How Much Do GRE Scores Impact Your Graduate School Chances

Over the years, many graduate school applicants have asked a common question: how much do GRE scores matter? This question became even more prominent during the pandemic, when many graduate programs temporarily waived their GRE requirements. However, even before that, the weight given to GRE scores in admissions decisions has always been a complex issue.

This article explores the role of GRE scores in graduate school admissions, including at top-tier graduate schools, business schools, and law schools. It also discusses the significance of achieving a strong GRE score in each section of the exam.

Why Does a GRE Score Matter?

There are two main reasons GRE scores remain important for admissions committees.

The GRE Provides a Standardized Metric

Applicants come from diverse academic and professional backgrounds with varying experiences. Because of this diversity, comparing candidates can feel like comparing apples and oranges. The GRE serves as a standardized tool that allows admissions committees to assess applicants on a common scale. This helps ensure fairness in evaluation.

For example, an “A” grade in physics at one university may not be equivalent to an “A” at another. However, a GRE score of 320 carries the same meaning regardless of where the test was taken. This standardized measure helps admissions teams make more objective comparisons.

The GRE Acts as a Filtering Mechanism

Graduate programs often receive large numbers of applications, and admissions committees must identify candidates who have the potential to succeed. Because the GRE provides a consistent evaluation method, it can serve as an initial filter. Low GRE scores may raise concerns about an applicant’s ability to handle the program’s academic rigor, especially in competitive programs.

Though very few programs state explicit minimum GRE score cutoffs, a low score can still be a red flag. For example, a low quantitative score may hinder applications to programs in economics or computer science, while a low verbal score might affect admissions chances for education or humanities programs.

Studies have found correlations between GRE scores and important outcomes like graduate GPA, program completion, and other performance measures. This reinforces why programs that require the GRE tend to pay close attention to applicants’ scores.

The Complexity of GRE Importance: Requirements Vary Widely

The question of how much GRE scores matter is complicated by the fact that different graduate programs have varying policies regarding the test. Even within the same university, one program might require GRE scores, another might make them optional, and yet another might temporarily waive them.

For example, some programs at well-known universities require GRE scores, while others offer test-optional policies or do not consider GRE scores at all. Therefore, the first step for any applicant is to thoroughly research the specific requirements of the programs they are interested in.

If a program explicitly states that GRE scores are not accepted or not considered, then GRE scores will not affect admissions decisions there. However, many programs still use GRE scores as an important part of the evaluation process.

Optional GRE Scores Don’t Mean They Are Unimportant

Even when GRE submission is optional, it is a mistake to assume that the test scores do not matter. Submitting strong GRE scores can enhance an application, especially when applicants have comparable academic records and experiences.

Consider two applicants to the same competitive program, both with similar GPAs, internships, and letters of recommendation. If one submits an impressive GRE score and the other does not, the applicant who submitted their score often has an advantage.

This is because admissions committees use GRE scores not only to assess academic potential but also to distinguish between candidates who are otherwise similar. A great GRE score can provide an additional way to demonstrate strengths and reinforce the overall quality of an application.

The Strategic Role of GRE Scores in Test-Optional Policies

Many graduate programs have moved to a test-optional policy in recent years, particularly in response to the pandemic. This shift means applicants can choose whether or not to submit GRE scores as part of their application. While this may sound like an opportunity to skip the exam, it is essential to understand that “optional” does not mean “irrelevant.”

Why You Should Consider Submitting Your GRE Scores

Submitting GRE scores, even when optional, can provide important advantages. Admissions committees use GRE scores as a standardized benchmark to compare candidates from varied backgrounds. If you have a strong GRE score, it can serve as a valuable tool to highlight your academic potential and complement other parts of your application.

In highly competitive programs, many applicants will submit their GRE scores despite optional policies. This means that to stand out, you may need to submit a competitive GRE score as well. When other applicants are showing their strengths through test scores, choosing not to submit yours may result in missed opportunities to differentiate yourself.

Using GRE Scores to Offset Application Weaknesses

The GRE can also help balance the scales if certain parts of your application are weaker. For example, if your undergraduate GPA is below the average for your target programs, a strong GRE score might reassure admissions committees that you can handle graduate-level work. Similarly, if your coursework lacked depth in subjects related to your intended field of study, a strong GRE score in the relevant section (verbal or quantitative) can help demonstrate your readiness.

However, it’s important to recognize that a GRE score alone rarely compensates for major deficiencies in an application. Admissions committees evaluate candidates holistically and will consider a range of factors. But in many cases, an impressive GRE score can tip the balance in your favor when other aspects are borderline.

GRE Scores as “The Icing on the Cake”

When your application is strong overall, submitting a high GRE score can add the final touch to make you a standout candidate. Even if your GPA, recommendations, and experience already place you among top applicants, a great GRE score can reinforce the impression that you are well-prepared and capable.

Especially at competitive programs where many applicants have excellent credentials, submitting a high GRE score can help you distinguish yourself from others. Think of it as the finishing touch that adds polish to an already impressive application package.

Some programs explicitly state that they do not give preference to applicants who submit GRE scores under test-optional policies. However, even in these cases, submitting a strong score does not harm your application. It may serve as evidence of your quantitative, verbal, and analytical skills that can only strengthen your candidacy.

The Importance of Program-Specific GRE Research

Because GRE requirements and policies vary widely, it is critical to conduct detailed research on the programs you are interested in. Different schools—and even different departments within the same school—may have distinct policies regarding the GRE. Some may require it for all applicants, some may be test-optional, and others may waive the GRE entirely.

Understanding the nuances of each program’s stance on GRE scores allows you to develop a strategic plan for your applications. In cases where GRE scores are required or strongly recommended, investing time and effort into studying for the exam is crucial. Where GRE submission is optional, carefully weighing the pros and cons of submitting scores is necessary.

Researching average GRE scores of admitted students can also provide benchmarks to set target scores. Many programs publish average or median GRE scores, including percentile rankings. Meeting or exceeding these scores increases your likelihood of being viewed as a competitive applicant.

How GRE Scores Matter at Top Graduate Schools

Top-ranked graduate programs are often the most competitive. They receive applications from highly qualified candidates from around the world. In this context, GRE scores can play a nuanced but significant role.

Holistic Admissions at Top Schools

Top graduate schools typically use holistic review processes. This means they consider all parts of your application, including GPA, letters of recommendation, research experience, personal statements, and GRE scores. While no single component determines admission, every element matters.

In many cases, a high GRE score is necessary but not sufficient on its own. If you have weak letters or a low GPA, even an outstanding GRE score may not guarantee admission. On the other hand, if your GRE scores fall below the program’s typical range, it could hurt your chances regardless of other strengths.

GRE as a Differentiator

At these schools, the GRE may function more as a differentiator than as a basic filter. Since most admitted students have strong academic records, GRE scores can help admissions committees distinguish among many qualified applicants.

For example, if your GRE Quantitative score is significantly higher than the average for admitted students, it signals strong quantitative skills and can strengthen your application to STEM or quantitative social science programs. Similarly, high verbal or writing scores can bolster applications to humanities or interdisciplinary programs.

The Risk of Relying Solely on GRE Scores

While GRE scores matter, relying too heavily on them is risky. Admission committees look for well-rounded candidates who not only excel on tests but also have relevant experience, strong motivation, and the capacity to contribute to the academic community.

For top programs, excelling on the GRE complements but does not replace other crucial elements. Focusing on all parts of the application—research, internships, essays, recommendations—is essential to maximize your chances.

GRE Scores in Business School Admissions

Business schools differ from other graduate programs in several important ways regarding GRE and GMAT scores.

GRE and GMAT Equivalence

Most business schools accept either GRE or GMAT scores. Generally, they do not have a preference between the two exams. This offers applicants flexibility in choosing which test to take based on their strengths.

Emphasis on Quantitative Skills

Business schools often place substantial weight on quantitative skills, as these are critical for success in MBA programs. This means the GRE Quantitative score is especially important in business school admissions. High quantitative scores can indicate strong analytical and problem-solving abilities, which admissions committees value highly.

Test Scores and Holistic Admissions

Like other graduate programs, business schools use holistic admissions processes. However, standardized test scores typically carry more weight in business school applications than in many other fields. Strong GRE or GMAT scores can compensate for weaker parts of an application, such as a lower undergraduate GPA.

At highly competitive business schools, applicants often have very high GRE or GMAT scores, so standing out requires exceptional results. At less competitive schools, a good test score may more easily enhance an applicant’s profile.

GRE Scores and Law School Admissions

The landscape of law school admissions is evolving, with more law schools accepting GRE scores alongside or instead of the traditional LSAT.

GRE as an Alternative to the LSAT

Many law schools now allow applicants to submit GRE scores as an alternative to the LSAT. This option appeals to students who have taken the GRE for other graduate programs or who want to keep multiple options open.

However, the LSAT remains the dominant test for law school admissions, and many applicants still take it as their primary exam.

Importance of GRE Scores for Law Schools

For applicants using the GRE, scores matter significantly. Law schools compare GRE scores by converting them to percentile equivalents with LSAT scores to maintain consistent evaluation standards.

Applicants should aim for GRE percentile rankings comparable to or exceeding the median LSAT percentiles at their target law schools. This ensures their GRE scores will be viewed as competitive.

Strategic Considerations for Law School Applicants

Applicants planning to use GRE scores for law school admission should carefully research each school’s policies and average admitted scores. Understanding how GRE scores are interpreted can guide test preparation and application strategies.

The Role of the GRE Analytical Writing Score

Many students wonder whether the GRE Analytical Writing score is important in graduate admissions.

Variability in Writing Score Importance

The significance of the writing score depends heavily on the program and field of study. Programs with a strong emphasis on communication skills, critical thinking, and writing—such as journalism, humanities, or social sciences—often pay closer attention to this section.

On the other hand, quantitative or technical programs may place less emphasis on writing scores, focusing more on verbal and quantitative results.

Avoiding Poor Writing Scores

It is important to avoid very low scores on the Analytical Writing section. A poor writing score can raise concerns about your ability to articulate ideas clearly and effectively. Admissions committees may question your commitment or writing ability, which can hurt your application even if other areas are strong.

Even in math or science fields, a very low writing score might stand out negatively. It’s wise to prepare for the writing section and aim for a competent score to avoid unnecessary red flags.

GRE Scores and Their Impact on Scholarship and Funding Decisions

Beyond admissions decisions, GRE scores often play a significant role in scholarship awards and funding opportunities. Many graduate programs and external scholarship providers use standardized test scores as part of their criteria for awarding merit-based financial aid.

Scholarships That Consider GRE Scores

Several competitive scholarships and fellowships explicitly list GRE scores as a factor in their evaluation process. High GRE scores can help you stand out among applicants, increasing your chances of securing financial support.

Some examples include:

• University-specific merit scholarships reward outstanding academic achievement.
• National fellowships and research grants that assess academic potential.
• Teaching assistantships and research assistantships that may use GRE scores as part of the evaluation process.

For students with strong GRE scores, these funding opportunities can significantly reduce the financial burden of graduate education.

How GRE Scores Influence Funding Decisions

In many programs, funding decisions are made by faculty committees that review applicant files holistically. However, GRE scores often serve as an initial filter or benchmark. Applicants with scores below program thresholds might not be considered for certain scholarships or assistantships.

Conversely, candidates with exceptional GRE scores often receive preferential consideration. High scores reflect well on a candidate’s academic abilities and potential contributions to the program’s research and teaching missions.

Advice for Applicants Seeking Funding

If funding is a critical concern for you, invest adequate time in preparing for the GRE to achieve competitive scores. Research the funding options available at your target programs, noting any minimum GRE score requirements or recommended ranges.

When applying for scholarships or assistantships, clearly highlight your GRE scores in your application materials if they strengthen your candidacy.

The Role of GRE Scores in International Student Admissions

International students face unique challenges in graduate admissions, and GRE scores can be particularly important in this context.

Demonstrating Academic Preparedness

For international applicants whose educational systems differ significantly from those in the U.S., GRE scores provide a standardized measure of academic preparedness. Admissions committees use these scores to assess whether international applicants can handle the rigors of graduate coursework.

High GRE scores help international students overcome uncertainties related to grading scales, curriculum differences, and unfamiliar transcripts.

Complementing English Language Proficiency Tests

Many international students must submit English language proficiency test scores (such as TOEFL or IELTS). While these tests assess language skills, GRE scores evaluate broader academic abilities, including analytical thinking and quantitative reasoning.

Strong GRE verbal and writing scores can reinforce an applicant’s language competence and academic readiness.

Financial and Visa Implications

GRE scores can also impact visa sponsorship and financial aid decisions for international students. Some scholarship programs and assistantships that fund international students require minimum GRE scores.

High GRE scores improve your competitiveness for these positions, which can make a difference in securing funding and visa support.

The Psychological Impact of GRE Scores on Applicants

GRE scores influence not only admissions decisions but also applicants’ confidence and approach during the application process.

Building Confidence Through Preparation

Scoring well on the GRE often reflects months of focused preparation. Achieving a target score can boost your confidence about your academic abilities and readiness for graduate school.

Applicants who feel confident about their test performance may approach interviews, essays, and other parts of the application with greater assurance.

The Stress Factor

Conversely, low or disappointing GRE scores can cause stress and self-doubt. If you perform below expectations, it’s natural to worry about how this will affect your chances.

However, it is important to keep perspective. The GRE is just one part of your application. Many candidates with modest GRE scores are admitted to graduate programs by showcasing strengths in other areas.

Coping Strategies

• Retake the GRE if possible: Many students improve significantly with additional preparation and retesting.
• Focus on holistic application strengths: Emphasize research, experience, and personal qualities.
• Seek support: Use advisors, mentors, and peers for guidance and encouragement.

How GRE Scores Influence Program Fit and Advising

GRE scores can affect not only admissions but also your fit within a program and the advising you receive.

Advisor Assignments and Research Group Placement

Some programs use GRE scores to help assign students to advisors or research groups. For example, a student with a strong quantitative GRE score may be directed toward faculty members specializing in quantitative methods or STEM disciplines.

Faculty advisors sometimes use GRE scores as indicators of students’ preparedness for certain types of research or coursework.

Course Placement and Tailoring

In certain graduate programs, GRE scores may influence initial course placements or required preparatory classes. Students with lower scores might be advised to take foundational courses before moving to advanced topics.

This approach helps ensure students have the necessary skills to succeed, reducing the risk of early academic struggles.

Academic Support Services

Students with GRE scores indicating specific weaknesses might be encouraged to use academic support services such as tutoring, writing centers, or math workshops.

This early identification helps students address gaps proactively, enhancing their chances of success.

The GRE in the Context of Other Standardized Tests

Applicants often wonder how the GRE compares to other graduate admission tests and what that means for their applications.

GRE vs. GMAT

• Business schools commonly accept both tests.
• GRE is more general, testing verbal, quantitative, and analytical writing.
• GMAT focuses more heavily on quantitative skills and integrated reasoning.
• Choose the test that best aligns with your strengths and the requirements of your programs.

GRE vs. LSAT

• Used for law school admissions.
• LSAT focuses on logical reasoning, reading comprehension, and analytical reasoning.
• Some law schools accept GRE scores as an alternative.
• If applying to law school, research program preferences carefully.

GRE vs. MCAT

• For medical school admissions.
• The MCAT tests biological and physical sciences, critical analysis.
• GRE is generally not accepted for medical school.
• Understanding test differences helps focus your preparation.

The Evolving Role of GRE Scores in Graduate Admissions

Graduate admissions are changing in response to evolving educational trends, diversity initiatives, and test-optional movements.

Increasing Test-Optional Policies

More programs are making the GRE optional to increase diversity and access. This trend may continue, potentially reducing the relative weight of GRE scores over time.

However, many programs still require or strongly recommend the GRE, particularly in competitive fields.

Alternatives and Supplements to the GRE

Some programs use alternative assessments or portfolio reviews in place of GRE scores. Others emphasize experiential learning, professional experience, or interviews.

Applicants should monitor changes in admissions policies and be flexible in their approach.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Automation

As AI tools improve, some admissions offices may use data-driven methods to analyze applications, including test scores.

While this may streamline processes, it also underscores the need for applicants to present a well-rounded, authentic profile beyond test numbers.

GRE Scores and Career Outcomes

While GRE scores primarily influence admissions, many applicants wonder if these scores predict career success.

Research on GRE Scores and Graduate Performance

Studies suggest that GRE scores moderately correlate with first-year graduate GPA but are less predictive of long-term research productivity, creativity, or professional success.

Admissions committees value GRE scores as part of a broader evaluation of potential.

Employers and GRE Scores

Most employers do not request GRE scores during hiring. Professional experience, skills, and interviews typically matter more.

However, strong GRE scores can contribute to your academic reputation and open doors for research opportunities or competitive fellowships that may enhance your career.

Using GRE Scores as a Personal Benchmark

Many applicants use their GRE scores as a personal measure of academic skill, motivation, and readiness for graduate school challenges.

High scores can reinforce your confidence and affirm your preparedness for advanced study and professional growth.

Practical Tips for Maximizing the Value of Your GRE Scores

To make your GRE scores work best for you, consider these strategies:

Choose Programs Wisely

• Research GRE requirements early.
• Target programs where your score is competitive.
• Consider test-optional policies carefully.

Prepare Strategically

• Focus on your weaker sections.
• Use high-quality study materials and practice tests.
• Consider professional prep courses if needed.

Plan Your Test Timeline

• Take the GRE early enough to allow retakes.
• Align test dates with application deadlines.
• Avoid burnout by scheduling realistic preparation periods.

Highlight Your Scores Effectively

• Include GRE scores prominently if they are strong.
• Explain any scores that might be borderline in your statement of purpose.
• Use scores to support your narrative about academic preparation.

Balance GRE Scores with Other Application Elements

• Develop strong letters of recommendation.
• Craft compelling personal statements.
• Showcase relevant experience and achievements.

Understanding the Limitations of GRE Scores in Graduate Admissions

While GRE scores are an important metric in graduate admissions, it’s crucial to understand their limitations and why they should not be the sole factor in evaluating your readiness or potential.

GRE Scores Reflect Test-Taking Ability, Not Complete Academic Potential

The GRE measures specific skills—verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing. However, these scores primarily reflect your test-taking abilities under timed conditions. They cannot capture all aspects of your intellectual capacity or potential contributions as a graduate student.

For example, GRE scores do not measure creativity, persistence, research aptitude, leadership qualities, or interpersonal skills—attributes that are often essential for success in graduate school and beyond.

Potential for Test Anxiety and Performance Fluctuations

Many applicants underperform on the GRE due to test anxiety or poor test-day conditions. A single exam score might not reflect their true abilities or knowledge.

Admissions committees recognize this, which is why many use GRE scores as one component in a holistic review process rather than the definitive factor.

GRE Scores Cannot Compensate for Poor Academic Records Alone

Even a stellar GRE score may not fully compensate for a weak undergraduate academic record, lack of relevant coursework, or limited research experience. Graduate study is demanding, and foundational knowledge demonstrated through prior grades is critical.

Applicants should therefore balance their efforts between improving GRE scores and strengthening other parts of their application.

How to Interpret GRE Scores and Percentiles

Understanding what your GRE scores mean is essential for making strategic decisions about your applications.

Score vs. Percentile

Your GRE score (e.g., 160 verbal, 165 quantitative) corresponds to a percentile rank that indicates how you performed relative to other test-takers. Percentiles are often a better way to understand your standing since raw scores may vary in difficulty over time.

For example:

• A quantitative score of 165 might place you in the 89th percentile, meaning you scored higher than 89% of test takers.
• A verbal score of 160 might correspond to the 82nd percentile.

Knowing these percentiles helps you compare your performance with the average scores of admitted students at your target programs.

Different Weight on Sections by Program

Some programs emphasize certain sections more than others:

• STEM programs often prioritize quantitative scores.
• Humanities or social sciences programs might emphasize verbal and writing scores.
• Business schools look at quantitative scores heavily, but also consider verbal scores.

Analyze how your scores align with program expectations to decide where your strengths lie.

Setting Target Scores

By researching the GRE averages for admitted students in your programs, you can set realistic but ambitious target scores. For example, if the median quantitative GRE at your top program is 165, aiming for 165 or above maximizes your competitiveness.

Strategies for Retaking the GRE

If your initial scores fall short of your goals or program requirements, retaking the GRE is a common and often effective strategy.

When to Consider Retaking

• Your scores are below the minimum or average for your target programs.
• You believe you can significantly improve with more preparation.
• Your test-day conditions negatively affected your performance.

How to Improve on a Retake

• Analyze your previous score report to identify weak areas.
• Use official practice materials and simulate test conditions.
• Focus on time management and test-taking strategies.
• Consider enrolling in a prep course or working with a tutor.
• Take multiple full-length practice tests to build endurance.

Score Reporting Policies

ETS allows you to select which GRE scores to send to schools (ScoreSelect). Use this to your advantage by sending only your highest scores. This means you don’t have to disclose lower scores unless programs require all attempts.

Number of Retakes

While many students retake the GRE once or twice, excessive retakes can be counterproductive. Most programs do not penalize multiple attempts, but repeated testing without improvement might raise questions.

GRE Scores and Graduate School Interviews

In some fields and programs, interviews are an integral part of the admissions process. While GRE scores do not directly factor into interviews, they indirectly influence the perception of your application.

How GRE Scores Shape Interview Invitations

Strong GRE scores combined with other application elements can increase your chances of receiving interview invitations, especially in competitive programs.

Interviews provide an opportunity to further demonstrate your skills, motivation, and fit for the program, potentially offsetting any weaknesses in test scores.

Discussing GRE Scores During Interviews

Generally, it’s uncommon for interviewers to focus explicitly on GRE scores. However, be prepared to discuss your academic background and preparation.

If asked about test scores, frame your answers positively, focusing on how your strengths and experiences make you a good fit for graduate study.

GRE Scores and Non-Traditional Applicants

Graduate admissions increasingly welcome non-traditional applicants such as:

• Career changers
• Applicants with work experience instead of recent academics
• International students from diverse educational backgrounds

For these applicants, GRE scores can play a critical role in demonstrating academic preparedness.

How GRE Scores Can Offset Gaps or Non-Traditional Backgrounds

A strong GRE score may reassure admissions committees that you have the foundational skills to succeed academically despite a non-linear path.

It also provides a common metric to compare candidates who may not have conventional transcripts or recent academic credentials.

Tailoring Application Narratives

If your GRE scores are strong but other parts of your background are non-traditional, use your statement and recommendations to explain your journey and highlight your motivation.

The Future of GRE Scores in Graduate Admissions

The landscape of graduate admissions continues to evolve rapidly, and the role of GRE scores is likely to change accordingly.

Trends Toward De-Emphasizing Standardized Tests

Increasingly, programs are re-evaluating the necessity of GRE scores, particularly in the context of diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. Many are piloting or adopting test-optional or test-blind policies.

This trend may continue to reduce the weight of GRE scores in admissions decisions, especially for programs seeking to broaden access and reduce barriers.

Potential Innovations in Assessment

New assessment tools and holistic evaluation methods may emerge to supplement or replace the GRE. These might include:

• Skills-based evaluations
• Portfolios and project-based assessments
• AI-driven predictive analytics on applicant potential

Applicants should stay informed about these developments.

Adapting Your Strategy

Given these shifts, applicants should adopt flexible application strategies that do not rely solely on GRE performance. Emphasize all parts of your profile: academic records, professional experience, personal qualities, and other achievements.

Practical Advice: Maximizing Your GRE Score Impact

To conclude this series, here is a summary of key practical advice on how to make your GRE scores work best for your graduate application goals.

1. Research Program Requirements Thoroughly

Know the GRE policies and average admitted scores for each program. Tailor your test preparation accordingly.

2. Prepare Strategically and Early

Start studying well in advance, use quality resources, and simulate test conditions to build confidence.

3. Take the GRE More Than Once If Needed

Use retakes to improve scores, but have a clear plan and timeline.

4. Leverage ScoreSelect Wisely

Send your highest scores to programs; avoid sending subpar attempts unless required.

5. Balance Your Application Holistically

Pair strong GRE scores with compelling statements, strong recommendations, relevant experience, and solid academic records.

6. Use GRE Scores to Bolster Funding Applications

Highlight your scores for scholarships, fellowships, and assistantships.

7. Be Prepared to Explain Any Weaknesses

If your GRE scores are borderline, address this proactively in your application narrative.

8. Stay Informed About Changing GRE Policies

Check for updates in test-optional trends and program requirements each application cycle.