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Question 450
A VM currently uses Azure Disk Encryption in the guest. Operations proposes switching on Azure encryption at host to protect temporary disk caches without rebuilding the VM. What compatibility limitation must be considered?
- Both options are automatically combined without restrictions on every VM size
- Remove only the Azure Disk Encryption VM extension, leave the guest volumes encrypted, and immediately enable encryption at host
- Move the existing ADE-encrypted VM to a newer VM size and assume the historical ADE restriction disappears
- Encryption at host cannot be enabled on a VM that currently or previously used Azure Disk Encryption
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Microsoft documents a hard incompatibility: VMs that now use or have used ADE cannot enable encryption at host in place. A supported alternative VM or migration path needs separate planning.
Incorrect Answers
A:The two mechanisms are not universally composable. Ignoring their documented restriction can cause the requested configuration to be rejected.
B:Removing an extension without undoing the guest ADE configuration does not overcome the Azure encryption-at-host compatibility restriction for VMs that have used ADE.
C:Supported VM size is a separate prerequisite; it does not undo the documented incompatibility for a VM currently or previously configured with Azure Disk Encryption.
Question 451
An operator creates a disk encryption set and managed disks in East US. The customer-managed RSA key is held in a Key Vault in West US, and the disk encryption set identity already has valid cryptographic permissions. Creating CMK-encrypted disks fails. Which restriction explains the deployment failure?
- Turn on automatic key rotation for the West US Key Vault and retry without changing locations
- Move the West US Key Vault into the disk encryption set’s resource group without changing its region
- Place the customer-managed key in a supported Key Vault or managed HSM in the same Azure region as the managed disks and disk encryption set
- Grant the encryption-set identity another Key Vault crypto role while keeping the key in West US
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:For managed-disk customer-managed keys, the key store and the disks must be in the same Azure region. Key Vault can be in another subscription in supported cases, but valid identity permissions alone cannot overcome a cross-region encryption-key placement.
Incorrect Answers
A:Automatic key rotation manages transitions between encryption-key versions. It does not make a key held in another region a supported key source for this East US disk-encryption configuration.
B:Resource-group ownership is an organizational boundary, not a substitute for regional proximity. The deployment still references a key stored in West US and therefore continues to violate the same-region restriction.
D:Authorization is essential, so examining role assignments sounds plausible. The case already establishes valid cryptographic permissions, however; adding another role does not remove the separate requirement for regional key-store placement.
Question 452
A Windows VM has been configured with Azure Disk Encryption to encrypt guest volumes using BitLocker. An architect assumes this feature encrypts all data as it flows from the VM host to the Azure Storage service in the same way as Encryption at Host. How should these controls be distinguished?
- Treat Azure Disk Encryption as guest-volume encryption and evaluate Encryption at Host separately for supported host-path requirements
- Assume guest BitLocker configuration controls every Azure host temporary-disk encryption path
- Enable infrastructure encryption on a separate Azure Storage account and assume that configures Encryption at Host for the VM's managed disks
- Grant subscription Owner to the application service account to activate encryption at host
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:ADE operates inside the guest with BitLocker/DM-Crypt mechanisms, whereas encryption at host addresses data handled by the Azure host before storage-service encryption. Their supported configurations and compatibility limits differ.
Incorrect Answers
B:Guest disk encryption and host-path encryption are different layers. Encrypting a guest volume does not necessarily specify host handling of transient disk data.
C:Storage-account infrastructure encryption is a different storage service setting and does not toggle encryption of an Azure VM's host-side data path. Guest BitLocker-based Azure Disk Encryption and supported Encryption at Host must be evaluated as distinct controls.
D:RBAC Owner does not automatically switch on a VM encryption feature. Encryption settings require supported VM configuration and compatibility verification.
Question 453
A Linux VM uses Azure Disk Encryption with dm-crypt for its guest data volumes. An engineer wants to troubleshoot encryption status from the guest and instead looks only at the Azure Storage account's server-side encryption setting. What is missing in their inspection?
- Inspect only the Key Vault secret associated with the VM's disk-encryption setup, without examining which Linux data volumes are actually mapped through dm-crypt
- Inspect the guest's supported dm-crypt/ADE state and encryption extension status as well as platform settings
- Treat Azure Storage SSE enabled as proof that dm-crypt is running in the VM
- Check only the Linux disk sizes reported by lsblk and infer that matching expected sizes proves the active device-mapper encryption mapping
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Server-side storage encryption protects managed storage at rest but does not prove that a particular Linux guest filesystem is encrypted by dm-crypt. The guest encryption state has separate configuration and telemetry.
Incorrect Answers
A:A Key Vault secret or encryption key records available key material, not proof that the intended Linux guest volumes are currently protected by dm-crypt. Confirm the live mapper and ADE extension state inside the guest.
C:A platform encryption flag does not describe guest filesystem mapping. The VM may have no ADE configuration while its managed disks remain encrypted at rest.
D:Disk capacities and names do not by themselves establish active dm-crypt mappings. Check the device-mapper encryption type and actual cryptsetup state together with Azure Disk Encryption extension health; size consistency alone is not evidence of encryption.
Question 454
An Azure managed disk uses customer-managed encryption through Disk Encryption Set A. A team creates incremental snapshots from that disk but proposes assigning the snapshots to a different Disk Encryption Set B, although both sets refer to keys in the same region. Which encryption-set constraint must the team respect for the disk and its associated incremental snapshots?
- Use a separate disk encryption set per incremental snapshot to keep each changed-block copy independently encrypted
- Use the same disk encryption set for the disk and its associated incremental snapshots
- Place both disk encryption sets in the same Azure region and then freely mix their resource IDs within one snapshot lineage
- Point both encryption sets at the same Key Vault key and assume their separate disk encryption set resource IDs are interchangeable for the lineage
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Azure managed-disk customer-managed encryption has a specific consistency requirement: a managed disk and its associated incremental snapshots must reference the same disk encryption set. A second set in the same region or using the same key is still a different DES resource. Keep the disk and its incremental snapshot lineage under the common set to satisfy that constraint.
Incorrect Answers
A:Incremental snapshots store changed disk blocks, but the encryption-set constraint still binds each snapshot to its associated disk. Giving successive incremental copies different disk encryption set identities is not the supported way to manage encryption in that lineage. Use the same encryption set for the disk and the associated incremental snapshots while controlling key versions through supported key-management behavior.
C:The disk and key store region restriction is necessary for CMK support, but geographic proximity alone does not make two distinct disk encryption sets interchangeable. Incremental snapshots associated with a disk are required to share its DES. Simply creating the other set in the same region does not satisfy the identity-level consistency rule.
D:A disk encryption set is an Azure resource with its own identity and key-reference management. Even if two sets refer to the same Key Vault key, they are distinct DES resources. A disk and associated incremental snapshots require the same DES, not merely a matching vault key, so this proposal still violates the supported relationship.
Question 455
A VM uses Azure managed disks protected with customer-managed keys through a disk encryption set. Key Vault has rotated the existing RSA key to a newer version. Security requires all disks referencing that set to adopt the latest version automatically while the VM continues serving requests. Which configuration implements the required key-version lifecycle?
- Turn on automatic rotation to the latest key version for the disk encryption set
- Rebuild every VM from an OS gallery image after each Key Vault key-version update
- Enable VM guest automatic patching, because it automatically updates disk encryption set key references
- Update the disk encryption set to a specific newly issued Key Vault key version once and assume it will follow all future versions automatically
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The disk encryption set can be configured to automatically rotate to the latest version of its referenced customer-managed Key Vault key. Microsoft documents that managed disks, snapshots and images using the set are updated within approximately one hour, and the VM does not need a reboot. The feature follows key versions, not arbitrary guest configuration.
Incorrect Answers
B:Rebuilding a VM unnecessarily affects uptime and cannot itself configure a disk encryption set to follow successive Key Vault versions. Key rotation is handled in Azure managed disk encryption infrastructure, not by recreating VM operating systems for each new key version.
C:Guest automatic patching schedules supported operating system updates. It does not manage the disk encryption set activeKey reference or subscribe that set to new Key Vault key versions. The required automation is an encryption-set property, not a VM patch classification.
D:Manually pointing a disk encryption set at the latest version updates the current reference, but does not ensure future versions are adopted automatically. Configure automatic rotation to latest key version on the disk encryption set for the required continuing lifecycle, subject to supported Key Vault and disk settings.
Question 456
An operator attempts to enable encryption at host on an existing Azure VM. The chosen VM size is unsupported in that region, even though the attached managed disks have server-side encryption enabled. What prerequisite must be resolved?
- Choose an encryption-at-host-supported VM size in the region and follow the applicable VM reconfiguration procedure
- Move the managed disks to a disk encryption set with customer-managed keys and retry Encryption at Host on the same unsupported VM size
- Enable Azure Disk Encryption in the guest to unlock the incompatible host-encryption size
- Change only the disk encryption set and key version and assume the VM host now supports encryption at host
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Managed-disk server-side encryption does not imply that the compute host can encrypt temporary data paths. Encryption at host depends on compatible VM hardware sizes and regional support, so the deployment must meet those prerequisites first.
Incorrect Answers
B:A disk encryption set changes the key-management model for supported server-side disk encryption. It does not make an unsupported compute SKU/region eligible for Encryption at Host. Choose a supported VM size and the correct reconfiguration flow.
C:Guest Azure Disk Encryption is a different encryption mechanism and can be incompatible with encryption at host. It cannot make an unsupported VM size suddenly support the host feature.
D:Disk encryption sets control at-rest key usage; they cannot add hardware or SKU support for the host-encryption feature. Choose a regionally supported VM size and follow the required VM reconfiguration procedure.
Question 457
A VM scale set was created before host encryption was enabled in its model. Security updates the scale-set configuration to enable encryption at host, yet existing instances still use their prior configuration. What is the documented follow-up for those existing VMs?
- Change the VMSS application health-probe interval so the platform treats every VM as new
- Plan supported deallocation and reallocation for the existing scale-set VMs after enabling the feature
- Rotate the scale set's administrator password and restart the application processes only
- Create a disk encryption set but leave the scale-set model and existing instances unchanged
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Updating a scale-set model does not automatically encrypt the data paths of already running instances. Existing VMs must be deallocated and reallocated for encryption at host to apply, whereas new VMs follow the updated configuration.
Incorrect Answers
A:Health probes influence load balancing and instance repair decisions, not the encryption state of an existing host. Changing a probe does not carry out the required deallocation and reallocation.
C:Guest credentials and application processes are unrelated to host encryption being applied at the Azure infrastructure layer. Password rotation does not force existing hosts to adopt the encryption setting.
D:A disk encryption set manages customer keys for managed disks, not the host-encryption rollout to already-running instances. The original host path would still use its previous setting.
Question 458
A running Azure virtual machine cannot be resized to the required larger SKU because that size is unavailable on its current hardware cluster, although it is supported in the region. The application owner approves a maintenance outage. Which operation usually enables the resize?
- Stop and deallocate the VM before selecting the supported target size and starting it
- Change the disk access tier from Hot to Cool and retry the same resize
- Increase the subnet prefix length so the VM can use additional memory
- Assign a subscription Reader role to the VM administrator and skip capacity checks
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Deallocation releases the current host allocation, allowing Azure to place the resized VM on a different compatible cluster when capacity permits. It is disruptive and can affect temporary storage and dynamic IPs.
Incorrect Answers
B:Blob tier settings control object-storage access and cost, not availability of CPU and memory configurations on a VM host cluster.
C:Network address planning does not alter the underlying hardware SKUs available for a VM resize.
D:Reader is read-only Azure RBAC and does not grant resizing rights or resolve a target SKU unavailable on the current cluster.
Question 459
A VM is being resized from a 2-vCPU SKU to a larger SKU while it remains powered on. The application can tolerate a brief outage but the operator assumes a live resize never interrupts processes. What operational consequence must the maintenance plan account for?
- Changing a running Azure VM size causes a restart, even when no prior deallocation is needed
- Any VM resize always preserves all temporary disk contents without exception
- Use a command-line VM size update instead of the portal and assume that bypasses the running-VM restart
- A larger VM SKU can be selected only after deleting all managed data disks
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Azure VM resize is a disruptive operation. Even a resize available on the current hardware cluster restarts the running VM, so the application needs a planned interruption.
Incorrect Answers
B:Temporary storage is not durable and may be affected by host placement or deallocation. It must not be relied on as surviving every resize.
C:Selecting a different management interface does not make the Azure compute resize a live in-process change. Supported Azure VM size changes interrupt a running VM and restart the operating system. Plan the application outage even if a prior deallocation is unnecessary.
D:Attached managed data disks normally remain with a supported resized VM; deleting them would risk data loss and is not a generic prerequisite.
Question 460
A production VM must relocate from one Azure region to another, with application cutover planning and dependencies. A teammate proposes changing only its resource group to another group whose metadata location is in the destination region. What should the team recognize?
- Move the VM, NIC, and disks into a resource group whose metadata location is the destination region, without a workload migration.
- Change the existing VM's location property in an ARM incremental deployment without moving its disks or network dependencies.
- Use Azure Resource Mover only to relocate the resource group's metadata, leaving the VM and its dependencies in place.
- Moving a VM between resource groups does not move its region; use a supported cross-region migration process
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:ARM resource-group moves change management scope, not the VM’s physical region. A regional relocation requires supported migration or replication and cutover planning.
Incorrect Answers
A:Moving resources between resource groups changes their management container but not the VM or managed disk deployment region. The workload still runs in the original region; a supported regional migration and dependent-resource cutover are necessary.
B:A VM's deployed region is not a mutable setting that can be reassigned in place by an incremental template update. Regional relocation must account for actual compute, disk and network resources and application cutover.
C:Resource Mover can help orchestrate supported resource moves between regions, but a metadata-only move cannot relocate the VM. The plan must migrate the supported VM and associated dependencies, then validate and cut over the application.
Microsoft Azure Administrator (AZ-104) Practice Tests