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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 39

Question 380

After the router identifies the installed winning destination prefix, it needs the actual interface/adjacent router through which to transmit. Which forwarding detail determines the physical egress?

  1. Use the administrative distance to decide which physical Ethernet egress port must transmit
  2. Use the outgoing interface or resolved next hop
  3. Select the source prefix with the smallest IPv4 address regardless of destination
  4. Use the OSPF router ID as if it were the local egress interface name

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

IP forwarding transmits toward the interface selected by the installed route.

Incorrect Answers

A:

AD ranked sources before installation; the installed route’s resolved egress or adjacency identifies the outgoing link.

C:

The destination has already been matched; random prefix arithmetic does not indicate the resolved egress.

D:

Router ID identifies an OSPF process, not the interface/next hop used for this packet.

Question 381

A packet to 10.20.30.42 matches static 10.20.30.0/24 and OSPF 10.20.30.32/27, both installed for their distinct prefixes. Which next-hop path does longest-prefix matching use?

  1. Choose the static /24 only because its default AD is 1
  2. Choose the OSPF /27 route
  3. Choose the default route even though two specific installed routes match
  4. Choose whichever next-hop MAC address is lexicographically smallest

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Longest prefix match beats the covering /24 even when the static source has a lower AD.

Incorrect Answers

A:

AD does not override a more-specific *installed* /27 when forwarding to a destination within it.

C:

A default applies when no more-specific installed route matches; both /24 and /27 cover the destination here.

D:

Destination route selection uses prefix specificity, not numeric ordering of link-layer addresses.

Question 382

On R1, interface Gi0/1 is up/up and owns 10.1.1.1/24, so `C 10.1.1.0/24` is installed. An administrator also configures a reachable static candidate for the identical 10.1.1.0/24 prefix at its default AD 1. Which route source ordinarily wins RIB installation while Gi0/1 stays up?

  1. The connected prefix with AD 0, ahead of an otherwise eligible same-prefix static route
  2. The static route with AD 1, because manually entered routes always override connected prefixes
  3. Both paths as ECMP solely because their prefixes match despite different distances
  4. Neither route, because IPv4 connected networks cannot be represented as /24 entries

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Connected sources normally use administrative distance 0 and are preferred over otherwise valid AD-1 static candidates for the exact same prefix.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Manual configuration does not override an operational connected route for the same prefix when the connected AD is lower.

C:

Unequal AD values are not equal-cost route installation candidates for an identical prefix.

D:

An up/up routed interface with 10.1.1.1/24 ordinarily installs a directly connected 10.1.1.0/24 route.

Question 383

An ASBR advertises a prefix as OSPF external type 2 (`O E2`) with external metric 20. The receiving router incurs internal OSPF cost 30 to reach that ASBR. With no competing routes, what metric is normally carried as the O E2 route cost, rather than the O E1 additive value?

  1. Metric 50, because every external route adds 20 and 30 regardless of type
  2. Metric 30, because type 2 ignores the advertised external value
  3. Administrative distance 110, because it becomes the type-2 external metric
  4. Metric 20, because OSPF type 2 ordinarily retains the advertised external metric

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OSPF E2 normally displays the external metric, 20 here, independently of its internal 30 cost to reach the ASBR.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Adding internal and external costs is the type-1 external metric behavior; type 2 does not add these costs to the displayed E2 metric.

B:

The internal path cost can affect preference among equal E2 external metrics, but it is not substituted for the advertised type-2 metric.

C:

Administrative distance is a route-source trust ranking used for RIB selection, not the OSPF external metric in the second bracketed field.

Question 384

A packet's destination has no installed /8, /16, /24 or host route, but the FIB has an installed default 0.0.0.0/0. Which route can be used after no more-specific match is found?

  1. Drop the packet simply because no specific /24 route is present, ignoring a valid installed default
  2. Choose a router-owned loopback /32 even when its prefix does not match the remote destination
  3. Follow the default 0.0.0.0/0 route
  4. Use an OSPF learned route even if the destination IP is outside that route’s prefix

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The default route is the least-specific installed match and forwards the packet when no longer matching route exists.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A valid installed /0 is a matching fallback for any IPv4 destination; absence of more-specific routes does not by itself require a drop.

B:

A /32 local or host route can forward only an exact matching destination; an unrelated loopback cannot cover the packet.

D:

Even an OSPF route must match the destination prefix before it can be selected; source protocol alone cannot create a match.

Question 385

Gi0/1 previously connected 192.0.2.0/24 but becomes administratively down. How must IOS reconsider the connected RIB entry and dependent next-hop routes?

  1. Preserve the old connected route as active until the router is rebooted
  2. Re-evaluate the active RIB and connected-route loss
  3. Automatically convert the failed connected prefix into an active static route without configuration
  4. Continue using Gi0/1 even when administratively down because the address prefix is still configured

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

When Gi0/1 is administratively down, the connected subnet route disappears from the active RIB and recursive routes depending on that reachability must be reassessed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An operational connected route depends on its Layer 3 interface state; the shutdown removes it from active forwarding without waiting for a reload.

C:

IOS does not invent a replacement static route for a withdrawn connected network; another eligible configured or learned route is required.

D:

The configured IP address alone does not make an administratively down egress operational or retain the connected active route.

Question 386

An IPv4 router receives a transit packet from 10.1.1.1 with destination 203.0.113.7. In ordinary destination-based routing, which IPv4 header field supplies the value used for the forwarding-table prefix lookup?

  1. The IPv4 destination address field, containing 203.0.113.7
  2. The IPv4 source address field, containing 10.1.1.1
  3. The IPv4 Time to Live (TTL) field
  4. The IPv4 Protocol field that identifies the upper-layer payload

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The router uses the packet destination IPv4 address to find the most-specific matching installed prefix in its forwarding table; 203.0.113.7 is the lookup key in this packet.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The IPv4 source address identifies the sender. Ordinary destination-based forwarding does not substitute the source address for the destination-prefix lookup; policy routing is a separate consideration.

C:

TTL is decremented on a routed hop to prevent indefinitely looping packets. Its numeric value is not the destination prefix consulted by the router.

D:

The Protocol field indicates the encapsulated next-layer protocol, such as TCP or UDP. It does not specify the destination network for standard IP routing.

Question 387

The router has already selected next-hop 192.0.2.2 on a shared Ethernet link, but needs the adjacent router's MAC address for the new outgoing frame. Which IPv4 link-layer resolution protocol supplies it?

  1. Use DHCP on the outgoing VLAN to obtain the peer router’s Ethernet MAC
  2. Use ARP for that next-hop IP on the outgoing LAN
  3. Use IPv6 Neighbor Discovery for the IPv4 next hop
  4. Use OSPF Hello discovery to populate the Ethernet frame destination

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

ARP maps an on-link IPv4 next hop to its link-layer MAC address.

Incorrect Answers

A:

DHCP allocates host addressing parameters and does not resolve an on-link IPv4 next hop to its destination Ethernet MAC.

C:

IPv6 ND resolves IPv6 neighbors, while this is IPv4 192.0.2.2 on a shared Ethernet LAN.

D:

OSPF learns routing adjacencies and paths, not the ARP mapping required for each local IPv4 Ethernet next hop.

Question 388

A forwarded IPv4 packet arrives at an intermediary router with TTL 64 and leaves on the next hop. Which TTL action must that router apply to prevent indefinite loops?

  1. Reduce IPv4 TTL when forwarding
  2. Leave the IPv4 TTL unchanged across a routed hop
  3. Increment TTL to reflect one additional router traversal
  4. Replace the TTL with the Ethernet VLAN number

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Each forwarding router decrements TTL so persistent loops expire.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Forwarding without decrement would allow loops to persist without the packet’s hop-limit bound being consumed.

C:

TTL must decrease on forwarding, not increase, so loops eventually reach an expiry.

D:

The IPv4 TTL is an independent 8-bit hop-count bound and has no relation to VLAN identity.

Question 389

An IPv4 router reduces TTL during forwarding, changing the IPv4 header contents. What must it update in the **IPv4 header** to maintain checksum correctness?

  1. Recalculate only the Ethernet FCS and leave the changed IPv4 header checksum stale
  2. Change the transport TCP checksum only and skip IPv4 header validation
  3. Preserve the ingress IPv4 header checksum even after lowering TTL
  4. Update the IPv4 header checksum

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The IPv4 header checksum changes when the TTL field is updated.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The outgoing FCS covers a new link frame, but the IPv4 header checksum must independently reflect its modified TTL.

B:

The transport checksum is separate from the IPv4 header checksum and cannot repair the modified header.

C:

Changing an IPv4 header field requires a corresponding update to its IPv4 header checksum.

Question 390

A router forwards an IPv4 packet from Ethernet VLAN 10 onto Ethernet VLAN 20. The IP destination remains the remote host, but the next hop has a new MAC address. What new link-layer encapsulation is needed?

  1. Build a new link-layer Ethernet header for the outgoing hop
  2. Retain the source and destination MACs of the inbound VLAN 10 frame
  3. Replace the destination IPv4 address with the next-hop router IP
  4. Send an 802.11 wireless association frame instead of an Ethernet frame

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Routers replace link-layer framing for each routed link while forwarding the IP packet.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A router forwards a new Ethernet frame on VLAN 20 with a local outgoing source MAC and next-hop/host destination MAC.

C:

Normal IP forwarding keeps the final IPv4 destination; the next hop is used for outgoing Layer 2 delivery.

D:

Both interfaces are Ethernet VLANs, so the new hop uses Ethernet L2 encapsulation rather than an unrelated Wi-Fi exchange.

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests

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