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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 37

Question 360

R1 has two installed, reachable routes: an OSPF `10.10.0.0/16 [110/20] via 192.0.2.2` and a high-distance static `10.10.16.128/25 [200/0] via 192.0.2.3`. A packet targets 10.10.16.178. Which next hop is used?

  1. 192.0.2.3, because the installed /25 is more specific
  2. 192.0.2.2, because OSPF has a lower administrative distance
  3. Both next hops in equal-cost balancing despite unequal prefixes
  4. Neither; a static route can never forward while OSPF is running

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Forwarding selects the longest matching *installed* prefix, so the /25 covers .178 and wins even with a higher administrative distance than the /16.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Administrative distance compares sources competing for the same prefix during installation; it does not override a more-specific installed route at forwarding time.

C:

ECMP concerns equal-cost eligible paths to the same prefix, not two unequal prefix lengths.

D:

Static routes can coexist with OSPF routes for different masks when each route is installed and reachable.

Question 361

R1 learns 198.51.100.0/24 through OSPF with administrative distance 110 and has a reachable static route to the same /24 with distance 1. Which source is installed by default?

  1. The reachable static route
  2. Both routes as ECMP despite different distances
  3. The OSPF route because its metric is dynamic
  4. Neither route until a default route is added

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

For equal prefixes, administrative distance compares sources; static AD 1 is preferred to OSPF AD 110.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Unequal administrative distances do not normally produce equal-cost installed multipaths.

C:

An OSPF metric is not compared with static AD to choose between different route sources.

D:

An eligible specific route does not depend on having an unrelated default route.

Question 362

R1 has an OSPF path for 10.80.0.0/16 at AD 110 and a floating static candidate for that exact prefix at AD 200. OSPF is healthy. Which behavior is expected?

  1. The AD 200 static route supersedes OSPF
  2. The router ignores the /16 because it is private IPv4 space
  3. OSPF stays installed and the floating static candidate remains standby
  4. Both routes must appear as equal-cost forwarding entries

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The lower-distance OSPF source wins the same prefix while available; AD 200 is a deliberate backup.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Higher administrative distance is less preferred for the same destination prefix.

B:

Private addressing does not prevent a router from installing valid private-network routes.

D:

Different route source distances preclude an automatic ECMP tie.

Question 363

The FIB contains a static 172.20.0.0/16 path and an OSPF 172.20.44.0/24 path. A packet is for 172.20.44.19. What wins the forwarding lookup?

  1. The static /16 because static distance is ordinarily 1
  2. A default route because the destination is inside RFC1918 space
  3. The installed OSPF /24 route
  4. The route with the lower OSPF cost in another subnet

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A matching /24 is more specific than /16, regardless of the static source having a smaller AD for a different prefix.

Incorrect Answers

A:

AD compares competing sources for an identical prefix at route installation, not different-length forwarding matches.

B:

An installed more-specific route is chosen ahead of /0, including for RFC1918 destinations.

D:

Metrics of unrelated prefixes do not supersede the destination’s longest match.

Question 364

Two valid OSPF intra-area routes to 10.9.70.0/24 have the same route type and administrative distance, but path costs 35 and 20. Which path is preferred?

  1. Both paths simply because both use OSPF
  2. The path with the higher next-hop IPv4 address
  3. The path with OSPF cost 35
  4. The path with OSPF cost 20

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Within the same OSPF route type and prefix, a lower accumulated OSPF cost is preferred.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF does not automatically equal-cost load share across unequal metrics.

B:

Next-hop numeric ordering is not the OSPF path preference mechanism.

C:

A larger OSPF metric represents a less preferred path under these equal-source assumptions.

Question 365

An IOS static route points to 203.0.113.9, but the current routing table has no valid way to reach that next-hop and no usable default route. What happens to the candidate?

  1. The router forwards blindly out the first physical port
  2. It cannot be installed as a usable resolved static route
  3. It becomes an ECMP route with any OSPF entry
  4. It is always installed because static routes use AD 1

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The recursive next hop needs an existing valid route or directly connected adjacency for installation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A next-hop-only static route must resolve to a real egress path.

C:

Lack of recursion cannot be solved by unrelated ECMP entries.

D:

A low administrative distance does not waive next-hop reachability.

Question 366

A router has installed 192.0.2.0/24 via A, 192.0.2.32/27 via B and 192.0.2.48/28 via C. Which next hop is selected for 192.0.2.36?

  1. A, the /24 route
  2. None because the destination is in a documentation prefix
  3. B, the /27 route
  4. C, the /28 route

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The destination .36 matches /24 and .32/27 but not .48/28; the /27 is the longest valid match.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The /24 match is less specific than the installed matching /27.

B:

Documentation addresses are valid for a conceptual forwarding-table exercise; the matching route logic remains applicable.

D:

The /28 covers .48–.63 and does not contain destination .36.

Question 367

An IPv4 datagram reaches a transit router with TTL value 1. An otherwise valid matching route exists. What should the router do with the datagram?

  1. Forward it with TTL 255 after resetting the header
  2. Discard it when the TTL expires and ordinarily send ICMP Time Exceeded
  3. Send it only if OSPF administrative distance is low
  4. Forward it unchanged to preserve the sender hop count

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A forwarding hop decrements TTL; a resulting zero prevents forwarding and normally triggers Time Exceeded.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Routers do not reset an expired packet hop limit as part of normal forwarding.

C:

TTL expiry is independent of which protocol installed the matching route.

D:

Transit routers must decrement IPv4 TTL rather than preserve the incoming value.

Question 368

An IPv4 router forwards a packet toward a remote network through an Ethernet next hop 10.1.1.2. Which link-layer destination does it normally resolve by ARP on the outgoing LAN?

  1. The MAC address of the local next-hop 10.1.1.2
  2. The remote application server MAC several hops away
  3. The source workstation MAC learned on an ingress port
  4. The OSPF multicast destination MAC regardless of packet type

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

For routed Ethernet forwarding, ARP resolves the on-link next-hop IPv4 address, not the ultimate remote host.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Ethernet framing is hop-local; the remote host MAC is not resolved across intermediate routers.

C:

That MAC belongs to the previous link, not the new next-hop Ethernet frame.

D:

Normal unicast forwarding toward a next hop does not use OSPF control-plane multicast framing.

Question 369

Two equal-cost OSPF paths to exactly the same /24 are installed with resolvable next hops. Which forwarding capability can distribute traffic across them?

  1. Equal-cost multipath (ECMP)
  2. A floating static route with AD 200
  3. Only DNS round-robin on the application server
  4. A more-specific /25 route to an unrelated subnet

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

When supported and installed, multiple equal-cost next hops may be used for forwarding, often with a deterministic per-flow hash.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A higher-distance standby route is not itself an equal-cost installed OSPF next hop.

C:

DNS does not replace the router’s equal-cost forwarding mechanism.

D:

That does not create sharing across the two installed equal-prefix OSPF paths.

Question 370

A router receives a packet for 198.51.100.9 and has neither a matching network route nor a default route. What is the correct forwarding disposition?

  1. ARP for the remote destination on all links
  2. Forward it through the numerically lowest IP interface
  3. Drop the packet and send an unreachable indication when appropriate
  4. Flood the packet from every Ethernet interface

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Without an installed matching route, the router has no next hop for ordinary IP forwarding.

Incorrect Answers

A:

ARP resolves local-link adjacencies and cannot discover routes to arbitrary remote networks.

B:

Interface address ordering does not select a default path when no route exists.

D:

Layer 3 forwarding does not use Ethernet-style flooding for unknown IP destinations.

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests

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