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Cisco 300-420 Practice Test 53

Question 520

A provider delegation contains 2001:db8:4200::/48 and the design requires 256 independent /64 LANs across 16 branches. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Overlapping site prefixes can cause ambiguous reachability and route leaks between branches.
  2. Uncoordinated subnet selection creates overlapping or nonaggregatable IPv6 assignments.
  3. A topology without level-2 interarea connectivity prevents the required interarea reachability.
  4. Tunnel encapsulation overhead and underlay failure can create hard-to-diagnose IPv6 outages.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to subdivide the /48 hierarchically by branch and VLAN, with unique /64s and aggregate boundaries that fit the delegation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A retailer adds 70 branches and reused 10.20.0.0/16 at several sites; the MPLS provider cannot distinguish the overlapping prefixes in the enterprise routing table. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A service provider backbone runs IS-IS level-1 only across multiple areas, and distant branch routers cannot obtain interarea routes. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An organization needs to reach an IPv6 island over a provider network that carries IPv4 only for the next year. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 521

A routed-access campus needs equal-cost forwarding to two distribution routers while keeping each VLAN local to one wiring closet. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Shared power dependencies nullify assumed device redundancy.
  2. An IP transit that removes fabric encapsulation may not automatically extend fabric segmentation end to end.
  3. MST region mismatch can create boundary behavior and unexpected spanning-tree paths.
  4. Extending VLANs across routed-access boundaries negates intended local Layer 2 containment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The supported design response is to build point-to-point routed access uplinks and use ECMP-capable IGP convergence at the access layer.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Two campus distribution routers each have a single power feed from the same rack PDU, yet the architecture counts them as separate fault domains. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An organization needs consistent segmentation across two SD-Access fabric sites connected by a routed MPLS service. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A new MST campus region accidentally has a different VLAN-to-instance mapping on one distribution switch. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 522

A retail chain needs many spokes to make dynamic spoke-to-spoke tunnels without permanent full-mesh configuration. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Assuming MPLS forwarding by itself provides encryption or security policy can leave confidentiality gaps.
  2. Static hub-only GRE tunnels scale poorly for dynamic multi-spoke reachability.
  3. Hub-and-spoke encryption can force avoidable tromboning and reduce availability.
  4. Incorrect shortcut or route summarization design can force persistent hairpin traffic.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to evaluate a DMVPN hub/spoke design using NHRP registration and supported dynamic shortcut behavior.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A regional healthcare group wants routed site separation within a provider-managed private WAN without building its own full mesh of tunnels. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An organization needs any-to-any group-encrypted private WAN traffic but the new design proposes a traditional hub-and-spoke IPsec overlay with hub hairpins. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Two DMVPN spokes can reach the hub but never build a direct shortcut after new spoke routes are learned. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 523

An enterprise edge allows a contracted 50-Mbps guest rate but users report voice degradation during microbursts despite the average staying under 50 Mbps. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Underestimating overhead causes congestion even when aggregate codec bit rate looks safe.
  2. Uncontrolled guests can consume shared upstream bandwidth and deny service to business flows.
  3. An average-rate target without burst control can still overrun downstream buffers.
  4. Impossible aggregate guarantees lead to unexpected arbitration or configuration rejection.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to engineer a policer with an appropriate burst tolerance and separate real-time queue protection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A design team calculates voice QoS bandwidth solely from codec payload bit rate and ignores RTP, IP and tunnel overhead. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A guest wireless SSID creates burst traffic exceeding its contracted share and disrupts campus applications. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A switch QoS scheduler guarantees 30% to backup traffic and 80% to voice under full congestion, exceeding possible link capacity. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 524

A large enterprise wants to contain detailed IS-IS prefixes within buildings while preserving intercampus reachability. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Flooding every detail through the entire IS-IS domain increases churn and operational complexity.
  2. Mismatched metrics can create unexpected asymmetry or congestion.
  3. Weight affects only the local router and can leave other iBGP speakers choosing different exits.
  4. Reusing an on-link prefix across routed interfaces breaks the intended IPv6 neighbor and subnet boundaries.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The supported design response is to use a hierarchical IS-IS L1/L2 design and summarization at supported area boundaries where it fits topology.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A network uses IS-IS with dual distribution routers and wants predictable traffic away from a low-bandwidth backup path. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A BGP operator attempts to influence routes within one AS by changing the weight attribute only on one edge router. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A campus plans IPv6 addressing with one /64 shared between two routed VLAN interfaces in different buildings. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 525

A Cisco-only controller needs platform-specific wireless policies that are not represented by the organization's standard OpenConfig model. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Generic models cannot be assumed to expose every proprietary feature.
  2. Incorrect model classification can produce malformed payloads or unsupported paths.
  3. A single private cloud link without redundancy still constitutes a critical failure dependency.
  4. Relying on one vendor-native path can break portability across the managed estate.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The supported design response is to use an appropriate Cisco native YANG model for supported platform-specific configuration.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A standards group needs an interoperable interface model but mistakenly calls every IETF YANG module an OpenConfig model. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A company needs private predictable cloud connectivity to two regions but its design considers only commodity internet VPNs. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A multivendor enterprise wants one consistent YANG representation for interface operational counters but each platform exposes vendor-specific native trees. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 526

A site cutover retains a withdrawn /24 under an unchanged /20 campus summary and traffic follows an obsolete transit path. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Unvalidated WAN MTU/latency can silently fail tunneled endpoint traffic.
  2. Insufficient underlay MTU breaks overlay traffic even when basic pings work.
  3. A covering route can hide stale subnet withdrawal and create blackholes.
  4. Equal-cost routing across unequal-capacity paths can overload the smaller circuit.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to update summary ownership and ensure discarded or absent specifics cannot mask the retired destination.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A design extends SDA fabric across buildings on a WAN with 1500-byte MTU and assumes local campus performance will continue unchanged. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: Fabric edge nodes encapsulate packets, but the underlay path MTU is too small for added VXLAN overhead. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A distribution pair advertises the same summary at two locations, but one has a 100-Mbps backhaul and receives half of campus traffic. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 527

A data-center team assigns the same loopback IPv4 address to two route reflectors for convenience but also uses it as unique BGP router identifiers. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Ignoring overload can select a router that has not populated a usable forwarding table.
  2. Duplicate control-plane identifiers can confuse adjacency and fault isolation.
  3. Assuming every higher-metric neighbor is a feasible successor can lead to unexpected reconvergence.
  4. IPv4 link-local source and destination addresses are not intended for ordinary intersite routing.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The supported design response is to give each route reflector a stable unique loopback/router ID and advertise reachability through the IGP.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: The IS-IS backbone has a router in overload state after reboot and operators mistake it for an ordinary forwarding transit. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A router receives two EIGRP routes for a prefix with different metrics and the design team wants deterministic failover. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A remote office assigns clients addresses from 169.254.0.0/16 and expects them to be reachable through a routed WAN. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 528

A guest wireless SSID creates burst traffic exceeding its contracted share and disrupts campus applications. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. An average-rate target without burst control can still overrun downstream buffers.
  2. Trusting arbitrary edge markings lets endpoints bypass the intended QoS policy.
  3. Uncontrolled guests can consume shared upstream bandwidth and deny service to business flows.
  4. Impossible aggregate guarantees lead to unexpected arbitration or configuration rejection.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to police untrusted guest ingress traffic to an appropriate rate and violation action at the policy boundary.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An enterprise edge allows a contracted 50-Mbps guest rate but users report voice degradation during microbursts despite the average staying under 50 Mbps. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An enterprise WAN receives DSCP values from untrusted guest clients and propagates them unchanged into privileged queues. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A switch QoS scheduler guarantees 30% to backup traffic and 80% to voice under full congestion, exceeding possible link capacity. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 529

An enterprise replaces a point-to-point GRE tunnel with raw IPsec ESP and expects dynamic multicast routing hellos to work unchanged. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Treating the L2 circuit as automatic routing leaves customer networks disconnected.
  2. Overlay encryption overhead can create an otherwise invisible PMTUD blackhole.
  3. A transport change can break protocols not carried by the selected tunnel mode.
  4. Assuming GRE tunnels inherently encrypt traffic can expose sensitive payloads.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The supported design response is to select a tunnel mechanism or supported IPsec profile that carries required multicast/routing traffic.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A financial organization leases a transparent point-to-point Ethernet service but requires independent routing at each site. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A branch uses IPsec overlay on broadband with 1400-byte effective MTU, but an application sends 1500-byte DF-set packets and stalls. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A lab requires a routed overlay carrying multicast between sites but encryption is not part of the GRE service itself. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Question 530

A multicampus network has two equal-cost paths but the design assumes packets always alternate evenly across every individual packet. Which specific risk makes the uncorrected design unacceptable?

  1. Assuming per-packet balancing can hide uneven utilization and introduce reorder risk.
  2. Unvalidated WAN MTU/latency can silently fail tunneled endpoint traffic.
  3. Overlapping domain redistribution without clear ownership causes asymmetric paths and unnecessary delay.
  4. Confusing LISP control messages with user traffic hides broken data-plane paths.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The supported design response is to plan ECMP based on actual per-flow hashing and application sensitivity rather than guaranteed per-packet load balance.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A design extends SDA fabric across buildings on a WAN with 1500-byte MTU and assumes local campus performance will continue unchanged. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

C:

That hazard arises in a separate case: A branch aggregation point has both IS-IS and OSPF neighbors with multiple equal-cost exits; traffic unexpectedly hairpins through a data center. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

D:

That hazard arises in a separate case: An SD-Access architect assumes the fabric's LISP control plane transports all user packets like a data-plane tunnel. It is not the failure mode evidenced here.

Designing Cisco Enterprise Networks (ENSLD) (300-420) Practice Tests

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