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Cisco 300-420 Practice Test 50

Question 490

In a planned SD-Access fabric, border nodes can reach edge loopbacks but endpoints fail because the team placed user subnets into the underlay instead of overlay VRFs. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Flattening multiple VNs into one handoff can allow unauthorized cross-tenant access.
  2. Mixing endpoint prefixes into underlay undermines fabric mobility and segmentation design.
  3. Confusing LISP control messages with user traffic hides broken data-plane paths.
  4. Insufficient underlay MTU breaks overlay traffic even when basic pings work.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to keep underlay IP reachability independent of endpoint addressing and establish the intended overlay virtual networks.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus has a fabric border but its external firewall cannot distinguish multiple endpoint VNs leaving the fabric. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An SD-Access architect assumes the fabric's LISP control plane transports all user packets like a data-plane tunnel. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Fabric edge nodes encapsulate packets, but the underlay path MTU is too small for added VXLAN overhead. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 491

An OSPF deployment puts all 600 remote access switches into area 0 and floods changes to every site. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. A plain stub area does not permit the branch ASBR to originate type-5 externals there.
  2. Bidirectional uncontrolled redistribution can feed prefixes back and create loops.
  3. A partitioned backbone prevents predictable interarea LSA propagation.
  4. A flat oversized OSPF domain creates unnecessary SPF recalculation and troubleshooting complexity.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The supported design response is to use properly bounded OSPF areas and appropriate summarization at ABRs to contain topology scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A remote branch uses an OSPF stub area but a design change introduces an ASBR that must redistribute external routes within it. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: IS-IS adjacencies form between distribution switches, but all internal prefixes are redistributed from OSPF without loop prevention. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus OSPF area 0 is split into disconnected islands connected only by another area; route distribution is unstable. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 492

Video and voice both use one strict-priority queue, causing voice jitter when video surges. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Mislabeling bulk traffic as EF causes priority-queue congestion and unfairness.
  2. Oversized strict priority can starve lower-priority traffic and still harm voice.
  3. Treating network control messages as ordinary bulk data can cause false path failures.
  4. Broad port-only classification lets bulk encrypted traffic overrun sensitive queues.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to separate delay-critical voice priority from video classes with appropriate bounded queuing and bandwidth guarantees.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus uses DSCP EF for voice signaling, voice media, and backup traffic, causing priority queue overload. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus QoS policy gives low priority to routing keepalives and network monitoring, and routing adjacencies flap during congestion. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A branch QoS policy matches all TCP 443 traffic as video, including large software downloads. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 493

A 5,000-user branch rollout wants direct SaaS breakout through local cloud on-ramp but all DNS still resolves clients to the distant headquarters proxy region. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Misclassifying IaaS as SaaS can leave guest systems unpatched and unowned.
  2. A single private cloud link without redundancy still constitutes a critical failure dependency.
  3. Relying on one vendor-native path can break portability across the managed estate.
  4. Local WAN transport without suitable DNS/inspection design can fail to improve user experience.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The supported design response is to coordinate cloud on-ramp routing with DNS, security and application placement to reduce unnecessary tromboning.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A customer rents virtual machines from a provider and must patch their operating systems, but procurement classifies the service as SaaS. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A company needs private predictable cloud connectivity to two regions but its design considers only commodity internet VPNs. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A multivendor enterprise wants one consistent YANG representation for interface operational counters but each platform exposes vendor-specific native trees. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 494

A financial organization leases a transparent point-to-point Ethernet service but requires independent routing at each site. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Treating the L2 circuit as automatic routing leaves customer networks disconnected.
  2. A routed tunnel alone cannot guarantee transparent Layer 2 service semantics.
  3. Assuming GRE tunnels inherently encrypt traffic can expose sensitive payloads.
  4. Unicast tunnel liveness does not prove multicast overlay distribution.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The supported design response is to use a provider Layer 2 service with customer-controlled Layer 3 adjacencies and monitoring.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Two industrial sites require transparent delivery of a small set of Ethernet services and reject routing between their private LANs. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A lab requires a routed overlay carrying multicast between sites but encryption is not part of the GRE service itself. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A manufacturing WAN requires multicast distribution but the SD-WAN overlay has only validated unicast OMP reachability. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 495

A design team treats NSR and NSF as synonyms and assumes route preservation when the only Routing Processor crashes. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Blanket removal of protection opens the entire access tier to rogue STP peers.
  2. Unvalidated WAN MTU/latency can silently fail tunneled endpoint traffic.
  3. Assuming per-packet balancing can hide uneven utilization and introduce reorder risk.
  4. Confusing feature scopes can leave a single RP without an actual seamless failover path.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The supported design response is to differentiate NSR control-plane state replication from NSF forwarding continuity and design according to supported platform roles.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An access switch's BPDU Guard disables a legitimate downstream bridge, and the network team proposes disabling Guard on every port. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A design extends SDA fabric across buildings on a WAN with 1500-byte MTU and assumes local campus performance will continue unchanged. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A multicampus network has two equal-cost paths but the design assumes packets always alternate evenly across every individual packet. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 496

A branch enables IPv6 DNS records before adding IPv6 firewall rules and users bypass legacy IPv4 access controls. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. A flat oversized OSPF domain creates unnecessary SPF recalculation and troubleshooting complexity.
  2. Simply assigning IPv6 addresses without routing and security parity can leave unprotected or unreachable paths.
  3. Partial address-family migration can unintentionally create weaker security on the new path.
  4. IPv4 literals and protocols lacking compatible translation can bypass or break a NAT64/DNS64 design.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to coordinate IPv6 rollout with equivalent policy, logging, and path monitoring before publishing AAAA records.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An OSPF deployment puts all 600 remote access switches into area 0 and floods changes to every site. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Headquarters supports IPv4 but users now require IPv6 applications without losing legacy IPv4 services. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A new IPv6-only client subnet must access a legacy IPv4-only web endpoint through an enterprise gateway. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 497

An enterprise wants to expose a multicast stream to one receiver group but the original source uses a group address conflicting with a remote application. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. ASM rendezvous-point dependencies can add unneeded complexity for known-source services.
  2. Blind group reuse can collide with other services and expose traffic unintentionally.
  3. A group-only join is insufficient for typical SSM delivery.
  4. Co-locating management and public application exposure broadens the attack surface.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to evaluate controlled multicast service reflection or translation with explicit source/group mappings.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A 10,000-receiver IPTV deployment requires one-to-many traffic from known sources but still uses RP discovery for each stream. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A new multicast source uses group 232.1.1.1 but the client sends only (*,G) membership instead of a source-specific join. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Remote branch routers are managed using the same public internet IP address that exposes a user web service. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 498

A dual-carrier WAN design changes to backup but automatically switches back on every momentary primary heartbeat recovery. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Backup connectivity not tested end to end can be unusable when needed.
  2. An untested 5G link may lack usable signal, throughput or operational independence in an actual incident.
  3. Aggressive failback causes session churn and repeated route convergence.
  4. Carrier-grade NAT can break designs that rely on arbitrary inbound connections.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to introduce deliberate recovery policy or dampening to prevent repeated unstable failback.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Backup 5G is installed at a factory but its data plan and APN firewall rules block VPN establishment after primary fiber failure. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A disaster-recovery branch depends on a 5G uplink as backup for wired MPLS, but cellular coverage varies by carrier and power failure. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An industrial site uses 4G LTE as primary WAN, and its routing team assumes public inbound addresses remain reachable through carrier-grade NAT. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 499

Three campus sites peer with a shared WAN hub; every site transits through the hub even for cross-campus traffic and voice suffers latency. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. A stray default can override security inspection or create blackholes.
  2. Hub-only paths add avoidable tromboning and concentrate a single failure domain.
  3. Unicast fabric reachability does not prove multicast distribution or replication.
  4. Summarizing unrelated reachability behind one router can blackhole traffic.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to design a routed intercampus topology with appropriate direct or regional paths and deterministic failover.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A branch router redistributes a static default to the campus IGP without approval, causing arbitrary sites to shift egress. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A financial application needs multicast delivery across SDA sites, but all validation has covered unicast endpoint maps only. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Branch-specific prefix updates flood every campus router; a proposed aggregate crosses two distinct WAN egress sites. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 500

An iBGP route reflector sees several candidate routes to the same destination but advertises only its best path to clients. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Allowing a nontransit branch to act as a query/transit path increases instability and query scope.
  2. A single best-path advertisement can conceal viable alternatives during failures.
  3. A stale covering route can blackhole traffic and obscure the decommissioned subnet's true ownership.
  4. Unbounded EIGRP queries across slow or unstable WAN paths can delay convergence and trigger SIA events.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to evaluate whether additional-paths or path diversity is required and supported by the topology and platforms.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A branch EIGRP router advertises remote routes back into its hub and occasionally becomes a transit path between hubs. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus advertises a /18 summary into the WAN but has no route for one constituent /24 after a building is decommissioned. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An EIGRP core has routes stuck active after one WAN path fails and queries spread into many remote sites. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Designing Cisco Enterprise Networks (ENSLD) (300-420) Practice Tests

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