devices. Where should this feature be enabled in FortiClient EMS?

A. Endpoint policy
B. ZTNA connection rules
C. System settings
D. On-fabric rule sets

Answer: A. Endpoint policy

Explanation:

In FortiClient EMS, web filtering profiles for on-fabric and off-fabric clients are managed under the Endpoint policy. This is where you configure policies for devices based on their connection type (on or off the network).

Question No 6:

Which port group membership should you enable on FortiNAC to isolate rogue hosts?

A. Forced Authentication
B. Forced Registration
C. Forced Remediation
D. Reset Forced Registration

Correct answer: C

Explanation:

In FortiNAC, the ability to isolate rogue hosts is typically handled by Forced Remediation. Here's why:

C. Forced Remediation

When you enable Forced Remediation on a port group, it allows FortiNAC to take immediate action on hosts that are non-compliant or rogue. These hosts can be moved to a quarantine VLAN or given restricted access until they comply with the organization's security policies. This is the appropriate configuration to isolate rogue hosts from the rest of the network and ensure they do not pose a threat to other devices.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A. Forced Authentication
While Forced Authentication ensures that users or devices are authenticated before they can access the network, it does not directly isolate rogue hosts. This option mainly controls the authentication process, requiring devices to go through a specific authentication procedure before granting access. It does not isolate or block rogue devices.

B. Forced Registration
Forced Registration is used to ensure that devices are registered in the FortiNAC system before they can access the network. However, it does not automatically isolate rogue hosts. This setting helps in keeping track of devices but does not deal with isolating non-compliant devices or rogue hosts.

D. Reset Forced Registration
Reset Forced Registration is not related to isolating rogue hosts. It is typically used to reset the registration status of a device, removing any previous forced registration configurations. It does not provide functionality for isolating rogue hosts.

In conclusion, C. Forced Remediation is the most suitable option for isolating rogue hosts in a FortiNAC environment.

Question No 7:

Which statement is true about disabled hosts on FortiNAC?

A. They are quarantined and placed in the remediation VLAN.
B. They are placed in the authentication VLAN to reauthenticate.
C. They are marked as unregistered rogue devices.
D. They are placed in the dead end VLAN.

Correct answer: A.

Explanation

In FortiNAC (Fortinet's Network Access Control system), hosts that are disabled due to non-compliance, security policy violations, or other reasons need to be handled in a way that prevents them from accessing the network until the issue is resolved. The behavior of disabled hosts can vary depending on the system configuration and the security policies set by the administrator.

• A (They are quarantined and placed in the remediation VLAN): This is typically the action for compromised or non-compliant hosts. When a host is disabled due to security concerns, FortiNAC might quarantine it and place it in a remediation VLAN. In this VLAN, the device can be isolated and remediated before it is allowed back onto the main network.

• B (They are placed in the authentication VLAN to reauthenticate): While some NAC systems may have the option to reauthenticate disabled devices, FortiNAC typically uses a more specific approach such as quarantine or remediation VLANs for disabled hosts. Placing them in the authentication VLAN to reauthenticate is not the most typical behavior for disabled hosts.

• C (They are marked as unregistered rogue devices): Marking disabled hosts as rogue is often used for devices that are not recognized or authorized in the network. However, this typically applies to unknown devices, and disabled devices would not automatically be considered "rogue" unless they fall into this category due to security policies.

• D (They are placed in the dead end VLAN): This VLAN is often used for devices that need to be completely isolated from the network, preventing them from accessing any resources. While a dead-end VLAN could be a possibility, it is more commonly used for highly restricted devices, such as fully quarantined devices.

The most common action for a disabled host in FortiNAC would be for the device to be placed in a remediation VLAN where it can be managed and remediated before being allowed to rejoin the network.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

Question No 8:

Which statement is true about the configuration shown in the exhibit?

A. The domain that FortiClient is connecting to should match the domain to which the certificate is issued.
B. If the FortiClient EMS server certificate is invalid, FortiClient connects silently.
C. The connection from FortiClient to FortiClient EMS uses TCP and TLS 1.2.
D. default_ZTNARoot CA signs the FortiClient certificate for the SSL connectivity to FortiClient EMS.

Correct answer: A

Explanation:

Based on the context provided and the nature of SSL/TLS configurations, the statement A is the most accurate. Here’s why:

• A. The domain that FortiClient is connecting to should match the domain to which the certificate is issued.: This is a fundamental principle of SSL/TLS certificate validation. When a client (in this case, FortiClient) connects to a server (FortiClient EMS), it verifies the server's certificate. Part of this verification involves checking that the domain name in the certificate matches the domain the client is connecting to. If the domain in the certificate does not match the actual domain, the client will typically reject the connection due to a certificate mismatch error.

Now, let’s evaluate why the other options are incorrect:

• B. If the FortiClient EMS server certificate is invalid, FortiClient connects silently.: This is not true. If the server certificate is invalid (e.g., expired, untrusted, or mismatched), FortiClient would likely display an error or warning to the user and refuse to connect unless the user explicitly overrides the warning. It would not connect silently.
  
  

• C. The connection from FortiClient to FortiClient EMS uses TCP and TLS 1.2.: While it is likely that FortiClient uses TLS (which typically operates over TCP), there’s no explicit information provided to confirm that the connection specifically uses TLS 1.2. FortiClient could also use newer versions of TLS (e.g., TLS 1.3) depending on the configuration, so the exact version cannot be assumed based on this statement alone.
  
  

• D. default_ZTNARoot CA signs the FortiClient certificate for the SSL connectivity to FortiClient EMS.: There is no evidence in the provided information suggesting that the default_ZTNARoot CA is involved in signing the FortiClient certificate. Typically, a certificate authority (CA) would sign a certificate for the server-side (EMS in this case), and the client verifies it, but the relationship described in this option isn’t typical or explicitly confirmed by the exhibit.

Therefore, the correct statement about the configuration is A, as it aligns with basic SSL/TLS practices of certificate validation where the domain in the certificate must match the domain the client is attempting to connect to.

Question No 9:

Which factor is a prerequisite on FortiNAC to add a Layer 3 router to its inventory?

A. Allow HTTPS access from the router to the FortiNAC eth0 IP address.
B. Allow FTP access to the FortiNAC database from the router.
C. The router responding to ping requests from the FortiNAC eth1 IP address.
D. SNMP or CLI access to the router to carry out remote tasks.

Correct answer: D

Explanation:

FortiNAC, which is a network access control solution, needs certain configurations in place to interact with devices, such as routers, in the network. These configurations typically involve setting up access protocols that allow FortiNAC to gather information about network devices and manage them effectively. Let's review the options:

• A. Allow HTTPS access from the router to the FortiNAC eth0 IP address: HTTPS access is generally used for secure communication between devices, especially when it involves web-based interfaces. However, this is not typically a primary requirement for adding a router to FortiNAC's inventory. FortiNAC relies more on network management protocols like SNMP or CLI for device communication rather than web access.

• B. Allow FTP access to the FortiNAC database from the router: FTP is typically used for file transfer and is not a common method for adding a device to FortiNAC's inventory. Access to the FortiNAC database is not a necessary condition for adding a router to its inventory, making this option irrelevant.

• C. The router responding to ping requests from the FortiNAC eth1 IP address: While the ability to ping the router is useful for basic connectivity verification, responding to ping requests does not directly facilitate adding the router to FortiNAC's inventory. FortiNAC requires deeper protocols like SNMP or CLI for inventory management, so just being able to ping the router isn't sufficient.

• D. SNMP or CLI access to the router to carry out remote tasks: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) and CLI (Command Line Interface) access are the most important prerequisites for FortiNAC to manage and add routers to its inventory. These protocols allow FortiNAC to gather detailed information about the router's status, interfaces, and configuration, making them essential for the integration of the router into the FortiNAC environment.

Thus, D is the correct answer because SNMP or CLI access provides the necessary communication channel between the router and FortiNAC to perform remote management tasks and add the router to FortiNAC’s inventory.

Question No 10:

Which statement is true about FortiClient EMS in a ZTNA deployment?

A. Uses endpoint information to grant or deny access to the network.
B. Provides network and user identity authentication services.
C. Generates and installs client certificates on managed endpoints.
D. Acts as ZTNA access proxy for managed endpoints.

Correct answer: A

Explanation:

In a Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) deployment, FortiClient EMS (Enterprise Management Server) plays a critical role in managing and securing the endpoints within the network. It ensures that only authenticated and authorized devices are allowed access to network resources. Let's examine the provided options:

• A. Uses endpoint information to grant or deny access to the network.
  This is correct. In a ZTNA deployment, FortiClient EMS collects detailed endpoint information, such as the health status, security posture, and compliance of the device. Based on this information, FortiClient EMS helps to determine whether access to the network should be granted or denied. This is a key function in Zero Trust, where access is not implicitly trusted based on network location, but rather on device posture and authentication.

• B. Provides network and user identity authentication services.
  This is incorrect. While FortiClient EMS plays a role in managing endpoint security, user identity and network authentication services are typically handled by other components like FortiAuthenticator or an identity provider (IdP). FortiClient EMS does not directly authenticate users or manage network identities.

• C. Generates and installs client certificates on managed endpoints.
  This is incorrect. While FortiClient EMS manages endpoint security policies, the process of generating and installing client certificates typically involves FortiGate devices or an external certificate authority (CA) rather than FortiClient EMS directly. FortiClient EMS may manage and enforce policies related to certificates but does not generate or install them on the endpoints.

• D. Acts as ZTNA access proxy for managed endpoints.
  This is incorrect. In a ZTNA architecture, the FortiGate device typically acts as the access proxy, not FortiClient EMS. The FortiGate device works as the ZTNA access proxy that controls the traffic flow based on the security posture of the endpoint, which is reported by FortiClient EMS. FortiClient EMS is more focused on endpoint management rather than acting as the ZTNA proxy.

Thus, the correct answer is A, as FortiClient EMS uses endpoint information to make decisions about whether access should be granted or denied to network resources. This aligns with the Zero Trust principle of continuous verification based on the endpoint's health and compliance status.