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Question 80
A global firm centralizes key management, but business units believe central IT now owns all risk to their information. After deployment, what ongoing oversight most directly keeps the requirement effective?
- Review charter effectiveness after changes in business strategy, ownership, and regulatory footprint
- Review source connectors and access mappings after organizational permission changes
- Review role assignments when the operating model or shared service contract changes
- Monitor remediation commitments and changes in assurance scope
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Responsibility boundaries can shift without explicit governance.
Incorrect Answers
A:Governance authority must evolve with the enterprise it serves. It may help maintain aligning security decision authority to business strategy, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns distinguishing control operation from risk ownership.
B:New integrations can silently broaden data exposure. It may help maintain governing enterprise AI access through information architecture, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns distinguishing control operation from risk ownership.
D:An old attestation may not describe the present environment. It may help maintain connecting control assurance to governance outcomes, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns distinguishing control operation from risk ownership.
Question 81
A company wants to assess security maturity but compares only purchased technology counts across divisions. Which management approach best satisfies the primary requirement?
- Include security risk assessment and control obligations within enterprise investment governance
- Keep governance and risk acceptance with the enterprise while contracting delivery obligations
- Assess defined security governance and management capabilities against an agreed maturity model
- Establish a board-endorsed security governance charter aligned with enterprise objectives
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Tools owned do not measure how reliably processes deliver outcomes.
Incorrect Answers
A:Late security reviews create costly exceptions after commitments are made. However, it does not make the decision needed for using capability maturity to guide governance decisions in this scenario.
B:A provider may run controls but does not remove board or business accountability. However, it does not make the decision needed for using capability maturity to guide governance decisions in this scenario.
D:Governance defines who makes security decisions and how those decisions support business value. However, it does not make the decision needed for using capability maturity to guide governance decisions in this scenario.
Question 82
A company wants to assess security maturity but compares only purchased technology counts across divisions. Which concrete action would best operationalize the needed approach?
- Translate appetite into measurable tolerances and escalation triggers for priority business services
- Set measurable maturity criteria and obtain evidence from representative divisions
- Compare investment options by risk reduction, total cost, dependencies, and measurable benefits
- Compare control intent, scope, assurance evidence, and unaddressed obligations
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Consistent criteria enable meaningful comparison.
Incorrect Answers
A:Operational thresholds make an abstract board position actionable. That could support establishing risk appetite as a governance boundary, but it does not implement the requested using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
C:A decision matrix makes tradeoffs explicit. That could support constructing an executive security business case, but it does not implement the requested using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
D:The mapping should expose real residual gaps. That could support governing equivalence of external control frameworks, but it does not implement the requested using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
Question 83
A company wants to assess security maturity but compares only purchased technology counts across divisions. Which evidence best demonstrates the intended business and security outcome?
- Check a representative critical business process against the proposed cloud architecture and defined RTO and RPO
- Compare a revised standard's sign-off trail with the authorized governance matrix
- Check whether the maturity score identifies an actionable governance weakness with a named improvement owner
- Verify the acceptance is signed by an authorized owner and reflects enterprise appetite
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:A score has value when it changes prioritization.
Incorrect Answers
A:Architecture assurance links platform choices to business recovery expectations. This provides evidence for integrating enterprise architecture into security strategy, not proof of using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
B:Traceability distinguishes approved guidance from informal edits. This provides evidence for preventing uncontrolled information security policy changes, not proof of using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
D:A budget shortfall alone is not approval of residual exposure. This provides evidence for separating security advice from business risk acceptance, not proof of using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
Question 84
A company wants to assess security maturity but compares only purchased technology counts across divisions. Which recurring management review most directly addresses future drift?
- Review source connectors and access mappings after organizational permission changes
- Review architectural assumptions after major provider or business-process changes
- Monitor remediation commitments and changes in assurance scope
- Repeat assessments after material changes and track capability outcomes, not just scores
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Maturity should reflect sustained performance.
Incorrect Answers
A:New integrations can silently broaden data exposure. It may help maintain governing enterprise AI access through information architecture, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
B:Target-state architecture must stay aligned with evolving enterprise dependencies. It may help maintain integrating enterprise architecture into security strategy, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
C:An old attestation may not describe the present environment. It may help maintain connecting control assurance to governance outcomes, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns using capability maturity to guide governance decisions.
Question 85
A regulator requires proof that the board oversees cyber risk rather than delegating all decisions to the CISO. Which decision should the information security manager prioritize?
- Establish a board-endorsed security governance charter aligned with enterprise objectives
- Establish documented board review and decisions on material cyber exposure and treatment priorities
- Present treatment options and obtain the decision from the accountable business risk owner
- Explain residual information risk and obtain enterprise-approved, risk-based priorities
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Board accountability must be evidenced in decisions, not just slide presentations.
Incorrect Answers
A:Governance defines who makes security decisions and how those decisions support business value. However, it does not make the decision needed for demonstrating board-level cyber oversight in this scenario.
C:Security leaders advise on exposure but cannot substitute for enterprise risk ownership. However, it does not make the decision needed for demonstrating board-level cyber oversight in this scenario.
D:Security manages risk rather than eliminating every possible event. However, it does not make the decision needed for demonstrating board-level cyber oversight in this scenario.
Question 86
A regulator requires proof that the board oversees cyber risk rather than delegating all decisions to the CISO. During implementation, which action most directly executes the necessary response?
- Define the prompt, output, training, and audit data lifecycles with accountable information owners
- Schedule material-risk reviews with decision records and accountable follow-up actions
- Implement version control, consultation, and authorization records for standards revisions
- Prepare a risk decision brief with residual exposure, business impact, alternatives, and authority
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Structured minutes and actions show active oversight.
Incorrect Answers
A:Lifecycle diagrams reveal hidden retention and reuse risks. That could support integrating information architecture and data lifecycle governance, but it does not implement the requested demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
C:An approval workflow prevents unreviewed changes becoming binding requirements. That could support preventing uncontrolled information security policy changes, but it does not implement the requested demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
D:Decision-makers need a defensible basis for accepting or treating risk. That could support separating security advice from business risk acceptance, but it does not implement the requested demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
Question 87
A regulator requires proof that the board oversees cyber risk rather than delegating all decisions to the CISO. What would provide the strongest practical verification of this requirement?
- Trace each significant proposed investment to a prioritized business capability or accepted risk gap
- Trace a breached risk tolerance to board awareness and a recorded direction to management
- Ask risk owners to explain the basis for acceptance of one residual exposure within approved tolerance
- Trace an encryption exception through operational recommendation and business risk approval
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Escalation evidence shows the governance framework functions.
Incorrect Answers
A:A traceability check separates strategy from a product wish list. This provides evidence for aligning security investment with strategic outcomes, not proof of demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
C:Ownership must be understood, not presumed. This provides evidence for setting realistic executive expectations on residual risk, not proof of demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
D:Separate records show that decisions were not silently delegated. This provides evidence for distinguishing control operation from risk ownership, not proof of demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
Question 88
A regulator requires proof that the board oversees cyber risk rather than delegating all decisions to the CISO. Which follow-up is most relevant as the environment changes?
- Track temporary trusts and privilege exceptions until decommissioned
- Monitor overdue executive actions and bring exceptions back to the oversight forum
- Monitor remediation commitments and changes in assurance scope
- Review temporary OT exceptions at planned safety and maintenance cycles
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Governance should follow through on decisions.
Incorrect Answers
A:Transitional integration bridges must not become permanent exposure. It may help maintain using enterprise architecture to resolve security integration risk, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
C:An old attestation may not describe the present environment. It may help maintain connecting control assurance to governance outcomes, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
D:Unreviewed exceptions can become permanent exposure. It may help maintain aligning OT architecture controls with safety governance, whereas the stated continuing risk concerns demonstrating board-level cyber oversight.
Question 89
A business-unit CIO insists security needs no role in the enterprise change portfolio. Which management decision most directly addresses the stated business need?
- Assess defined security governance and management capabilities against an agreed maturity model
- Tailor the chosen security governance framework to enterprise risk, regulation, and maturity
- Establish a board-endorsed security governance charter aligned with enterprise objectives
- Include security risk assessment and control obligations within enterprise investment governance
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Late security reviews create costly exceptions after commitments are made.
Incorrect Answers
A:Tools owned do not measure how reliably processes deliver outcomes. However, it does not make the decision needed for embedding security governance in investment decisions in this scenario.
B:Framework adoption is a means of governing risk, not an end in itself. However, it does not make the decision needed for embedding security governance in investment decisions in this scenario.
C:Governance defines who makes security decisions and how those decisions support business value. However, it does not make the decision needed for embedding security governance in investment decisions in this scenario.
Question 90
A business-unit CIO insists security needs no role in the enterprise change portfolio. Which implementation step best translates the requirement into an operating control?
- Assign obligation owners and map affected capabilities, data flows, and response procedures
- Define trust zones, identity federation decisions, privileged-account ownership, and migration stages
- Define measurement rules, reporting periods, assurance sources, and exceptions for each entity
- Introduce risk-based security checkpoints at business-case and design approval stages
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Early engagement links risk to business choices.
Incorrect Answers
A:Operational ownership connects law to controls. That could support incorporating new legal duties into security strategy, but it does not implement the requested embedding security governance in investment decisions.
B:Explicit interfaces reduce unmanaged access during consolidation. That could support using enterprise architecture to resolve security integration risk, but it does not implement the requested embedding security governance in investment decisions.
C:Standardized calculations reduce misleading comparisons. That could support establishing comparable group security reporting, but it does not implement the requested embedding security governance in investment decisions.
Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) Practice Tests