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Question 480
An IOS operator needs to determine which OSPFv2 neighbors currently advertise FULL/DR, FULL/BDR or 2WAY/DROTHER on a shared broadcast subnet, and validate the local DR/BDR interface fields. Which displays should be inspected?
- Inspect show ip ospf neighbor and interface output
- show ip route static only
- show interfaces trunk and show vlan brief
- show ip nat translations and show arp
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The neighbor display reports adjacency and DR/BDR roles while the interface display shows local OSPF network type, priority and elected designated routers.
Incorrect Answers
B:The static-route table does not show OSPF neighbor states, their router IDs or the local DR/BDR election result.
C:These are Layer 2 VLAN and trunk displays and cannot substitute for OSPF neighbor and interface election diagnostics.
D:NAT and ARP state have no OSPF neighbor adjacency roles or elected DR/BDR fields.
Question 481
An OSPFv2 router's interface IPv4 address can change during maintenance, but it must retain a stable process router ID used in LSAs. Which OSPF process-level configuration explicitly sets that identifier?
- Let the router select the largest active Ethernet interface address after each link change
- Set the OSPF process ID to match the highest physical interface address
- Configure router-id under the OSPF process
- Set the OSPF interface cost to the desired router ID value
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Manual router ID takes precedence over automatically selected interface addresses.
Incorrect Answers
A:Automatically derived IDs can change across process starts when eligible interface addresses change; explicit router-id fixes the identity.
B:The local OSPF process number is not a 32-bit router ID and need not match other routers.
D:Cost affects path selection, not the process-wide identifier placed into OSPF LSAs.
Question 482
Cisco IOS automatically selects an OSPF router ID at process start. No explicit router-id is configured; the router has active Gi0/0 192.0.2.200 and two configured loopbacks 10.1.1.1 and 10.2.2.2. Which address is selected under the ordinary loopback-preference rule?
- 192.0.2.200 because it is the highest address overall
- 10.1.1.1 because the first loopback interface is always preferred
- Use the highest eligible loopback IPv4 address
- 0.0.0.0 because no router-id command was entered
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Without an explicit OSPF router ID, Cisco IOS generally chooses the highest eligible loopback IPv4 address over nonloopback addresses. Among these loopbacks 10.2.2.2 is highest.
Incorrect Answers
A:Loopback addresses are preferred over active nonloopback interface addresses, even when a physical interface has a numerically larger IPv4 value.
B:The ordinary automatic selection uses the highest eligible loopback address, not necessarily the lowest-numbered loopback interface.
D:The process can automatically derive a router ID from available interface addresses without an explicit configured router-id.
Question 483
An OSPFv2 process has no configured router ID and no loopback interfaces. At startup, the router has eligible operational physical interfaces with addresses 10.10.10.1, 172.16.1.1 and 192.0.2.9. Which automatic router-ID selection rule applies?
- Use the highest eligible active nonloopback IPv4 interface address
- Use 0.0.0.0 until a loopback is created
- Use the numerically lowest operational physical IPv4 address
- Use the OSPF area ID 0 as the router ID
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Without a manual router ID or eligible loopback, Cisco IOS derives the ID from the highest eligible active nonloopback IPv4 interface address; here 192.0.2.9.
Incorrect Answers
B:When eligible active physical IPv4 interface addresses exist, IOS can derive a router ID without needing a loopback.
C:The automatic fallback selects the highest eligible active interface IPv4 address, not the lowest.
D:Area ID and router ID are distinct fields; being in area 0 does not set a router-specific 32-bit ID.
Question 484
An engineer changes `router-id` under an already running OSPF process, but show output still reports the old ID. Which controlled process action may be necessary to apply the changed router ID?
- Change only the ospf interface priority to force the new router ID immediately
- Restart or clear the OSPF process in a controlled window
- Wait for a remote neighbor to assign the local router ID automatically
- Clear the ARP cache without restarting OSPF
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:A chosen OSPF router ID may require process restart to take effect.
Incorrect Answers
A:DR election priority and the 32-bit process router ID are different OSPF settings.
C:Router IDs are chosen locally; peers do not assign the process identifier to this router.
D:ARP cache clearing does not recalculate the OSPF process ID that was already selected when the process started.
Question 485
A router has multiple OSPF-enabled interfaces; an operator must read the actual OSPF process router ID rather than guessing from the highest interface address. Which process output supplies that evidence?
- Use show interfaces brief and infer the ID from the largest up address
- Inspect show ip ospf process information
- Use show ip route ospf and treat its first learned prefix as the router ID
- Use show spanning-tree summary to read a bridge ID as the OSPF router ID
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The operational OSPF process output identifies its current router ID.
Incorrect Answers
A:An explicitly configured OSPF router ID may differ from the interface addresses; process output reports the actual selection.
C:OSPF routes identify networks and next hops, not the local 32-bit process router ID.
D:Ethernet STP bridge identities are unrelated to the router’s OSPF process identity.
Question 486
An engineer wants to enable OSPFv2 process 1 for exactly routed interface Gi0/1 in backbone area 0, using per-interface configuration rather than an OSPF `network` statement. Which command should be applied in interface mode?
- router ospf 1 then network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
- ip ospf 1 area 1 on Gi0/1
- passive-interface Gi0/1 under router ospf 1
- Configure ip ospf 1 area 0 under the interface
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The per-interface `ip ospf 1 area 0` form joins Gi0/1 to OSPF process 1 and area 0 without relying on a wildcard process network match.
Incorrect Answers
A:This is a process-level wildcard network statement affecting a broad set of addresses and does not meet the exact per-interface configuration requirement.
B:That would place the interface in area 1 rather than the explicitly required backbone area 0.
C:Passive disables Hello exchange and does not by itself add Gi0/1 to the requested OSPF process and area.
Question 487
Two IOS routers share a dedicated Ethernet segment with exactly two OSPF participants. The engineer deliberately wants point-to-point OSPF network behavior on both ends, without a broadcast DR/BDR election. Which interface command selects that network type?
- Configure ip ospf network point-to-point on the interface
- ip ospf network broadcast
- ip ospf priority 255
- spanning-tree portfast
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Setting the OSPF interface network type to point-to-point removes the broadcast-mode designated-router election for this directly connected two-router link.
Incorrect Answers
B:Broadcast mode supports DR/BDR election, which is what the two-router point-to-point design wants to avoid.
C:High priority influences DR election on a broadcast segment; it does not change the interface network type to point-to-point.
D:PortFast controls Layer 2 switch edge forwarding, not OSPF routed-interface network type or DR election.
Question 488
An IOS engineer needs to make a particular OSPFv2 routed interface less preferred for traffic to identical-prefix destinations, without changing its bandwidth setting or another interface. Which interface-level cost mechanism directly modifies this link contribution?
- ip ospf priority 0
- Configure an appropriate ip ospf cost value
- auto-cost reference-bandwidth 100000 only on that interface
- ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 via this interface
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The interface ip ospf cost value explicitly changes that link’s contribution to computed OSPF path costs, distinguishing per-link tuning from election priority or global reference bandwidth.
Incorrect Answers
A:OSPF priority zero controls DR/BDR election eligibility on a multiaccess segment, not SPF interface path cost.
C:Reference bandwidth is configured per OSPF process and affects auto-calculated interface costs broadly, not just an exact one-interface explicit metric.
D:A static default route adds a separate candidate forwarding path but does not set the OSPF cost of this link.
Question 489
Gi0/1 is participating in OSPF process 1 but neighbors are not becoming FULL. The engineer must read this local interface’s area ID, Hello and dead timers, OSPF network type and cost. Which command reports those OSPF-specific interface fields?
- Run show ip ospf interface GigabitEthernet0/1
- show ip ospf database
- show ip route ospf
- show interfaces trunk
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The show ip ospf interface command for Gi0/1 exposes local OSPF area, network type, timers, priority and cost used to diagnose neighbor compatibility.
Incorrect Answers
B:The LSDB display lists advertisements and does not directly provide all configured local Gi0/1 timers and network-type information.
C:The routing table lists installed OSPF routes but does not explain the OSPF interface Hello and dead timing parameters.
D:A Layer 2 trunk display is irrelevant to OSPF interface network type, timers and area membership.
Question 490
An engineer wants to inspect the link-state advertisements held by the local OSPFv2 process after neighbors synchronize, rather than installed RIB routes or received interface counters. Which IOS command shows the local LSDB?
- show ip route ospf
- show ip ospf neighbor
- Run show ip ospf database
- show interfaces counters
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The show ip ospf database command displays the local OSPF link-state database and the LSAs used by SPF, separate from installed routes in show ip route.
Incorrect Answers
A:This reports OSPF routes selected into the RIB; not every LSA in the link-state database becomes a selected installed route.
B:This reports peers and adjacency states, not the full set of received and originated link-state advertisements.
D:Ethernet counters are physical and link-layer statistics rather than OSPF LSA contents.
Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests