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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 38

Question 370

A router receives a packet for 198.51.100.9 and has neither a matching network route nor a default route. What is the correct forwarding disposition?

  1. ARP for the remote destination on all links
  2. Forward it through the numerically lowest IP interface
  3. Drop the packet and send an unreachable indication when appropriate
  4. Flood the packet from every Ethernet interface

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Without an installed matching route, the router has no next hop for ordinary IP forwarding.

Incorrect Answers

A:

ARP resolves local-link adjacencies and cannot discover routes to arbitrary remote networks.

B:

Interface address ordering does not select a default path when no route exists.

D:

Layer 3 forwarding does not use Ethernet-style flooding for unknown IP destinations.

Question 371

A router has a Null0 summary for 10.9.0.0/16, plus a valid installed 10.9.5.0/24 route toward a branch. Where does traffic to 10.9.5.7 go?

  1. Null0 because a discard route is always preferred
  2. The gateway of last resort
  3. All interfaces because the /16 is summarized
  4. Toward the real /24 branch route

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Longest-prefix lookup chooses the installed /24, while the less-specific Null0 summary can discard unmatched addresses within /16.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Null0 is not inherently preferred over a more-specific installed matching route.

B:

A matching /24 is more specific than any default /0 route.

C:

A summary prefix does not instruct the router to broadcast an IP packet.

Question 372

R1 installs a static host route 203.0.113.18/32 toward a maintenance circuit and learns a 203.0.113.0/24 through OSPF. Which route forwards packets specifically to .18?

  1. The /32 host route
  2. Whichever route has the lower neighbor MAC address
  3. The OSPF /24 because it covers more hosts
  4. The configured default route

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A /32 exact destination match is more specific than the covering /24; installation of both is assumed.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Ethernet MAC ordering does not decide between installed IPv4 route prefixes.

C:

Broader coverage does not outrank a matching host route.

D:

An installed matching /32 precedes a default /0 lookup.

Question 373

Two static routes to the exact prefix 10.44.0.0/16 use different next hops and administrative distances 1 and 250. Both are reachable. Which is active normally?

  1. The static route with AD 250
  2. Neither unless OSPF advertises the prefix
  3. The static route with AD 1
  4. Both simultaneously because they are static

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

For the same prefix, the lower-distance eligible static candidate is preferred; AD 250 can remain as fallback.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A higher administrative distance is intentionally less preferred for equivalent prefixes.

B:

A valid static route does not need OSPF advertisement to be installed.

D:

Different static administrative distances prevent these from being equal-priority paths.

Question 374

A static route to 172.31.80.0/20 lists 10.1.2.2 as next hop. That address is reachable through connected GigabitEthernet0/1. Which condition makes the path usable?

  1. The /20 prefix must be converted into a default route
  2. Recursive lookup resolves 10.1.2.2 to GigabitEthernet0/1
  3. The route automatically goes out all interfaces
  4. The destination network must first be present in ARP

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A next-hop route is resolved through another installed route or connected interface to a real egress adjacency.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Destination prefix and recursive next-hop resolution are separate concerns.

C:

The router needs a specific resolved egress interface, not all links.

D:

ARP is for local-link next-hop resolution, not storing remote destination subnet prefixes.

Question 375

The installed table has 172.16.32.0/19 via X and 172.16.64.0/18 via Y, with a default via Z. Which next hop is used for 172.16.50.7?

  1. No route because neither prefix is a /24
  2. Y, the 172.16.64.0/18 route
  3. X, the 172.16.32.0/19 route
  4. Z, the default /0 route

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A /19 from third octet 32 covers .32–.63; the /18 beginning at 64 does not match .50.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IP forwarding accepts any valid matching CIDR prefix length, not only /24.

B:

The 64–127 third-octet range excludes destination 50.

D:

The specific .32/19 prefix is already installed and matches this destination.

Question 376

The FIB holds a host route 192.0.2.25/32 via next hop A and network route 192.0.2.0/24 via B. A packet is addressed exactly to 192.0.2.25. Which route-selection rule chooses the host exception?

  1. Choose the /24 merely because next hop B has a lower protocol metric
  2. Choose the route with the lower administrative distance across these different prefix lengths
  3. Use the default route because it is the gateway of last resort
  4. Select the longest matching prefix

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A /32 route matches one specific IPv4 destination, while the /24 parent covers many addresses. Longest-prefix match selects the /32 for that host even if the broader route has a different administrative distance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The /32 and /24 are distinct installed prefixes and the /32 is the longest match for .25 regardless of per-source costs.

B:

AD selects among competing sources for an identical prefix; it does not override a more-specific installed /32.

C:

The destination matches two installed routes, including an exact /32; default fallback is unnecessary.

Question 377

A router receives a packet destined to 198.51.100.50. Its installed FIB contains 198.51.100.0/24 via A and a default 0.0.0.0/0 via B; both resolve. Which **actual installed entry** forwards this packet?

  1. Use the installed 198.51.100.0/24 route via A
  2. Use the installed 0.0.0.0/0 route via B
  3. Discard the packet despite both matching installed routes
  4. Use a nonexistent 198.51.100.50/32 host route via C

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

198.51.100.50 is inside the /24, whose 24-bit prefix is longer than the default /0, so the FIB selects the /24 route via A.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The default also matches but loses to a valid installed /24 route because zero prefix bits are less specific.

C:

Forwarding does not discard packets when a valid, resolved more-specific matching route is installed.

D:

No /32 route is installed in the stated FIB; a hypothetical host exception cannot outrank the actual /24 entry.

Question 378

EIGRP and OSPF both offer 10.20.30.0/24 with reachable next hops and AD 90/110. Which installation criterion chooses the RIB candidate **before** packets are forwarded?

  1. Choose OSPF because its metric is numerically smaller than an EIGRP composite metric
  2. Select the source with lower administrative distance
  3. Select a route by longest-prefix match even though both advertise exactly /24
  4. Choose the routing source whose next-hop address is numerically smaller

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Administrative distance decides which route source installs for an identical prefix.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Metrics from different protocols are not directly comparable for installing an identical prefix; AD 90 versus 110 decides source preference.

C:

The prefix lengths are identical so longest-prefix selection cannot distinguish the two candidates at RIB install.

D:

Next-hop IPv4 numeric ordering is not the Cisco installation rule when route-source distances differ.

Question 379

An OSPFv2 router has two paths to the same 10.20.30.0/24, both intra-area. Path A has local interface cost 10 plus downstream cost 5; Path B has local interface cost 2 plus downstream cost 20. Which path does the router prefer by total OSPF cost?

  1. Path B, because its local exit interface alone has lower cost 2
  2. Path A, because total OSPF cost 10 + 5 = 15 is less than 2 + 20 = 22
  3. Both paths equally, because administrative distance 110 is identical for OSPF
  4. The route with a /32 host mask, although no such route was advertised

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

For an intra-area route OSPF accumulates link costs along the path. A is 15 versus B at 22 and is preferred.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The total advertised cost through B is 22; comparing only its local interface cost ignores the remaining path to the prefix.

C:

Administrative distance compares routes from different sources for the same prefix; equal OSPF AD does not override unequal OSPF metrics.

D:

The two given candidates advertise the same /24; a hypothetical /32 cannot be selected.

Question 380

After the router identifies the installed winning destination prefix, it needs the actual interface/adjacent router through which to transmit. Which forwarding detail determines the physical egress?

  1. Use the administrative distance to decide which physical Ethernet egress port must transmit
  2. Use the outgoing interface or resolved next hop
  3. Select the source prefix with the smallest IPv4 address regardless of destination
  4. Use the OSPF router ID as if it were the local egress interface name

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

IP forwarding transmits toward the interface selected by the installed route.

Incorrect Answers

A:

AD ranked sources before installation; the installed route’s resolved egress or adjacency identifies the outgoing link.

C:

The destination has already been matched; random prefix arithmetic does not indicate the resolved egress.

D:

Router ID identifies an OSPF process, not the interface/next hop used for this packet.

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests

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