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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 6

Question 50

A high-speed TCP sender can overwhelm a small receiving application's buffer. The receiver advertises a changing window in ACK segments; which transport mechanism limits outstanding bytes according to that window?

  1. Use TCP congestion-window slow start as a substitute for the peer receive window
  2. Use TCP selective acknowledgment to identify only missing sequence ranges
  3. Use TCP retransmission timers to resend lost segments regardless of receiving buffer space
  4. Use TCP receive-window flow control

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The TCP receive window (rwnd) advertises receiver buffer availability. The sender constrains unacknowledged data to the allowed window, also subject to congestion control.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Congestion-window control protects the network against excessive traffic, whereas the receiving host advertises its own available buffer capacity using a separate receive window.

B:

Selective acknowledgment improves identification of received and missing data after loss, but it does not convey how much outstanding data the receiver can buffer.

C:

Retransmission recovers lost segments; by itself it does not limit the sender to the receive capacity explicitly advertised in ACKs.

Question 51

An existing HTTP/1.1 server and HTTP/2 client use the conventional reliable ordered byte stream over port 443 rather than HTTP/3 over QUIC. Which transport service carries this connection?

  1. Use UDP datagrams with application-level reordering as a substitute for the standard HTTP/2 transport
  2. Use SCTP associations as the required transport for ordinary HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 connections
  3. Use TCP as the traditional HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2 transport
  4. Use QUIC over UDP as if the requested session were HTTP/3

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Traditional HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 connections over TLS use TCP, which supplies ordered reliable stream delivery; HTTP/3 instead uses QUIC over UDP.

Incorrect Answers

A:

UDP has no inherent reliable ordered byte stream and is not the conventional transport for the specified HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2 session.

B:

SCTP can provide reliable message transport but is not the standard transport of the HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2 client-server connection stated.

D:

QUIC typically carries HTTP/3 and uses UDP. The question explicitly excludes HTTP/3 and identifies the conventional HTTP/2 reliable byte-stream connection.

Question 52

A normal stub DNS resolver sends a compact UDP question to a recursive resolver and no zone transfer or oversized TCP retry is involved. What transport/port does that initial query typically use?

  1. Use TCP destination port 53 as a compulsory first choice for every small stub DNS lookup
  2. Use UDP port 53 for ordinary DNS queries
  3. Use UDP destination port 67, which is reserved for DHCP servers
  4. Use UDP port 5353 for ordinary unicast recursive lookups rather than multicast DNS

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A compact standard stub DNS request typically goes from an ephemeral source port to UDP destination port 53 at the configured recursive resolver; DNS can also use TCP when appropriate.

Incorrect Answers

A:

DNS supports TCP, but the question specifies a small normal stub query using UDP; TCP 53 is not mandatory for every initial ordinary lookup.

C:

UDP 67 is the DHCPv4 server port, not the normal resolver destination for DNS queries.

D:

UDP port 5353 is associated with multicast DNS; it is not the specified standard unicast recursive-resolver query on UDP 53.

Question 53

In a packet capture, a segment has source and destination ports, total datagram length and checksum but no TCP sequence or ACK numbers. Which transport header is present?

  1. A TCP header that carries sequence, acknowledgment, window and flag fields
  2. An ICMPv6 header containing type, code and checksum rather than transport ports
  3. An SCTP common header containing a verification tag instead of the indicated UDP-length layout
  4. Identify the UDP header with ports, length and checksum

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The standard UDP header has source port, destination port, length and checksum, and it omits TCP sequence and ACK numbers.

Incorrect Answers

A:

TCP includes sequence and acknowledgment numbers and control flags in addition to its ports; the missing fields rule out the normal TCP header format.

B:

ICMPv6 provides message type and code information, not the source/destination UDP port pair and UDP datagram-length field described.

C:

SCTP uses source/destination ports with a verification tag and checksum, but not the four-field UDP header with the specified length field.

Question 54

A capture shows a lost byte range, duplicate ACK evidence and the sender retransmitting only missing sequence data in an ordered session. Which transport reliability mechanism explains the behavior?

  1. Repeat the TCP SYN/SYN-ACK/ACK handshake for each lost data byte
  2. Increase the TCP advertised receive window and declare the missing bytes delivered
  3. Switch the established stream to connectionless UDP with no transport recovery
  4. Identify TCP acknowledgment and retransmission

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

TCP uses cumulative ACK information, often augmented by SACK or duplicate ACK/loss detection, to retransmit missing sequence data while preserving ordered byte-stream delivery.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Connection establishment normally occurs at the beginning of the TCP session; retransmission of a lost segment does not require a fresh SYN handshake per byte.

B:

The receive window provides flow control, not a declaration that missing data has arrived; the lost sequence range still needs recovery.

C:

An established TCP connection does not silently become UDP, and UDP itself does not provide TCP sequence-based reliable retransmission.

Question 55

A low-latency application uses UDP and needs sequence ordering for its own datagrams. Which design responsibility must the application assume because UDP does not supply built-in ordered reliable delivery?

  1. Assume every UDP header includes a TCP-style sequence number and retransmission counter
  2. Use UDP plus ordering logic in the application if required
  3. Expect the receiver to send TCP selective ACKs for every UDP datagram automatically
  4. Rely on the Ethernet frame check sequence to restore lost UDP datagram order

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

An application requiring ordered delivery over UDP must define its own sequence identifiers, buffering/reordering, and any needed loss handling because UDP provides datagrams without an ordered reliable stream.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The UDP header contains ports, length and checksum, not a built-in ordered sequence or TCP-style retransmission mechanism.

C:

TCP SACK is a TCP connection feature and is not automatically generated for unrelated UDP datagrams.

D:

The Ethernet FCS detects corrupted frames on a link; it does not track or reorder application UDP datagrams across an IP path.

Question 56

A branch PC has IPv4 address 10.20.5.77/26. Which route prefix represents the directly connected LAN?

  1. 10.20.5.128/26
  2. 10.20.5.0/26
  3. 10.20.5.64/26
  4. 10.20.5.64/27

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A /26 has blocks of 64 addresses; .77 falls inside 10.20.5.64–10.20.5.127.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The third /26 begins at .128, above the host address.

B:

The first /26 ends at .63 and cannot contain .77.

D:

A /27 beginning at .64 includes .77, but it uses a 27-bit prefix rather than the configured /26.

Question 57

A technician receives 192.168.18.128/27 for a new switch VLAN. Which IPv4 address is the subnet broadcast?

  1. 192.168.18.191
  2. 192.168.18.160
  3. 192.168.18.159
  4. 192.168.18.158

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A /27 holds 32 addresses, so the .128 network ends at .159.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The .191 address broadcasts the next /27 block, not .128/27.

B:

The .160 address starts the following /27 network.

D:

The .158 address is the last ordinary usable host, not broadcast.

Question 58

A server interface must use the highest assignable IPv4 host in 172.16.44.64/28. Which address is valid?

  1. 172.16.44.78
  2. 172.16.44.65
  3. 172.16.44.77
  4. 172.16.44.79

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A /28 occupies .64–.79; .79 is broadcast, leaving .78 as the highest usable host.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is the first usable host address, not the last.

C:

This is usable but is not the highest available host address.

D:

This is the directed broadcast address for the /28.

Question 59

A switch SVI is assigned the first usable address on 10.40.9.192/26. What IP should be configured?

  1. 10.40.9.193
  2. 10.40.9.194
  3. 10.40.9.192
  4. 10.40.9.255

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The network starts at .192; .193 is the first usable host of this /26.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This is the second usable host rather than the first.

C:

A conventional /26 reserves its all-zero host address as the network identifier.

D:

The final address in this /26 is its directed broadcast.

Question 60

An IT team allocates an ordinary IPv4 /27 to employee endpoints. How many usable host addresses does it provide?

  1. 31
  2. 62
  3. 30
  4. 32

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A /27 has 5 host bits and 32 total addresses; subtract network and broadcast to get 30.

Incorrect Answers

A:

One of the two reserved conventional /27 addresses remains incorrectly counted.

B:

That is the conventional usable-host count of a /26, not a /27.

D:

This counts the network identifier and directed broadcast as assignable hosts.

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) (200-301) Practice Tests

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