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Question 120
A port used only for workstations undergoes lengthy spanning-tree transitions whenever a client reconnects. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use BPDU Guard on approved edge ports and root-protection policy where appropriate for uplinks.
- Trust only legitimate DHCP server/uplink paths and keep edge client ports untrusted.
- Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
- Calculate worst-case powered-device class demand, switch power supply budget, and redundancy headroom.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when client ports forward promptly while bridged uplinks still receive normal loop protection.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: An attacker plugs an unmanaged switch into a lobby edge port and advertises superior STP BPDUs, changing the root topology. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A routed campus uses DHCP snooping on access switches but marks every endpoint port trusted for convenience. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: IP phones and cameras are scheduled for a new closet, but PoE budget is calculated only from the switch's total port count. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
Question 121
The RPF interface changes after a unicast route failover, but the multicast router retains stale upstream join state. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Align SSM membership to include the desired (S,G) source/group relationship.
- Establish supported PIM routing with unicast RPF reachability and correct receiver membership signaling.
- Validate reconvergence of multicast RPF and join/prune state after unicast routing changes.
- Verify correct Reverse Path Forwarding behavior and IGP unicast route alignment for multicast sources.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when multicast forwarding resumes on the newly valid upstream with no persistent duplicates.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A new multicast source uses group 232.1.1.1 but the client sends only (*,G) membership instead of a source-specific join. The relevant control here is: Validate reconvergence of multicast RPF and join/prune state after unicast routing changes.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A source sends multicast through one router but users join from another site and no multicast routing is configured between them. The relevant control here is: Validate reconvergence of multicast RPF and join/prune state after unicast routing changes.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A multicast source is reachable through an interface other than the one receiving the packet, but the router still forwards it to all receivers. The relevant control here is: Validate reconvergence of multicast RPF and join/prune state after unicast routing changes.
Question 122
A company accepts routes from a newly merged BGP AS without maximum-prefix limits, and the peer mistakenly sends hundreds of thousands of prefixes. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Plan the EIGRP successor and feasible-successor relationship using composite metric and feasibility checks.
- Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
- Activate and filter the correct IPv6 unicast MP-BGP address family on the intended peers.
- Apply route filtering and appropriate max-prefix safeguards proportional to approved expected routes.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when the peer can exchange authorized reachability without exhausting edge memory during an erroneous advertisement surge.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A router receives two EIGRP routes for a prefix with different metrics and the design team wants deterministic failover. The relevant control here is: Apply route filtering and appropriate max-prefix safeguards proportional to approved expected routes.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A company wants most return traffic for its public prefix to enter ISP B rather than ISP A. The relevant control here is: Apply route filtering and appropriate max-prefix safeguards proportional to approved expected routes.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A dual-stack enterprise BGP peer exchanges IPv4 NLRI but no IPv6 routes despite IPv6 addressing on the transport. The relevant control here is: Apply route filtering and appropriate max-prefix safeguards proportional to approved expected routes.
Question 123
A voice application has a 120-ms latency budget, but SD-WAN traffic follows the cheapest internet path despite BFD reporting 220-ms delay. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Define SLA-aware application routing with measured loss, latency and jitter and intended tunnel fallback policy.
- Select supported WAN edge platforms and onboard them with correctly separated transport and service VPNs.
- Choose a supported IPsec design with appropriate IKE authentication, encryption proposals and key rotation.
- Plan underlay/overlay MTU and MSS handling for encapsulation overhead across the WAN path.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The design is validated when voice traffic uses an eligible lower-latency transport while other applications retain their separate routing requirements.
Incorrect Answers
B:That option concerns a separate design case: Branches will be migrated from static internet VPNs to SD-WAN customer edges but the design omits transport isolation and overlay security. The relevant control here is: Define SLA-aware application routing with measured loss, latency and jitter and intended tunnel fallback policy.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A site-to-site tunnel must protect financial payload confidentiality and integrity across the public internet. The relevant control here is: Define SLA-aware application routing with measured loss, latency and jitter and intended tunnel fallback policy.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A branch uses IPsec overlay on broadband with 1400-byte effective MTU, but an application sends 1500-byte DF-set packets and stalls. The relevant control here is: Define SLA-aware application routing with measured loss, latency and jitter and intended tunnel fallback policy.
Question 124
A telemetry receiver supports gRPC but cannot decode the device's gNMI JSON_IETF path data and classifies every update as malformed. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Align gNMI encoding and model path interpretation with supported YANG JSON_IETF semantics.
- Distinguish IETF standards-track models from OpenConfig community models and vendor-native schema ownership.
- Select subscription modes according to the actual leaf and device support, using periodic for counters when necessary.
- Increase the periodic interval and narrow the subscribed paths to the needed capacity metrics.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The design is validated when subscription updates decode into typed intended metrics and preserve their source paths.
Incorrect Answers
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A standards group needs an interoperable interface model but mistakenly calls every IETF YANG module an OpenConfig model. The relevant control here is: Align gNMI encoding and model path interpretation with supported YANG JSON_IETF semantics.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A routing telemetry client assumes every operational counter supports on-change updates and receives no updates on one platform. The relevant control here is: Align gNMI encoding and model path interpretation with supported YANG JSON_IETF semantics.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A global WAN telemetry system publishes a complete 10,000-interface snapshot every 100 ms although the target is only five-minute capacity planning. The relevant control here is: Align gNMI encoding and model path interpretation with supported YANG JSON_IETF semantics.
Question 125
A campus topology places critical services behind one regional core switch despite redundant uplinks elsewhere. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Apply route filtering at intercampus boundaries to accept only explicitly authorized prefixes.
- Choose a validated loop-free logical bundle or routed-access topology if active-active use is required.
- Use a supported multi-chassis EtherChannel or routed-access design to make redundancy active without a spanning-tree loop.
- Separate service attachment across independent core fault domains and validate downstream convergence.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when a core-device failure leaves required services available through the alternate attachment.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A regional core accepts all branch routes and one lab site leaks its test 0.0.0.0/0 default into the global table. The relevant control here is: Separate service attachment across independent core fault domains and validate downstream convergence.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: Multiple access switches connect to one distribution block through independent Layer 2 uplinks with a blocked redundant path. The relevant control here is: Separate service attachment across independent core fault domains and validate downstream convergence.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A campus design requires both distribution uplinks active but the chosen topology uses classic STP on all Layer 2 connections. The relevant control here is: Separate service attachment across independent core fault domains and validate downstream convergence.
Question 126
A campus plans IPv6 addressing with one /64 shared between two routed VLAN interfaces in different buildings. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use a legitimately allocated private or global prefix at the remote site and reserve IPv4 link-local for local-only communication.
- Assign distinct /64 prefixes per routed IPv6 segment from a hierarchical site allocation.
- Activate and filter the correct IPv6 unicast MP-BGP address family on the intended peers.
- Apply compatible supported OSPF authentication with coordinated keys and rollover on both ends.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The design is validated when neighbor discovery and SLAAC operate independently on both VLANs with no on-link ambiguity.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A remote office assigns clients addresses from 169.254.0.0/16 and expects them to be reachable through a routed WAN. The relevant control here is: Assign distinct /64 prefixes per routed IPv6 segment from a hierarchical site allocation.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A dual-stack enterprise BGP peer exchanges IPv4 NLRI but no IPv6 routes despite IPv6 addressing on the transport. The relevant control here is: Assign distinct /64 prefixes per routed IPv6 segment from a hierarchical site allocation.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A security design requires authenticating OSPF control packets on shared routed links, but only one neighbor has authentication enabled. The relevant control here is: Assign distinct /64 prefixes per routed IPv6 segment from a hierarchical site allocation.
Question 127
Two access switches uplink to a distribution pair; the architecture stretches one port channel across chassis without verifying multi-chassis support. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Trust only legitimate DHCP server/uplink paths and keep edge client ports untrusted.
- Evaluate physical fault domains and provide independent power, links, and control-plane recovery within the chosen abstraction.
- Use a validated stack/virtual chassis/MEC design or independent routed uplinks according to supported platform capabilities.
- Align advertised costs and path policy with available bandwidth and acceptable backup behavior.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when both access links forward as designed and a chassis failure retains authorized connectivity.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A routed campus uses DHCP snooping on access switches but marks every endpoint port trusted for convenience. The relevant control here is: Use a validated stack/virtual chassis/MEC design or independent routed uplinks according to supported platform capabilities.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A virtualized distribution pair uses one logical control plane and engineers assume it offers separate failure domains like two chassis in different buildings. The relevant control here is: Use a validated stack/virtual chassis/MEC design or independent routed uplinks according to supported platform capabilities.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A distribution pair advertises the same summary at two locations, but one has a 100-Mbps backhaul and receives half of campus traffic. The relevant control here is: Use a validated stack/virtual chassis/MEC design or independent routed uplinks according to supported platform capabilities.
Question 128
A source sends multicast through one router but users join from another site and no multicast routing is configured between them. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Align SSM membership to include the desired (S,G) source/group relationship.
- Verify correct Reverse Path Forwarding behavior and IGP unicast route alignment for multicast sources.
- Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design.
- Establish supported PIM routing with unicast RPF reachability and correct receiver membership signaling.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when intended receivers across the routed boundary receive the source stream.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A new multicast source uses group 232.1.1.1 but the client sends only (*,G) membership instead of a source-specific join. The relevant control here is: Establish supported PIM routing with unicast RPF reachability and correct receiver membership signaling.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A multicast source is reachable through an interface other than the one receiving the packet, but the router still forwards it to all receivers. The relevant control here is: Establish supported PIM routing with unicast RPF reachability and correct receiver membership signaling.
C:This offered choice, “Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design”, addresses a separate concern. That option relates to this separate design case: A regional WAN prioritizes voice using a DiffServ marking but provides no scheduler preference on its congested egress link. It does not answer the current requirement.
Question 129
A single-homed retail branch can tolerate a four-hour outage but the proposal adds expensive dual-carrier fiber without a business case. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Match WAN redundancy and repair targets to measured business availability needs and budget.
- Introduce deliberate recovery policy or dampening to prevent repeated unstable failback.
- Select an appropriate private APN, outbound-initiated overlay, or routable-address service depending on carrier capabilities.
- Require physical route and carrier diversity, including demarcation and access-path audits.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The design is validated when the chosen design meets the approved recovery target at a justified life-cycle cost.
Incorrect Answers
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A dual-carrier WAN design changes to backup but automatically switches back on every momentary primary heartbeat recovery. The relevant control here is: Match WAN redundancy and repair targets to measured business availability needs and budget.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: An industrial site uses 4G LTE as primary WAN, and its routing team assumes public inbound addresses remain reachable through carrier-grade NAT. The relevant control here is: Match WAN redundancy and repair targets to measured business availability needs and budget.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A bank contracts two MPLS providers but both fiber tails enter the building through the same conduit. The relevant control here is: Match WAN redundancy and repair targets to measured business availability needs and budget.
Question 130
An IPv6 deployment uses static gateways rather than a dynamic protocol across several redundant campus links. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Subdivide the /48 hierarchically by branch and VLAN, with unique /64s and aggregate boundaries that fit the delegation.
- Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
- Advertise only summaries that fully cover owned reachable allocations; retain required exceptions or more-specifics at redistribution boundaries.
- Select a scalable IPv6-capable routing design with convergence and security matched to the enterprise topology.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when iPv6 next-hop changes recover after a tested uplink failure without manual reconfiguration.
Incorrect Answers
A:This alternative is aimed at a different design constraint: A provider delegation contains 2001:db8:4200::/48 and the design requires 256 independent /64 LANs across 16 branches. The relevant control for this case is: Select a scalable IPv6-capable routing design with convergence and security matched to the enterprise topology.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A company wants most return traffic for its public prefix to enter ISP B rather than ISP A. The relevant control here is: Select a scalable IPv6-capable routing design with convergence and security matched to the enterprise topology.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: An enterprise uses hundreds of IPv4 /24s and proposes a single /16 summary although several component /24s are outside its administrative control. The relevant control here is: Select a scalable IPv6-capable routing design with convergence and security matched to the enterprise topology.
Designing Cisco Enterprise Networks (ENSLD) (300-420) Practice Tests