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Question 110
A campus design requires both distribution uplinks active but the chosen topology uses classic STP on all Layer 2 connections. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Design separate VRFs and policy boundaries aligned to each tenant's compliance constraints.
- Use a supported multi-chassis EtherChannel or routed-access design to make redundancy active without a spanning-tree loop.
- Intentionally distribute primary FHRP roles across VLAN groups while preserving corresponding upstream capacity and failover policy.
- Choose a supported redundant supervisor or logical chassis abstraction with explicitly documented switchover behavior.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The design is validated when both paths carry approved traffic and a member failure has no broad STP reconvergence.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A public safety campus requires independent operations from a corporate tenant even when both use the same distribution hardware. The relevant control here is: Use a supported multi-chassis EtherChannel or routed-access design to make redundancy active without a spanning-tree loop.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A campus with several hundred VLANs uses one active HSRP gateway for all VLANs while another distribution router remains mostly idle. The relevant control here is: Use a supported multi-chassis EtherChannel or routed-access design to make redundancy active without a spanning-tree loop.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A remote campus uses two distribution switches and requires nonstop gateway access during a planned supervisor replacement. The relevant control here is: Use a supported multi-chassis EtherChannel or routed-access design to make redundancy active without a spanning-tree loop.
Question 111
A company wants most return traffic for its public prefix to enter ISP B rather than ISP A. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Design an explicit IPv4/IPv6 translation or application-layer gateway at the interconnection boundary.
- Plan the EIGRP successor and feasible-successor relationship using composite metric and feasibility checks.
- Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
- Apply route filtering and appropriate max-prefix safeguards proportional to approved expected routes.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when observed inbound paths trend toward ISP B from representative external monitors without assuming universal control.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A company wants to expose IPv6 resources to a partner with IPv4-only routing and assumes dual stack at headquarters solves the partner boundary. The relevant control here is: Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A router receives two EIGRP routes for a prefix with different metrics and the design team wants deterministic failover. The relevant control here is: Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A company accepts routes from a newly merged BGP AS without maximum-prefix limits, and the peer mistakenly sends hundreds of thousands of prefixes. The relevant control here is: Assess supported inbound traffic engineering such as scoped AS-path prepending or provider communities, recognizing remote-AS policy discretion.
Question 112
Two DMVPN spokes can reach the hub but never build a direct shortcut after new spoke routes are learned. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Apply topology or centralized control policy at the appropriate site/VPN scope.
- Evaluate GET VPN where supported for group encryption over a trusted routable provider network.
- Separate service VPNs/segments and apply centralized policy matching approved guest and corporate destinations.
- Align DMVPN phase/design, NHRP mappings and redirect/shortcut behavior with the intended topology.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when traffic flows through the permitted direct spoke tunnel where expected while hub fallback still works.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A network wants a hub-and-spoke topology for finance traffic but allows any-to-any policy for all service VPNs. The relevant control here is: Align DMVPN phase/design, NHRP mappings and redirect/shortcut behavior with the intended topology.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: An organization needs any-to-any group-encrypted private WAN traffic but the new design proposes a traditional hub-and-spoke IPsec overlay with hub hairpins. The relevant control here is: Align DMVPN phase/design, NHRP mappings and redirect/shortcut behavior with the intended topology.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: An SD-WAN fabric routes guest traffic into the production VPN because a new edge reused the corporate service VPN identifier. The relevant control here is: Align DMVPN phase/design, NHRP mappings and redirect/shortcut behavior with the intended topology.
Question 113
An NOC polls every router with SNMP once every ten minutes and misses 30-second interface utilization spikes. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use supported on-change telemetry for the interface state leaf where device and model support it.
- Increase the periodic interval and narrow the subscribed paths to the needed capacity metrics.
- Use appropriately sampled or on-change model-driven telemetry for the monitored signals, with a scalable receiver architecture.
- Prefer a supported OpenConfig model for common telemetry and document device-specific augmentations where unavoidable.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when collector time series captures the brief spikes with timestamped relevant YANG measurements.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: An alerting system needs immediate notice of interface administrative status changes but only polls every five minutes. The relevant control here is: Use appropriately sampled or on-change model-driven telemetry for the monitored signals, with a scalable receiver architecture.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A global WAN telemetry system publishes a complete 10,000-interface snapshot every 100 ms although the target is only five-minute capacity planning. The relevant control here is: Use appropriately sampled or on-change model-driven telemetry for the monitored signals, with a scalable receiver architecture.
D:This offered choice, “Prefer a supported OpenConfig model for common telemetry and document device-specific augmentations where unavoidable”, addresses a separate concern. That option relates to this separate design case: A multivendor enterprise wants one consistent YANG representation for interface operational counters but each platform exposes vendor-specific native trees. It does not answer the current requirement.
Question 114
A campus QoS policy gives low priority to routing keepalives and network monitoring, and routing adjacencies flap during congestion. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Allocate queue scheduling according to measured application criticality and minimum bandwidth needs.
- Protect essential routing/control traffic within bounded QoS classes at actual bottlenecks.
- Extend consistent class scheduling to each actual bottleneck along the end-to-end path.
- Use validated application classification or more precise traffic identity instead of assuming TCP port 443 defines one service.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The design is validated when control-plane adjacencies and monitoring remain stable during representative congestion.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A branch policy gives every queue an equal share although its database synchronization is delaying emergency call signaling. The relevant control here is: Protect essential routing/control traffic within bounded QoS classes at actual bottlenecks.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A campus designs priority queues only on the access switch but ignores a congested upstream WAN edge. The relevant control here is: Protect essential routing/control traffic within bounded QoS classes at actual bottlenecks.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A branch QoS policy matches all TCP 443 traffic as video, including large software downloads. The relevant control here is: Protect essential routing/control traffic within bounded QoS classes at actual bottlenecks.
Question 115
A fabric site needs a guest wireless SSID without extending the guest Layer 2 domain across the whole enterprise. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Design supported fabric wireless segmentation with dedicated VNs/SGTs and appropriate wireless control integration.
- Evaluate a supported SDA transit that preserves virtual network and SGT policy semantics between sites.
- Evaluate an appropriate VLAN access map or supported intra-segment security mechanism.
- Specify access switch PoE capabilities and power budget that support the APs' required negotiated power levels.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The design is validated when guest clients roam as designed and cannot access restricted enterprise segments.
Incorrect Answers
B:That option concerns a separate design case: An organization needs consistent segmentation across two SD-Access fabric sites connected by a routed MPLS service. The relevant control here is: Design supported fabric wireless segmentation with dedicated VNs/SGTs and appropriate wireless control integration.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A sensitive engineering VLAN needs to deny lateral guest traffic within one switched segment; existing router ACLs do not inspect intra-VLAN frames. The relevant control here is: Design supported fabric wireless segmentation with dedicated VNs/SGTs and appropriate wireless control integration.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A wireless access-point refresh increases PoE needs above the available 802.3at class on older switches. The relevant control here is: Design supported fabric wireless segmentation with dedicated VNs/SGTs and appropriate wireless control integration.
Question 116
A network with 80 iBGP routers becomes difficult to operate because every router forms a full mesh of peer sessions. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Evaluate an appropriately designed BGP confederation with documented member-AS and external peer behavior.
- Design redundant BGP route reflectors with consistent cluster IDs and reflector-client relationships.
- Filter inbound BGP announcements using an explicit default-only prefix policy and appropriate session safeguards.
- Configure an appropriate EIGRP stub design on the branch while allowing its locally connected routes to reach the hubs.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The design is validated when route reflector clients learn authorized prefixes without maintaining a full mesh of all client sessions.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A merger requires two administrative BGP regions to appear as one external AS while reducing iBGP mesh size internally. The relevant control here is: Design redundant BGP route reflectors with consistent cluster IDs and reflector-client relationships.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: An edge router receives a full BGP table where the security policy allows only the provider's approved default. The relevant control here is: Design redundant BGP route reflectors with consistent cluster IDs and reflector-client relationships.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A branch EIGRP router advertises remote routes back into its hub and occasionally becomes a transit path between hubs. The relevant control here is: Design redundant BGP route reflectors with consistent cluster IDs and reflector-client relationships.
Question 117
A retail design directs all cloud SaaS traffic through headquarters even though local internet breakout is allowed and latency is poor. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use the SD-WAN control-plane and key distribution capabilities appropriate to the supported solution.
- Evaluate policy-controlled local internet breakout with appropriate security inspection and application path measurement.
- Choose a supported IPsec design with appropriate IKE authentication, encryption proposals and key rotation.
- Evaluate a Metro Ethernet service with committed bandwidth, fault demarcation and suitable Ethernet handoff.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The design is validated when approved SaaS sessions use the closer permitted breakout and remain governed by the security policy.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A network team manually builds static IPsec tunnels between every SD-WAN edge even though centralized overlay policy is available. The relevant control here is: Evaluate policy-controlled local internet breakout with appropriate security inspection and application path measurement.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A site-to-site tunnel must protect financial payload confidentiality and integrity across the public internet. The relevant control here is: Evaluate policy-controlled local internet breakout with appropriate security inspection and application path measurement.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: A city campus needs a 10-Gbps local metro interconnect with SLA and carrier demarcation, but the proposed design assumes standard broadband internet guarantees. The relevant control here is: Evaluate policy-controlled local internet breakout with appropriate security inspection and application path measurement.
Question 118
A regional WAN prioritizes voice using a DiffServ marking but provides no scheduler preference on its congested egress link. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Extend consistent class scheduling to each actual bottleneck along the end-to-end path.
- Create feasible bandwidth allocations and an explicit priority bandwidth budget that sums within supported scheduler constraints.
- Use link-aware QoS policy to update shaping and class allocations for the reduced-capacity backup transport.
- Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when voice latency and packet loss stay within the approved limit during controlled WAN congestion.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A campus designs priority queues only on the access switch but ignores a congested upstream WAN edge. The relevant control here is: Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A switch QoS scheduler guarantees 30% to backup traffic and 80% to voice under full congestion, exceeding possible link capacity. The relevant control here is: Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A 20-Mbps backup link replaces a 200-Mbps primary WAN but the shaper keeps its 200-Mbps limit after failover. The relevant control here is: Combine trusted traffic classification and marking with a suitable egress priority queue and bandwidth admission design.
Question 119
The IS-IS backbone has a router in overload state after reboot and operators mistake it for an ordinary forwarding transit. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use local preference or another AS-wide BGP policy rather than relying on locally significant weight.
- Introduce an independently reachable redundant aggregation path with planned metrics and bounded query behavior.
- Configure an appropriate EIGRP stub design on the branch while allowing its locally connected routes to reach the hubs.
- Honor the IS-IS overload-bit signaling and restore normal transit eligibility only when routing readiness is confirmed.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The design is validated when other routers avoid using the overloaded node as unintended transit until it is ready.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: A BGP operator attempts to influence routes within one AS by changing the weight attribute only on one edge router. The relevant control here is: Honor the IS-IS overload-bit signaling and restore normal transit eligibility only when routing readiness is confirmed.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: An EIGRP deployment relies on a single aggregation router and an outage cuts off all downstream branches. The relevant control here is: Honor the IS-IS overload-bit signaling and restore normal transit eligibility only when routing readiness is confirmed.
C:That option concerns a separate design case: A branch EIGRP router advertises remote routes back into its hub and occasionally becomes a transit path between hubs. The relevant control here is: Honor the IS-IS overload-bit signaling and restore normal transit eligibility only when routing readiness is confirmed.
Question 120
A port used only for workstations undergoes lengthy spanning-tree transitions whenever a client reconnects. Which design change most directly addresses the stated requirement?
- Use BPDU Guard on approved edge ports and root-protection policy where appropriate for uplinks.
- Trust only legitimate DHCP server/uplink paths and keep edge client ports untrusted.
- Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
- Calculate worst-case powered-device class demand, switch power supply budget, and redundancy headroom.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The design is validated when client ports forward promptly while bridged uplinks still receive normal loop protection.
Incorrect Answers
A:That option concerns a separate design case: An attacker plugs an unmanaged switch into a lobby edge port and advertises superior STP BPDUs, changing the root topology. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
B:That option concerns a separate design case: A routed campus uses DHCP snooping on access switches but marks every endpoint port trusted for convenience. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
D:That option concerns a separate design case: IP phones and cameras are scheduled for a new closet, but PoE budget is calculated only from the switch's total port count. The relevant control here is: Apply a supported edge/PortFast designation only to validated endpoint-facing interfaces.
Designing Cisco Enterprise Networks (ENSLD) (300-420) Practice Tests