Cisco CCNA 200-301 Rapid PVST+ and Spanning Tree Practice Test

Topic 16 focuses on Rapid PVST+ and Spanning Tree for the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification and the 200-301 exam, using Cisco networking and Cisco IOS concepts where relevant. For broader exam preparation, review the Cisco CCNA 200-301 Exam Dumps page. Each question includes a concise explanation of the correct answer and the technical reason the other choices are incorrect.

Question 1

What is the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID?

1. Forwarding state
2. Port cost
3. Bridge ID
4. Root bridge

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 2

Which non-root switch port provides the best path toward the root bridge?

1. Root port
2. Root election tie-breaker
3. Root Guard
4. Alternate port

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because the selected answer describes the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root election tie-breaker” option describes a different concept: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Alternate port” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

 

Question 3

Which forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from segment toward the root?

1. PortFast
2. Port cost
3. Alternate port
4. Designated port

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “PortFast” option describes a different concept: a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Alternate port” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

 

Question 4

Which Rapid STP port provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role?

1. Loop Guard
2. RSTP proposal and agreement
3. Designated port
4. Alternate port

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Answer B is incorrect because the “RSTP proposal and agreement” option describes a different concept: Rapid STP can use proposal and agreement handshakes on point-to-point links to accelerate convergence while preserving a loop-free topology.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

 

Question 5

What is the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses?

1. Port cost
2. Root bridge
3. Forwarding state
4. Root election tie-breaker

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root election tie-breaker” option describes a different concept: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

 

Question 6

What is a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops?

1. Discarding state
2. Extended system ID
3. Port cost
4. BPDU Guard

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because the selected answer describes a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Extended system ID” option describes a different concept: Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “BPDU Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

 

Question 7

Which feature allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up?

1. BPDU Guard
2. PortFast
3. Forwarding state
4. Designated port

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the selected answer describes a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “BPDU Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

 

Question 8

Which protection feature can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received?

1. Discarding state
2. Root port
3. BPDU Guard
4. Loop Guard

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Discarding state” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

 

Question 9

Which protection feature prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change?

1. Root Guard
2. Root port
3. BPDU
4. Loop Guard

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because the selected answer describes a protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer C is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

 

Question 10

Which protection feature helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving?

1. Edge port
2. PortFast
3. Loop Guard
4. BPDU

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Edge port” option describes a different concept: an RSTP edge port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and can transition rapidly to forwarding when correctly configured.

Answer B is incorrect because the “PortFast” option describes a different concept: a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Answer D is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

 

Question 11

During spanning-tree root election, switches compare a value containing priority information and a MAC address. Which identifier is being compared?

1. Bridge priority
2. Root port
3. Bridge ID
4. Root election tie-breaker

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Bridge priority” option describes a different concept: a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root election tie-breaker” option describes a different concept: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

 

Question 12

An administrator wants a switch to be preferred in a spanning-tree root election by lowering its configured election value. Which setting should be adjusted?

1. Root path cost
2. Edge port
3. Root bridge
4. Bridge priority

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Edge port” option describes a different concept: an RSTP edge port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and can transition rapidly to forwarding when correctly configured.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

 

Question 13

Rapid PVST+ includes the VLAN identifier in a portion of the spanning-tree bridge identifier. What is this portion called?

1. Extended system ID
2. Alternate port
3. Root port
4. Discarding state

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Alternate port” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Discarding state” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

 

Question 14

A non-root switch compares the accumulated spanning-tree cost toward the root when selecting its root port. What is this accumulated value called?

1. Bridge ID
2. Root bridge
3. BPDU
4. Root path cost

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer C is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

 

Question 15

Which term describes spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root?

1. Port cost
2. BPDU
3. Root bridge
4. Root path cost

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 16

Which message carries the spanning-tree information switches use for root election and loop-free port-role calculation?

1. Root election tie-breaker
2. Root port
3. Bridge ID
4. BPDU

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root election tie-breaker” option describes a different concept: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 17

Which feature can suppress sending or processing spanning-tree BPDUs in supported configurations and therefore requires care to avoid permitting loops?

1. BPDU Filter
2. BPDU Guard
3. Bridge priority
4. Bridge ID

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because BPDU Filter suppresses the sending or processing of spanning-tree BPDUs in supported configurations and must be used carefully because misuse can permit loops.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “BPDU Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Bridge priority” option describes a different concept: a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 18

Which term describes rapid STP can use proposal and agreement handshakes on point-to-point links to accelerate convergence while preserving a loop-free topology?

1. RSTP proposal and agreement
2. Discarding state
3. Loop Guard
4. Extended system ID

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because Rapid STP can use proposal and agreement handshakes on point-to-point links to accelerate convergence while preserving a loop-free topology.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Discarding state” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Extended system ID” option describes a different concept: Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.

 

Question 19

An RSTP port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and is configured for rapid transition to forwarding. Which port classification fits this attachment?

1. Bridge priority
2. Designated port
3. Edge port
4. Loop Guard

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes an RSTP edge port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and can transition rapidly to forwarding when correctly configured.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Bridge priority” option describes a different concept: a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

 

Question 20

Which term describes if spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election?

1. Root port
2. Port cost
3. Root election tie-breaker
4. Bridge ID

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 21

For Root bridge, which statement is accurate?

1. The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.
2. If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.
3. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
4. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because the choice accurately describes Root bridge: The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root election tie-breaker” option describes a different concept: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 22

For Root port, which statement is accurate?

1. A protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.
2. The forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.
3. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
4. The non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

 

Question 23

For Designated port, which statement is accurate?

1. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
2. The forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.
3. A feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.
4. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the selected answer describes the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Answer C is incorrect because the “PortFast” option describes a different concept: a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Answer D is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

 

Question 24

For Alternate port, which statement is accurate?

1. A Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.
2. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
3. The forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.
4. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because it accurately defines Alternate port. The matching definition is: A Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 25

For Forwarding state, which statement is accurate?

1. The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.
2. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.
3. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.
4. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the choice accurately describes Forwarding state: The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

 

Question 26

For Discarding state, which statement is accurate?

1. A protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.
2. A Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.
3. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.
4. A Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the selected answer describes a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “BPDU Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Alternate port” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

 

Question 27

For PortFast, which statement is accurate?

1. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.
2. The forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.
3. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
4. A feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 28

For BPDU Guard, which statement is accurate?

1. A feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.
2. A protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.
3. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.
4. The forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because it accurately defines BPDU Guard. The matching definition is: A protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “PortFast” option describes a different concept: a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Designated port” option describes a different concept: the forwarding port selected for a network segment because it offers the best path from that segment toward the root.

 

Question 29

For Root Guard, which statement is accurate?

1. The non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.
2. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
3. A protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.
4. A protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the choice accurately describes Root Guard: A protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

 

Question 30

For Loop Guard, which statement is accurate?

1. The non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.
2. A protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.
3. A protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.
4. A Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that prevents a port from accepting superior BPDUs that would cause an unexpected root bridge change.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Alternate port” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP port that provides an alternate path toward the root and normally remains in a discarding role.

 

Question 31

For Bridge ID, which statement is accurate?

1. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
2. The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.
3. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.
4. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because the selected answer describes the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer D is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

 

Question 32

For Bridge priority, which statement is accurate?

1. A protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.
2. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.
3. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
4. A lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because it accurately defines Bridge priority. The matching definition is: A lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Loop Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that helps prevent an alternate or root port from incorrectly transitioning to forwarding when BPDUs unexpectedly stop arriving.

Answer B is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 33

For Extended system ID, which statement is accurate?

1. A lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.
2. Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.
3. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.
4. The non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the choice accurately describes Extended system ID: Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Bridge priority” option describes a different concept: a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root port” option describes a different concept: the non-root switch port that provides the best path toward the root bridge.

 

Question 34

For Root path cost, which statement is accurate?

1. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
2. A lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.
3. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
4. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Correct Answer: C

 

Correct Answer

Answer C is correct because Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer B is incorrect because the “Bridge priority” option describes a different concept: a lower spanning-tree bridge priority makes a switch more likely to become the root bridge when comparing bridge IDs.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 35

For Port cost, which statement is accurate?

1. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.
2. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
3. The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.
4. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

 

Question 36

For BPDU, which statement is accurate?

1. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.
2. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
3. The switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.
4. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Correct Answer: A

 

Correct Answer

Answer A is correct because it accurately defines BPDU. The matching definition is: A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Incorrect Answers

Answer B is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Root bridge” option describes a different concept: the switch elected as the logical root of a spanning-tree instance based on the lowest bridge ID.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

 

Question 37

For BPDU Filter, which statement is accurate?

1. A protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.
2. BPDU Filter suppresses the sending or processing of spanning-tree BPDUs in supported configurations and must be used carefully because misuse can permit loops.
3. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.
4. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because the choice accurately describes BPDU Filter: BPDU Filter suppresses the sending or processing of spanning-tree BPDUs in supported configurations and must be used carefully because misuse can permit loops.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “BPDU Guard” option describes a different concept: a protection feature that can place a PortFast-enabled port into an error-disabled state if BPDUs are received.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

 

Question 38

For RSTP proposal and agreement, which statement is accurate?

1. Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.
2. Rapid STP can use proposal and agreement handshakes on point-to-point links to accelerate convergence while preserving a loop-free topology.
3. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.
4. A Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because Rapid STP can use proposal and agreement handshakes on point-to-point links to accelerate convergence while preserving a loop-free topology.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Extended system ID” option describes a different concept: Rapid PVST+ incorporates the VLAN identifier as the extended system ID portion of the bridge ID.

Answer C is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Discarding state” option describes a different concept: a Rapid STP state in which a port does not forward user frames, helping prevent Layer 2 loops.

 

Question 39

For Edge port, which statement is accurate?

1. Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.
2. A feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.
3. The spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.
4. An RSTP edge port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and can transition rapidly to forwarding when correctly configured.

Correct Answer: D

 

Correct Answer

Answer D is correct because the selected answer describes an RSTP edge port connects to an endpoint rather than another switch and can transition rapidly to forwarding when correctly configured.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Root path cost” option describes a different concept: Root path cost is the accumulated spanning-tree cost from a switch toward the root bridge and is used when selecting the root port.

Answer B is incorrect because the “PortFast” option describes a different concept: a feature that allows an edge access port to transition rapidly to forwarding when it comes up.

Answer C is incorrect because the “Forwarding state” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree state in which a port forwards user traffic and learns MAC addresses.

 

Question 40

For Root election tie-breaker, which statement is accurate?

1. The spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.
2. If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.
3. A Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.
4. Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.

Correct Answer: B

 

Correct Answer

Answer B is correct because it accurately defines Root election tie-breaker. The matching definition is: If spanning-tree priority information is equal, the switch with the lower MAC-address portion of the bridge ID wins the root election.

Incorrect Answers

Answer A is incorrect because the “Bridge ID” option describes a different concept: the spanning-tree bridge ID combines bridge priority information with the switch MAC address and is used in root bridge election.

Answer C is incorrect because the “BPDU” option describes a different concept: a Bridge Protocol Data Unit carries spanning-tree information used by switches to elect the root and calculate loop-free port roles.

Answer D is incorrect because the “Port cost” option describes a different concept: Spanning tree assigns a cost to a port based primarily on link bandwidth, and lower cumulative cost is preferred toward the root.